5,170 research outputs found
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Dendrobates leucomelas
Number of Pages: 6Integrative BiologyGeological Science
Connectomics of bipolar disorder: A critical review, and evidence for dynamic instabilities within interoceptive networks
Stabilization of the arrival time of a relativistic electron beam to the 50 fs level
We report the results of a low-latency beam phase feed-forward system built
to stabilize the arrival time of a relativistic electron beam. The system was
operated at the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) Test Facility (CTF3) at CERN
where the beam arrival time was stabilized to approximately 50 fs. The system
latency was 350 ns and the correction bandwidth >23 MHz. The system meets the
requirements for CLIC.Comment: 5 pages, 9 figures, 1 tabl
A test for efficiency in the supply of public education
This paper devises and applies a statistical test for efficient provision of local public education. The test is based on the `Samuelson condition' of equality between the sum of marginal rates of substitution and marginal cost. The econometric method is a micro-based approach to the estimation of the marginal rate of substitution function. This method accounts for possible `Tiebout bias' caused by the fact that individuals may choose their school districts in accordance with their tastes for education.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/27356/1/0000381.pd
âSome men deeply hate women, and express that hatred freelyâ: examining victimsâ experiences and perceptions of gendered hate crime
Extensive debate about the place of gender within the hate crime policy domain has been fuelled by national victimisation surveys indicating peopleâs experiences of âgender hate crimeâ coupled with Nottinghamshire Policeâs decision to begin categorising misogynistic street harassment as a form of hate crime. Drawing on the results of an online survey of 85 respondents, this article explores peopleâs experiences of gender-related victimisation as âhate crimesâ. The analysis demonstrates how participants relate their experiences to the hate crime concept, their perceptions on punishment and reporting to the police, and also wider impacts on their recovery processes. This paper provides a timely contribution towards current debates around using the existing hate crime model for addressing crimes motivated by gender hostility
Self-consistent solution of the Schwinger-Dyson equations for the nucleon and meson propagators
The Schwinger-Dyson equations for the nucleon and meson propagators are
solved self-consistently in an approximation that goes beyond the Hartree-Fock
approximation. The traditional approach consists in solving the nucleon
Schwinger-Dyson equation with bare meson propagators and bare meson-nucleon
vertices; the corrections to the meson propagators are calculated using the
bare nucleon propagator and bare nucleon-meson vertices. It is known that such
an approximation scheme produces the appearance of ghost poles in the
propagators. In this paper the coupled system of Schwinger-Dyson equations for
the nucleon and the meson propagators are solved self-consistently including
vertex corrections. The interplay of self-consistency and vertex corrections on
the ghosts problem is investigated. It is found that the self-consistency does
not affect significantly the spectral properties of the propagators. In
particular, it does not affect the appearance of the ghost poles in the
propagators.Comment: REVTEX, 7 figures (available upon request), IFT-P.037/93,
DOE/ER/40427-12-N9
Prostate-based biofluids for the detection of prostate cancer: A comparative study of the diagnostic performance of cell-sourced RNA biomarkers
Background
Prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis requires improvement with the aid of more accurate biomarkers. Postejaculate urethral washings (PEUW) could be a physiological equivalent to urine obtained following rectal prostatic massage, the current basis for the prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3) test. The aim of this study was to investigate if PEUW contained prostate-based material, evidenced by the presence of prostate specific antigen (PSA), and to evaluate the diagnostic performance of PEUW-based biomarkers.
Methods
Male patients referred for elevated serum PSA or abnormal digital rectal examination provided ejaculate and PEUW samples. PSA, PCA3, and ÎČ2-microglobulin (ÎČ2M) were quantified in ejaculate and PEUW and compared with absolute and clinically significant (according to D\u27Amico criteria) PCa presence, as determined by biopsies. Diagnostic performance was determined and compared with serum PSA using receiver operating characteristic analysis.
