Benchmark datasets for biomedical knowledge graphs with negative statements

Knowledge graphs represent facts about real-world entities. Most of these facts are defined as positive statements. The negative statements are scarce but highly relevant under the open-world assumption. Furthermore, they have been demonstrated to improve the performance of several applications, namely in the biomedical domain. However, no benchmark dataset supports the evaluation of the methods that consider these negative statements. We present a collection of datasets for three relation prediction tasks - protein-protein interaction prediction, gene-disease association prediction and disease prediction - that aim at circumventing the difficulties in building benchmarks for knowledge graphs with negative statements. These datasets include data from two successful biomedical ontologies, Gene Ontology and Human Phenotype Ontology, enriched with negative statements. We also generate knowledge graph embeddings for each dataset with two popular path-based methods and evaluate the performance in each task. The results show that the negative statements can improve the performance of knowledge graph embeddings

Composing music with case-based reasoning

Comunicação apresentada na International Conference on Computational Models of Creative Cognition, Dublin, 1997.Music is one of the most intriguing and joyful domain of research and analysis. Driven by this insatiable curiosity, Musical Analysis has emerged to formally understand and structure music and its intrinsic intention and causality. Each complete analysis of a piece points to issues that go far beyond the normal graphical music representation. A better analysis is important not only to a better interpretation, but also to a more perfect composition. An exceptional composer is indeed an exceptional analyst. This paper presents a computational approach to music composition through the use and exploration of musical analysis. Centered on Case-Based Reasoning and Planning techniques, it consists on creating new solutions by keeping, transforming and extrapolating knowledge from already expert-made music analysis. For our approach, each analysis is represented as a precisely structured Case, divisible into all of its components. The process of composition we adopt is progressive, left-to-right, and top-to-bottom and has some similarities with (Wallas’ 1926) theory for creative production (Macedo et al. 1996a) which we adapted for this specifically structured and complex domain. The resulting implemented program has already generated several different musical pieces, which were examined and analyzed by experts, bringing up precious questions and advice

Explainable Representations for Relation Prediction in Knowledge Graphs

Knowledge graphs represent real-world entities and their relations in a semantically-rich structure supported by ontologies. Exploring this data with machine learning methods often relies on knowledge graph embeddings, which produce latent representations of entities that preserve structural and local graph neighbourhood properties, but sacrifice explainability. However, in tasks such as link or relation prediction, understanding which specific features better explain a relation is crucial to support complex or critical applications. We propose SEEK, a novel approach for explainable representations to support relation prediction in knowledge graphs. It is based on identifying relevant shared semantic aspects (i.e., subgraphs) between entities and learning representations for each subgraph, producing a multi-faceted and explainable representation. We evaluate SEEK on two real-world highly complex relation prediction tasks: protein-protein interaction prediction and gene-disease association prediction. Our extensive analysis using established benchmarks demonstrates that SEEK achieves significantly better performance than standard learning representation methods while identifying both sufficient and necessary explanations based on shared semantic aspects.Comment: 16 pages, 3 figure

Budgetary restrictions and ethical behaviours in a hospital context : evidence from general surgeons

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study how budgetary constraints can have ethical implications on patient treatment options. Design/methodology/approach – By applying a qualitative methodological approach (interviews) and participant observation, this paper studies the behaviour of surgeons in scenarios of financial restriction. Findings – The empirical findings show that despite the conflict between the economy and the leges artis, surgeons maintain the ethical and deontological principles of their profession with fair rules of orientation. Practical implications – The importance of this study can be realised by its continuity. One of the authors is already implicated on a wider research to investigate the influence of the economic scarcity of resources on general surgeons’ ethical behaviours. Social implications – This paper is a contribution to understanding the rules that restrain the activities of surgeons. Politicians sometimes do not have a full understanding of the pressures that the medical profession faces in their day-to-day activities. Currently, with the addition of problems relate to COVID-19, politicians and populations seem to better understand the importance of the Serviço Nacional de Saúde (SNS), This paper hopes that this understanding will be not only a conjectural moment. Originality/value – In conjunction with the economic recession that began in the first decade of this century, health institutions have long faced budgetary constraints that condition their material and human resources and correspondingly shape the scope of health professional activities. Until now, it has not been studied the impact of economic crises on the ethical behaviour of Portuguese surgeons. Therefore, this research is a first step and a useful contribution to understanding the rules that can restrain (or not) the ethical conduct of these health professionals.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Wireless High Sustainable Growth

This is an equity research on Verizon Communications. Verizon is a telecommunication company that operates mainly in the US, being one of the leaders of this market. Moreover, the company’s revenue is primarily driven by its wireless service, which represents around 70% of its total revenues.Moreover, we are also presenting an overview of the company’s business, the industry of telecommunications, the financial performance of the company and the risks our valuation may face

How can customer experience improve retail operations sustainability?

