Taking Intellectual Property Rights Seriously: Are We In or Out? (Phase 1: Intellectual Property Awareness Among Students and Faculty: Tracking Changing Attitudes and Awareness)

The study was conducted to assess the intellectual property awareness among students and faculty was undertaken to determine attitudes, existing IP delivery, drivers seeking information, aspirations, identify unmet needs and generate suggestions to improve the IP system. A mixed method approach using both quantitative and qualitative methodologies were carried out to a prospective group of students and faculty. Data were analyzed and descriptive statistics were used and further analysis using inferential statistics were calculated to compare results. For the students, the most important and relevant topics to the study of Intellectual Property includes knowing where to find and use patent information and the most common method of delivering IP lessons was through briefing workshop on IP, followed by modules and integrating issues in the course. In order to improve IP Delivery, students noted that they prefer to give more emphasis on the overview of IP, patents, copyright, design right and plagiarism. However, students considered that they know some things about Intellectual Property but there were gaps to be filled in. Findings revealed from faculty respondents showed association of the inclusion of the understanding of disclosure and confidentiality to gender, program of students handled by faculty, and cluster where faculty belongs. Moreover, recognition for collaborative work has significant impact on program of students and academic level of faculty. Similarly, other relevant topics like exploiting ideas commercially was found to be associated also with the program of students handled by faculty. Tenure classification was indicated to be associated with understanding health and safety regulations. Results of the focus group discussion with faculty members included improvement of IP delivery and services, curriculum development to include IP education, problems on IP processing, preparation of documents for application. Keywords: intellectual property awareness, IP rights, IP perspectives and insight

Dengue una enfermedad emergente y re-emergente en América

El Dengue es una enfermedad infecciosa, producida por un arbovirus cuyo único reservorio es el hombre. El virusutiliza como vector biológico al mosquito Aedes aegypti o al mosquito Aedes albopictus. La sintomatología se presentahabitualmente como un cuadro febril denominado dengue clásico, que se caracteriza por fiebre alta de presentaciónaguda, de duración limitada (2 a 7 días), con intenso malestar general, acompañado de erupción cutánea. Puedepresentar síntomas hemorrágicos de escasa intensidad, como petequias y sangramiento gingival. El tratamiento essintomático y el paciente mejora completamente en aproximadamente 7 días. Esta forma de dengue no producemortalidad. Sin embargo, existen otras presentaciones de la enfermedad que pueden llegar a manifestaciones graves deltipo hemorrágicas con muerte, lo que se presenta en el 5% de los enfermos. El dengue es un problema creciente desalud pública, que afecta a más de 100 países en el mundo, con más de 50 millones de casos informados cada año. Loscuatro tipos de dengue, están circulando en América, donde los casos aumentaron en los últimos años en formaexplosiva. Si bien, en Chile continental no se ha documentado la existencia del mosquito vector del dengue de formaendémica, si se ha hecho en Chile Insular, más específicamente en Isla de Pascua, donde desde el año 1999, seincorporó a la lista de enfermedades de declaración obligatoria (D.S. Nº 158) estableciendo su vigilancia. Los factoresque han llevado a la emergencia de esta enfermedad son principalmente el cambio climático, que ha modificado elnicho ecológico de los mosquitos de la familia Aedes. También la urbanización, la falta de control del vector, las fallasen infraestructura básica y el pobre saneamiento ambiental. La intervención primaria de salud pública ha ido por la líneadel uso de insecticidas para el control del vector y la detección temprana de casos. No existe aún una vacuna efectiva,sin embargo, actualmente se están realizando esfuerzos en esta materia

Shower approach in the simulation of ion scattering from solids

An efficient approach for the simulation of ion scattering from solids is proposed. For every encountered atom, we take multiple samples of its thermal displacements among those which result in scattering with high probability to finally reach the detector. As a result, the detector is illuminated by intensive "showers", where each event of detection must be weighted according to the actual probability of the atom displacement. The computational cost of such simulation is orders of magnitude lower than in the direct approach and a comprehensive analysis of multiple and plural scattering effects becomes possible. We use the new method for two purposes. First, the accuracy of the approximate approaches, developed mainly for ion-beam structural analysis, is verified. Second, the possibility to reproduce a wide class of experimental conditions is used to analyze some basic features of ion-solid collisions: the role of double violent collisions in low-energy ion scattering; the origin of the "surface peak" in scattering from amorphous samples; the low-energy tail in the energy spectra of scattered medium-energy ions due to plural scattering; the degradation of blocking patterns in 2D angular distributions with increasing depth of scattering. As an example of simulation for ions of MeV energies, we verify the time-reversibility for channeling/blocking of 1 MeV protons in a W crystal. The possibilities of analysis that our approach offers may be very useful for various applications in particular for structural analysis with atomic resolution.Comment: 16 pages, 9 figures. Finally published version; large parts reformulated, Fig. 9 and references adde

Extreme Quiescent Variability of the Transient Neutron Star Low-mass X-ray Binary EXO 1745-248 in Terzan 5

EXO 1745-248 is a transient neutron-star low-mass X-ray binary that resides in the globular cluster Terzan 5. We studied the transient during its quiescent state using 18 Chandra observations of the cluster acquired between 2003 and 2016. We found an extremely variable source, with a luminosity variation in the 0.5-10 keV energy range of $\sim3$ orders of magnitude (between $3\times10^{31}$ erg s$^{-1}$ and $2\times10^{34}$ erg s$^{-1}$) on timescales from years down to only a few days. Using an absorbed power-law model to fit its quiescent spectra, we obtained a typical photon index of $\sim1.4$, indicating that the source is even harder than during outburst and much harder than typical quiescent neutron stars if their quiescent X-ray spectra are also described by a single power-law model. This indicates that EXO 1745-248 is very hard throughout the entire observed X-ray luminosity range. At the highest luminosity, the spectrum fits better when an additional (soft) component is added to the model. All these quiescent properties are likely related to strong variability in the low-level accretion rate in the system. However, its extreme variable behavior is strikingly different from the one observed for other neutron star transients that are thought to still accrete in quiescence. We compare our results to these systems. We also discuss similarities and differences between our target and the transitional millisecond pulsar IGR J18245-2452, which also has hard spectra and strong variability during quiescence.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRA

Scaling functions from q-deformed Virasoro characters

We propose a renormalization group scaling function which is constructed from q-deformed fermionic versions of Virasoro characters. By comparison with alternative methods, which take their starting point in the massive theories, we demonstrate that these new functions contain qualitatively the same information. We show that these functions allow for RG-flows not only amongst members of a particular series of conformal field theories, but also between different series such as N=0,1,2 supersymmetric conformal field theories. We provide a detailed analysis of how Weyl characters may be utilized in order to solve various recurrence relations emerging at the fixed points of these flows. The q-deformed Virasoro characters allow furthermore for the construction of particle spectra, which involve unstable pseudo-particles.Comment: 31 pages of Latex, 5 figure