Results
From 83 patients who provided PEUW samples, paired analysis with ejaculate samples was possible for 38 patients, while analysis in an unpaired, extended cohort was possible for 62 patients. PSA and PCA3 were detected in PEUW, normalized to ÎČ2M, and PCA3:PSA was calculated. In predicting absolute PCa status, PCA3:ÎČ2M in ejaculate [area under the curve (AUC) 0.717] and PEUW (AUC 0.569) were insignificantly better than PCA3:PSA (AUC 0.668 and 0.431, respectively) and comparable with serum PSA (AUC 0.617) with similar trends observed for the extended cohort. When considering clinically significant PCa presence, serum PSA in the comparison (AUC 0.640) and extended cohorts (AUC 0.665) was comparable with PCA3: ÎČ2M (AUC 0.667) and PCA3:PSA (AUC 0.605) in ejaculate, with lower estimates for PEUW in the comparison (PCA3: ÎČ2M AUC 0.496; PCA3:PSA AUC 0.342) and extended (PCA3: ÎČ2M AUC 0.497; PCA3:PSA AUC 0.469) cohorts. The statistical analysis was limited by sample size.
Conclusion
PEUW contains prostatic material, but has limited diagnostic accuracy when considering cell-derived DNA analysis. PCA3-based markers in ejaculate are comparable to serum PSA and digital rectal examinationâurine markers
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The convective storm initiation project
Copyright @ 2007 AMSThe Convective Storm Initiation Project (CSIP) is an international project to understand precisely where, when, and how convective clouds form and develop into showers in the mainly maritime environment of southern England. A major aim of CSIP is to compare the results of the very high resolution Met Office weather forecasting model with detailed observations of the early stages of convective clouds and to use the newly gained understanding to improve the predictions of the model. A large array of ground-based instruments plus two instrumented aircraft, from the U.K. National Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS) and the German Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), Karlsruhe, were deployed in southern England, over an area centered on the meteorological radars at Chilbolton, during the summers of 2004 and 2005. In addition to a variety of ground-based remote-sensing instruments, numerous rawin-sondes were released at one- to two-hourly intervals from six closely spaced sites. The Met Office weather radar network and Meteosat satellite imagery were used to provide context for the observations made by the instruments deployed during CSIP. This article presents an overview of the CSIP field campaign and examples from CSIP of the types of convective initiation phenomena that are typical in the United Kingdom. It shows the way in which certain kinds of observational data are able to reveal these phenomena and gives an explanation of how the analyses of data from the field campaign will be used in the development of an improved very high resolution NWP model for operational use.This work is funded by the National Environment Research Council following an initial award from the HEFCE Joint Infrastructure Fund
The effect of cigarette smoke exposure on the development of inflammation in lungs, gut and joints of TNFÎARE mice
The inflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha is a central mediator in many immune-mediated diseases, such as Crohn's disease (CD), spondyloarthritis (SpA) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Epidemiologic studies have shown that cigarette smoking (CS) is a prominent common risk factor in these TNF-dependent diseases. We exposed TNF Delta ARE mice; in which a systemic TNF-alpha overexpression leads to the development of inflammation; to 2 or 4 weeks of air or CS. We investigated the effect of deregulated TNF expression on CS-induced pulmonary inflammation and the effect of CS exposure on the initiation and progression of gut and joint inflammation. Upon 2 weeks of CS exposure, inflammation in lungs of TNF Delta ARE mice was significantly aggravated. However, upon 4 weeks of CS-exposure, this aggravation was no longer observed. TNF Delta ARE mice have no increases in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and a diminished neutrophil response in the lungs after 4 weeks of CS exposure. In the gut and joints of TNF Delta ARE mice, 2 or 4 weeks of CS exposure did not modulate the development of inflammation. In conclusion, CS exposure does not modulate gut and joint inflammation in TNF Delta ARE mice. The lung responses towards CS in TNF Delta ARE mice however depend on the duration of CS exposure
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