Trabalho apresentado em 3rd International Conference on Quality Innovation and Sustainability – ICQIS2022, 3-4 maio 2022, Aveiro, Portugal.Consumer needs drive supply chains, so they are arguably the main actors in the process. Nonetheless, consumers are unaware of their ability to con tribute to stock management and the sustainability of retail operations, from the reduction of stockouts and waste to the minimization of energy-environmental impacts, through the centralization of stock in distribution and consolidation of last mile delivery in pooling systems. For this to happen, companies must provide channels that allow consumers to actively participate in the process and negotiate delivery times and prices through sustainable purchase options, through a crowdsourcing strategy in phygital stores. This paper explores two alternative strategies, maintaining or changing the current physical retail business model, based on the increase in online commerce and the use of mobile devices and ap plications in the purchase process. The first is applied in physical stores in a gam ing context through a consumer-facing augmented reality mobile application that rewards users for identifying stockouts and informing the need to replace prod ucts in the shelves. The second involves the transformation of physical stores into a showroom format, where desired products are read through a QR Code or using artificial intelligence through a mobile application, in which virtual shopping carts are created and deliveries can be fulfilled via home distribution centers, col lection points or drive-inN/

Estudo dos processos de recuperação de pneus e melhoria do processo de avaliação da limpeza industrial

O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido durante um período de estágio, em contexto industrial, na empresa Continental Mabor – Indústria de Pneus, S.A., incorporado na Direção de Engenharia Industrial e surge pela necessidade de se efetuar um estudo aos processos de Recuperação de pneus (vulcanizados) e de melhorar o processo de avaliação das limpezas industriais. O estudo aos processos de Recuperação de pneus teve como principal objetivo a determinação e atualização dos tempos-padrão dos respetivos processos, os quais foram obtidos através da análise de métodos e estudo dos tempos. A atualização dos tempos-padrão permitirá quantificar com maior precisão a capacidade e eficiência dos processos, assim como as necessidades de mão-de-obra e de equipamentos, atividades pelas quais a Direção de Engenharia Industrial é responsável. Foram determinados os tempos-padrão dos quatro tipos de processos de Recuperação de Pneus existentes na empresa, com um nível de confiança de 95% e um erro de 10%. O estudo desenvolvido envolveu a condução de uma metodologia para a obtenção desses tempos, a qual permitiu ter em consideração e pesar todas as variantes existentes dentro de cada processo. A melhoria do processo de avaliação das limpezas industriais teve como objetivo uma redução significativa do tempo despendido pelos técnicos que a efetuam. Para o efeito foi desenvolvida uma solução em linguagem Visual Basic for Aplications (VBA) e que foi incorporada nas atuais ferramentas (MS Excel®) que servem de suporte a este processo. A solução implementada permitiu alcançar o ganho de tempo atribuído à execução deste processo de 25,9% e um ganho de tempo diário total na carga de trabalho destes trabalhadores de 12,27%.The present work was developed during an internship period, in an industrial context, carried out in the company Continental Mabor – Indústria de Pneus, S.A., incorporated in the Board Unit of Industrial Engineering and arises from the need to carry out a study on the processes of tire recovery (vulcanized) and to improve the evaluation of industrial cleaning process. Tire recovery processes study had as main objective the determination and updating of the standard times of the respective processes, which were obtained through the analysis of methods and time study. The updating of the standard times will allow to quantify with greater precision the capacity and efficiency of the processes as well as the needs of manpower and equipment, activities for which the Directorate of Industrial Engineering is responsible. The standard times of the four types of Tire Recovery processes in the company were determined, with a confidence level of 95% and a 10% error. The study involved the conduction of a methodology to obtain these times which allowed to take into consideration and to weigh all the variants existing within each process. The improvement of the evaluation of industrial cleaning process had as goal a significant reduction of the time spent by the technicians who carry it out. For this purpose, a Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) language solution was developed and incorporated into the current MS Excel® tools that support this process. The implemented solution allowed to achieve the gain of time attributed to the execution of this process of 25.9% and a total daily time gain in the workload of these workers of 12.27%

