Preparation of Arsenobetaine hydrobromide

Crystalline arsenobetaine hydrobromide is deposited directly on addition of trimethylarsine to a benzene solution of bromoacetic acid. The product is stable, non-deliquescent and may be readily converted into the free betaine by passage through basic ion exchange resin

Extraction and identification of the main compound present in Elaeis guineensis flower volatiles

The main compound contained in the volatile oils of the oil palm flowers was identified as l-methoxy-4 (2-propenyl) benzene or estragole. The same compound was extracted from the anthesizing male and female flowers of the oil palm (Elaeis guineensis). The newly identified compound is believed to be responsible for attracting the adults of the oil palm pollinating weevil, Elaeidobius kemerunicus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Steam distillation of1 kg of fresh male and female flowers yielded O.7g and O.2g of volatile oils. The chemical structure and characteristics were confirmed by mass spectromeric analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis, and the infrared spectra analysis. The possible usage of the compound in ecological research on the weevil and in the industry' are discussed

Chemotaxonomy of the Lauraceae: N-Methyl-2,3,6 trimethoxymorphinandien- 7-one, the Major Alkaloid from Alseodaphne perakens'is

The leaves of Alseodaphne perakensis contain one major and a complex mixture of minor alkaloids. The major component was identified as N-methyl-2,3, 6-trimethoxymorphinandien-7-one by spectroscopic analyses of the parent compound, its methiodide salt and sodium borohydride reduction products

Composition of the Steam Volatile Oil from Hyptis suaveolens Poit

The steam volatile oil from the aerial parts of Hyptis suaveolens has been examined by combined GC-MS. Of the 70 components detected, 38 have been identified accounting for approximately 86% of the oil. ( β Caryophyllene was present to 41% and 1,8-cincole, terpinen-4-o 1, ex-bergamotene, sabinene and ex -copaene were the other major components. This oil appears to be chemically distinct from the one reported from H. suaveolens collected in South America

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries