Le Corbusier: urban visions through thresholds

In Le Corbusier’s work the threshold is represented like a revealing and enigmatic space that define the relations of the limit or boundary, the separation and the union between the buildings and the urban spaces, and the space that defines, qualifies and characterises the minimum condition of urbanity of any work of architecture, irrespective of its use or scale. Through an analysis of the draws based on the study of the six notebooks of The Voyage d’Orient (1911), and of the study of the urban settings visited, we verified that the threshold is, for Le Corbusier, a space or sequence of spaces organised under the idea of “plan” of variable thickness or extension, that includes both criteria and guidelines of order as well as solutions for managing the limits or boundaries in architecture, as well as its relation with space and the involvement with its surroundings, that is to say, we have also focused on highlighting how the architecture in itself, attends to an order that as well as being articulated and unitary, is extended by means of doors, frames, courtyards, terraces, sheds and exterior spaces, that incorporate both the nearby urban landscape as well as the distant cityscape

Los sellos de calidad: ¿garantía de procesos exitosos en las organizaciones?

El presente ensayo Los sellos de calidad ¿garantía de procesos exitosos en las organizaciones? indagó cómo impacta en las empresas el desarrollo del Sistema de Gestión de Calidad, especialmente con la norma ISO y particularmente 9001 por ser la más genérica en las organizaciones. Para efectos del ensayo tomamos algunas organizaciones sobre las que indagamos si los sellos de calidad son garantía de procesos exitosos y sus respuestas permiten evidenciar que la certificación con las normas ISO 9001 en las organizaciones analizadas, no tiene un impacto positivo en la medida esperada por las empresas que la implementan, su valor agregado es poco y en factores medulares como el proceso de talento humano, en medición de satisfacción del cliente, resultados económicos y evidencia de una mejora continua, los efectos son escasos ante los esfuerzos connotados. Se concluye que los sellos de calidad no son garantía de procesos exitosos, que los encuestados piensan que los sistemas de gestión de calidad deben acompañarse de otros sistemas de gestión en abierta discrepancia con los gestores de este Sistema de Gestión y que se aboca a una revisión de la implementación en las compañías que contribuyeron al estudio. Las organizaciones que pretendan implementar ISO, deben iniciar con una preparación cultural para emprender el compromiso de la mejora continuaThis essay, the seals of quality, is they guarantee of successful methods in organizations? Inquired how businesses are impacted in the development of quality management systems, especially with regulation ISO 9001 which is the most generic in organizations. For the results of this test we inquired in some organizations that were tested to see if the seals of quality are gurantee of successful methods. Their answers proved that the certification with the ISO 9001 regulation in the organizations analyzed, it has no positive impact in the expectancy level in companies that implemented it. Its added value is low and in core factors such as human talent process in meassuring customer satisfaction, economic results and evidence of continous improvement, the results are limited in contrast to the notorious efforts. We conclude that the seals of quality are not a guarantee of successful methods. The interviewed think that systems of quality control must be accompained with other control systems in open disagreement with the managers of these control systems and focuses in reviewing the implementation in companies that contributed to the study. The companies that seeking to implement ISO must begin with a cultural background to undertake to commitment to continous improvemen

Small scale fracture behaviour of multilayer TiN/CrN systems: Assessment of bilayer thickness effects by means of ex-situ tests on FIB-milled micro-cantilevers

TiN/CrN multilayered PVD coatings are known to exhibit outstanding micromechanical properties and wear resistance. On the other hand, information on their small scale fracture behaviour is rather scarce. The present work aims to address it by testing to failure FIB-milled microbeams of multilayer TiN/CrN systems with different bilayer periods (8, 19 and 25 nm). In doing so, these micrometric specimens are first FIB notched, and thus deflected by means of a nanoindentation system. It is found that multilayer architecture translates into a beneficial synergic effect regarding critical load for reaching unstable failure; and thus, on energy absorption at fracture. Such behaviour is associated with small scale crack deflection as main toughening mechanism.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Small-scale assessment of corrosion-induced damage in hardmetals

In this work, the effect of corrosion-induced damage on the mechanical response of hardmetals was evaluated at small-scale level by means of nanoindentation and nanoscratch. Damage was introduced in a controlled way through immersion in acidic solution. It is found that surface degradation associated with corrosion leads to a strong reduction of hardness and elastic modulus, as compared to non-corroded samples. Similarly, significant differences are observed in nanoscratch response, regarding not only width and depth of tracks but also deformation mechanisms developed as contact load is progressively increased. Damage was already evidenced in corroded surfaces at scratching loads one order of magnitude lower than for virgin specimens. Cracking and fragmentation of individual WC grains, together with chipping of at the track edges were the main deformation and fracture micromechanisms identified. Changes in nanoindentation and nanoscratch response and damage scenario are discussed on the basis of the corrosion-induced changes within the intrinsic microstructural assemblage of hardmetals.Postprint (published version