Desenvolvimento do produto X para doentes oncológicos

Em Portugal, são diagnosticados, anualmente, entre 40 a 45 mil novos casos de cancro. Esta incidência é semelhante à que é observada nos restantes países da União Europeia e tem vindo a aumentar, nas últimas décadas. A prevalência de desnutrição em doentes oncológicos é muito elevada e está associada à diminuição da resposta aos tratamentos e qualidade de vida. O objectivo deste trabalho residiu na elaboração de um gelado hipercalórico e hiperproteico para doentes oncológicos, um gelado com uma composição nutricional adequada para melhorar ou manter o estado nutricional de doentes desnutridos ou em risco de desnutrição. Elaboraram-se quatro diferentes formulações de gelado de morango (A, B, C e D) que foram avaliadas, quantitativamente e qualitativamente, através de análise sensorial. Não se verificaram diferenças significativas entre os parâmetros avaliados para as quatro formulações, à excepção do parâmetro intensidade do frio. Apesar disso, através do cálculo do índice de aceitabilidade, as formulações dos gelados A e C foram as mais aceites pelos provadores. Posteriormente, procedeu-se à comparação, por análise sensorial, entre as formulações mais aceites e um suplemento líquido hipercalórico e hiperproteico de morango, já existente no mercado. Como resultado verificou-se que a maioria dos provadores considera os gelados como preferidos, para um maior número de parâmetros. A formulação de gelado C foi preferida por 70% dos provadores quando comparada com o suplemento líquido. Assim, conseguiu-se não só elaborar um gelado hipercalórico e hiperproteico, como também obter um produto com características que o tornam favorito, em relação a um produto muito semelhante e já existente no mercado

Modificações genitais femininas: mutilação vs cirurgia

Dissertação de mestrado em Crime, Diferença e DesigualdadeApesar de ser uma prática já com muitos anos, motivo de vários estudos e de diversas tentativas de a banir, a Mutilação Genital Feminina (MGF), como todos os fenómenos sociais, está em constante mudança. É neste sentido que surge o interesse por este tema. A ideia não é expor, mais uma vez, os problemas associados especificamente a este fenómeno, mas antes focar as diversas práticas que compõem todo o tipo de modificações genitais. Não está em causa apenas aquilo que se convencionou designar por MGF, mas também outras práticas que aos olhos “Ocidentais”, ao contrário da primeira, são legais e aceitáveis socialmente, ou seja, as chamadas Cirurgias Estéticas Genitais Femininas (CEGF). Com isto pretendo percecionar como são encarados estes dois atos que têm como única finalidade a modificação genital não terapêutica. Relativamente à metodologia adotada esta terá várias componentes. Inicialmente será feita uma análise de conteúdo de revistas e jornais que se refiram aos temas em questão, sendo esta parte de cariz essencialmente exploratório. Uma segunda fase será apoiada na metodologia qualitativa aplicando entrevistas, semi-estruturadas, a alguns cirurgiões da estética íntima.Even though this is a many years old practice, reason for several studies and attempts to ban it, the Female Genital Mutilation, like every social phenomenon, is in constant change. It is in this spirit that came the interest for this theme. The idea is not to expose, once again, the problems specifically associated with this phenomenon, but to focus on the different types of genital modification being performed. The common convention that we designate by FGM is not the only subject in question but also the other practice, which the “Occidental” eyes see as legal and socially acceptable, called Female Genital Aesthetic Surgery (FGAS). This work/writing is intended to distinguish how this two acts are perceived since they have the same none therapeutically genital modification. The methodology used will have several stages. A magazine and newspaper content analysis, which refers to the subjects in question, will be initially made having an exploratory nature in mind. As the second stage will be supported by qualitative methodologies, applying semi-structured interviews to some surgeons expert in Female Genital Surgery procedures and if possible some clients