Diasporic Security and Jewish Identity

This paper explores the relationship between identity and security through an investigation into Jewish diasporic identity. The paper argues that the convention of treating identity as an objective referent of security is problematic, as the Jewish diaspora experience demonstrates. The paper presents a new way of conceptualizing identity and security by introducing the concept of diasporic security. Diasporic security reflects the geographical experience of being a member of a trans-state community, of having a fluid identity that is shaped by sometimes contradictory discourses emanating from a community that resides both at home and abroad. In introducing the concept of diasporic security, the paper makes use of literature in Diaspora Studies, Security Studies, recent works in contemporary political theory and sociology, and Woody Allen's film, Deconstructing Harry (1997)

Enantioenriched Cyanohydrins and Acetoxyphosphonates – Synthesis and Applications

In this thesis, the synthesis of enantioenriched compounds using novel methodologies that employ metal- and biocatalysis is described. In the first part, the synthesis of enantioenriched cyanohydrins, which are highly versatile synthetic intermediates, is described. A minor enantiomer recycling methodology, which uses a catalytic system consisting of a titanium salen dimer and a lipase, was highly successful in yielding the desired products, often in essentially enantiopure form. Alternatively, when the minor enantiomer recycling method gave unsatisfactory results, the same two catalysts were used in a sequential two-step process. The minor enantiomer recycling procedure was used to synthesize three different β-adrenergic antagonists with very high enantiomeric excesses via the corresponding O-acetylated cyanohydrins. With the same cyclic process, O-(α-bromoacyl) cyanohydrins were synthesized and subsequently transformed to aminofuranones via an intramolecular Blaise reaction. In addition, substitution of the bromide in the O-(α-bromoacyl) cyanohydrins with different nitrogen nucleophiles followed by reduction gave N-substituted β-amino alcohols. This reaction sequence was applied to the synthesis of the β3-adrenergic receptor agonist solabegron. Finally, the O-(α-bromoacyl) cyanohydrins were subjected to a palladium catalyzed cross-coupling with a range of boronic acids. This reaction proceeded with high yields, and was performed with enantiopure substrates with no or only minor racemization of the resulting products. In the second part, the first asymmetric direct addition of acylphosphonates to aldehydes is described. This transformation is catalyzed by a tridentate Schiff base aluminum(III) Lewis acidic complex, a Lewis base, and a Brønstedt base. Several aromatic and aliphatic acetoxyphosphonates were isolated, in most cases in high yields. Unfortunately, the enantioselectivity in the reaction was only moderate. Therefore, an investigation to develop a minor enantiomer recycling system for the synthesis of acetoxyphosphonates was initiated, but a working cyclic process could not be found in this work.QC 20150908</p

Enantioenriched Cyanohydrins and Acetoxyphosphonates – Synthesis and Applications

In this thesis, the synthesis of enantioenriched compounds using novel methodologies that employ metal- and biocatalysis is described. In the first part, the synthesis of enantioenriched cyanohydrins, which are highly versatile synthetic intermediates, is described. A minor enantiomer recycling methodology, which uses a catalytic system consisting of a titanium salen dimer and a lipase, was highly successful in yielding the desired products, often in essentially enantiopure form. Alternatively, when the minor enantiomer recycling method gave unsatisfactory results, the same two catalysts were used in a sequential two-step process. The minor enantiomer recycling procedure was used to synthesize three different β-adrenergic antagonists with very high enantiomeric excesses via the corresponding O-acetylated cyanohydrins. With the same cyclic process, O-(α-bromoacyl) cyanohydrins were synthesized and subsequently transformed to aminofuranones via an intramolecular Blaise reaction. In addition, substitution of the bromide in the O-(α-bromoacyl) cyanohydrins with different nitrogen nucleophiles followed by reduction gave N-substituted β-amino alcohols. This reaction sequence was applied to the synthesis of the β3-adrenergic receptor agonist solabegron. Finally, the O-(α-bromoacyl) cyanohydrins were subjected to a palladium catalyzed cross-coupling with a range of boronic acids. This reaction proceeded with high yields, and was performed with enantiopure substrates with no or only minor racemization of the resulting products. In the second part, the first asymmetric direct addition of acylphosphonates to aldehydes is described. This transformation is catalyzed by a tridentate Schiff base aluminum(III) Lewis acidic complex, a Lewis base, and a Brønstedt base. Several aromatic and aliphatic acetoxyphosphonates were isolated, in most cases in high yields. Unfortunately, the enantioselectivity in the reaction was only moderate. Therefore, an investigation to develop a minor enantiomer recycling system for the synthesis of acetoxyphosphonates was initiated, but a working cyclic process could not be found in this work.QC 20150908</p