El sentido estadístico y su desarrollo

En este trabajo concebimos el sentido estadístico como unión de la cultura y razonamiento estadístico. Se describen las ideas estadísticas fundamentales como componentes de la cultura estadística y los componentes del razonamiento estadístico. También se sugiere que el desarrollo efectivo en los estudiantes se favorece especialmente con una enseñanza basada en investigaciones y proyectos que permite dotar de sentido a los diversos objetos estadísticos e involucra a los estudiantes en el ciclo de investigación y modos de razonamiento estadístico, desarrollando su espíritu crítico e iniciativa personal

Urban regeneration through retroftting social housing: the AURA 3.1 prototype

As a large proportion of housing stock does not meet the current demands for energy and comfort (leading to high levels of obsolescence and vulnerability), the annual rate of energy upgrades for the existing stock must be increased. The AURA Strategy is an intervention methodology which focuses on the regeneration of neighbourhoods or obsolete urban fabrics which sufer from high levels of architectural, urban and socioeconomic vulnerability. Within this context, the AURA 3.1 prototype was developed for the Solar Decathlon Europe 2019 Competition. The project was based around a sustainable construction strategy for the urban regeneration of obsolete residential neighbourhoods, through the reuse of existing buildings considering Mediterranean climate and energy. The Poligono San Pablo neighbourhood was chosen as the case study. This article presents the main retroft action: the juxtaposition on the existing building of a structural-architectural system which provides new technological and spatial features. Quantitative data regarding the validity and efectiveness of the AURA Strategy could be collected from the monitoring of the Pavilion prototype during the competition. Two frst prizes were won in contests with on-site measurements: Comfort conditions and House Functioning. Third place was also obtained in the Sustainability contest, thus confrming the enormous possibilities the AURA Strategy has for sustainable urban regeneration in retroftting social housing, within the limitations of the competition

Biodesarrollo, Territory and Population in Rural Communities. An Approach to the Social Construction of the Territory in the Rural Area of ​​Tenza Valley

El desarrollo se presenta como un paradigma económico, político, social y cultural, que desde su puesta en marcha ha buscado incursionar todos los campos de la sociedad, configurando nuevas dinámicas económicas y transformando las formas de vida de la población. Frente a ello, el escenario de la ruralidad ha sido uno de los más afectados, pues como se evidencia en el sector rural del Valle de Tenza, Boyacá, se han implementado una serie de políticas y prácticas sociales y económicas, que conllevan cambios en las formas de producción, fortalecimiento de actividades como la explotación minera y transformación en las relaciones sociales y laborales del sector. Esta situación causa una reconfiguración social del territorio y de su población, generando tensiones y manifestaciones de resistencia, que a su vez alimentan la crítica al modelo y propician la aparición de nuevos escenarios sociales y alternativas al desarrollo, basadas en la vida (biodesarrollo), en la defensa del territorio y en lo común como línea de fuga del orden establecido social y políticamente. Tanto la afectación del modelo de desarrollo en el territorio y la población rural, como la aparición de escenarios de resistencia creativa, constituyen el ejercicio de investigación que a continuación se presenta.Development is presented as an economic, political, social and cultural paradigm, which since its inception has sought to penetrate all fields of society, shaping new economic dynamics and transforming the ways of life of the population. Against this, the rurality scenario has been one of the most affected, as evidenced in the rural sector of Tenza Valley, Boyacá, have implemented a series of social and economic policies and practices, which involve changes in the Forms of production, strengthening of activities such as mining and transformation in the social and labor relations of the sector. This situation causes a social reconfiguration of the territory and its population, generating tensions and manifestations of resistance, which in turn feed the critique of the model and lead to the emergence of new social scenarios and alternatives to development, based on life (biodévelopment) In the defense of the territory and in the common thing like line of escape of the established social order and politically. Both the involvement of the development model in the territory and the rural population, as well as the appearance of scenarios of creative resistance, constitute the research exercise that is presented below

Las competencias profesionales y el desempeño laboral en los colaboradores en la gerencia de administración, Municipalidad Distrital de Tambogrande

El presente trabajo de investigación, pretende analizar la relación que existe entre las Competencias Profesionales y el Desempeño Laboral de los colaboradores de la Gerencia De Administración de la Municipalidad Distrital De Tambogrande, la investigación es de enfoque cuantitativo, diseño no experimental, nivel descriptivo-correlacional. Para analizar la variable “competencias profesionales”, se utilizó la teoría de Bunk 1994 que cuenta con 04 dimensiones (Competencia técnica, Competencia metodológica, Competencia social, Competencia participativa). Se aplicó una encuesta a una muestra de 35 colaboradores, se procesó la información en el sistema SPSS, obteniendo un coeficiente de correlación de Spearman, r=0.555, ubicado en un nivel relativamente alto, que resultó ser significativo, según se deduce de la significancia, Sig.=0.000, que resultó ser inferior a 0.05, la cual indica que existe relación directa y significativa entre la Competencias Profesionales y el Desempeño Laboral de los colaboradores de la Gerencia de Administración de la Municipalidad Distrital de Tambogrande