Synthesis of the β₃‑Adrenergic Receptor Agonist Solabegron and Analogous <i>N</i>‑(2-Ethylamino)-β-amino Alcohols from <i>O</i>‑Acylated Cyanohydrins – Expanding the Scope of Minor Enantiomer Recycling

A novel methodology to produce highly enantioenriched <i>N</i>-(2-ethylamino)-β-amino alcohols was developed. These compounds were obtained from <i>O</i>-(α-bromoacyl) cyanohydrins, which were synthesized by the minor enantiomer methodology employing a Lewis acid and a biocatalyst, followed by nucleophilic substitution with amines and reduction. The importance of the developed methodology was demonstrated by completing a highly enantioselective total synthesis of the β₃-adrenergic receptor agonist Solabegron

Development, simulation, construction and test of a small horizontal-axis marine current power plant

En prototyp av ett horisontalaxlat marint strömkraftverk är designat och konstruerat med syfte atterhålla kunskap om marin strömkraft som en förnybar energikälla. Målet var att strömkraftverketskulle uppnå en verkningsgrad om 20 %. Det konstruerade strömkraftverket består huvudsakligenav en trebladig strömkraftsturbin, en växel och en axialflödesgenerator. Turbinbladen designa-des och simulerades baserad på bladelementteori och dess prestanda vad gäller hållfasthet ochhydrodynamik är modellerad. Strömkraftverket testas i ett lokalt vattendrag men målet om enverkningsgrad på 20 % uppnås ej. Den slutgiltiga maximala effekten som utvinns vid test uppgår till 0,22 W vilket motsvarar en verkningsgrad om 0,2 %.A horizontal axis marine current power plant prototype is desinged and constructed in order toobtain knowledge about marine current power as a source of renewable energy and with the goal ofachieving a maximumpower coefficient of 0.2. The power system mainly consists of a three-bladedhydro-turbine, a gear and an axial-flux generator. The turbine blades are designed and simulatedbased on blade element theory and its material strength and hydrodynamic perfomance is modeled.The power system is tested in a local water stream but the goal of apower coefficient of 0.2 isnot reached. An output power of 0.22 W is measured when tested which corresponds to a powercoefficient of 0.2 %

Development, simulation, construction and test of a small horizontal-axis marine current power plant

En prototyp av ett horisontalaxlat marint strömkraftverk är designat och konstruerat med syfte atterhålla kunskap om marin strömkraft som en förnybar energikälla. Målet var att strömkraftverketskulle uppnå en verkningsgrad om 20 %. Det konstruerade strömkraftverket består huvudsakligenav en trebladig strömkraftsturbin, en växel och en axialflödesgenerator. Turbinbladen designa-des och simulerades baserad på bladelementteori och dess prestanda vad gäller hållfasthet ochhydrodynamik är modellerad. Strömkraftverket testas i ett lokalt vattendrag men målet om enverkningsgrad på 20 % uppnås ej. Den slutgiltiga maximala effekten som utvinns vid test uppgår till 0,22 W vilket motsvarar en verkningsgrad om 0,2 %.A horizontal axis marine current power plant prototype is desinged and constructed in order toobtain knowledge about marine current power as a source of renewable energy and with the goal ofachieving a maximumpower coefficient of 0.2. The power system mainly consists of a three-bladedhydro-turbine, a gear and an axial-flux generator. The turbine blades are designed and simulatedbased on blade element theory and its material strength and hydrodynamic perfomance is modeled.The power system is tested in a local water stream but the goal of apower coefficient of 0.2 isnot reached. An output power of 0.22 W is measured when tested which corresponds to a powercoefficient of 0.2 %