Influence de la bisabolangélone, un antiappétant sesquiterpénoïde, sur le développement des chenilles de Mythimna (Pseudaletia) unipuncta Haw. (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)

International audienc

Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use in early acute respiratory distress syndrome : Insights from the LUNG SAFE study

Publisher Copyright: © 2020 The Author(s). Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Background: Concerns exist regarding the prevalence and impact of unnecessary oxygen use in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We examined this issue in patients with ARDS enrolled in the Large observational study to UNderstand the Global impact of Severe Acute respiratory FailurE (LUNG SAFE) study. Methods: In this secondary analysis of the LUNG SAFE study, we wished to determine the prevalence and the outcomes associated with hyperoxemia on day 1, sustained hyperoxemia, and excessive oxygen use in patients with early ARDS. Patients who fulfilled criteria of ARDS on day 1 and day 2 of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure were categorized based on the presence of hyperoxemia (PaO2 > 100 mmHg) on day 1, sustained (i.e., present on day 1 and day 2) hyperoxemia, or excessive oxygen use (FIO2 ≥ 0.60 during hyperoxemia). Results: Of 2005 patients that met the inclusion criteria, 131 (6.5%) were hypoxemic (PaO2 < 55 mmHg), 607 (30%) had hyperoxemia on day 1, and 250 (12%) had sustained hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use occurred in 400 (66%) out of 607 patients with hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use decreased from day 1 to day 2 of ARDS, with most hyperoxemic patients on day 2 receiving relatively low FIO2. Multivariate analyses found no independent relationship between day 1 hyperoxemia, sustained hyperoxemia, or excess FIO2 use and adverse clinical outcomes. Mortality was 42% in patients with excess FIO2 use, compared to 39% in a propensity-matched sample of normoxemic (PaO2 55-100 mmHg) patients (P = 0.47). Conclusions: Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use are both prevalent in early ARDS but are most often non-sustained. No relationship was found between hyperoxemia or excessive oxygen use and patient outcome in this cohort. Trial registration: LUNG-SAFE is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02010073publishersversionPeer reviewe

TMS-ent-Bisabolangelone

The absolute configuration of bisabolangelone has been established by an eleven step total synthesis of the corresponding TMS protected antipode starting from R-(+)-pulegone. Comparison of the TMS-derivatives by GC on a chiral column, allowed us to assign the absolute configuration of the synthetic compound and thus of the corresponding natural product

Substances antiappetantes pour insectes phytophages : synthese totale de la bisabolangelone

SIGLECNRS T Bordereau / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc

Water-promoted chlorination of 2-mercaptobenzothiazoles

Substituted benzothiazoles play an important role in medicinal chemistry due to their pharmacological properties. Their 2-substituted derivatives are often prepared from 2-chlorobenzothiazoles, which in turn can be made from the 2-mercapto precursor using sulfuryl chloride. In practice, this seemingly straightforward, and widely used reaction can be impeded by poor reproducibility and reaction yields. In this communication we report the importance of acid as catalyst for the parent reaction. The addition of water to the reaction mixture represents a facile and practical method for generating acid in situ. This simple solution reproducibly ensured excellent yields of a variety of chlorinated products

Using a Johnson-Claisen Rearrangement Strategy to Construct Azaindoles – A Streamlined and Concise Route for the Commercial Process of Fevipiprant

Abstract: A novel and concise synthesis towards DP2 receptor antagonist Fevipiprant (NVS-QAW039) was developed. The initial research route was suffering from lengthy access to the functionalized 7-aza-indole core followed by a low selective N(1)-alkylation with the benzyl side chain. These limitations were overcome by introducing the side chain early via reductive amination between the functionalized aldehyde and 2-amino-3-bromopyridine. Sonogashira coupling with prop-2-yn-1-ol introduces the 3 missing carbon atoms to build the 7-aza-indole core and sets the stage for the innovative Johnson-Claisen key step. Reaction of the advanced propargylic alcohol derivative with trimethyl orthoacetate leads to a reactive allene intermediate that spontaneously and selectively cyclizes to the 7-aza-indole QAW039-methly ester. QAW039 is isolated after ester saponification. Selectivity, yield, and ecological footprint of the new synthesis were significantly improved, and scalability was demonstrated

Prise en charge de première intention du couple infertile : mise à jour des RPC 2010 du CNGOF

Objective: To update the 2010 CNGOF clinical practice guidelines for the first-line management of infertile couples.Materials and methods: Five major themes (first-line assessment of the infertile woman, first-line assessment of the infertile man, prevention of exposure to environmental factors, initial management using ovulation induction regimens, first-line reproductive surgery) were identified, enabling 28 questions to be formulated using the Patients, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome (PICO) format. Each question was addressed by a working group that had carried out a systematic review of the literature since 2010, and followed the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE®) methodology to assess the quality of the scientific data on which the recommendations were based. These recommendations were then validated during a national review by 40 national experts.Results: The fertility work-up is recommended to be prescribed according to the woman's age: after one year of infertility before the age of 35 and after 6months after the age of 35. A couple's initial infertility work-up includes a single 3D ultrasound scan with antral follicle count, assessment of tubal permeability by hysterography or HyFOSy, anti-Mullerian hormone assay prior to assisted reproduction, and vaginal swabbing for vaginosis. If the 3D ultrasound is normal, hysterosonography and diagnostic hysteroscopy are not recommended as first-line procedures. Chlamydia trachomatis serology does not have the necessary performance to predict tubal patency. Post-coital testing is no longer recommended. In men, spermogram, spermocytogram and spermoculture are recommended as first-line tests. If the spermogram is normal, it is not recommended to check the spermogram. If the spermogram is abnormal, an examination by an andrologist, an ultrasound scan of the testicles and hormonal test are recommended. Based on the data in the literature, we are unable to recommend a BMI threshold for women that would contraindicate medical management of infertility. A well-balanced Mediterranean-style diet, physical activity and the cessation of smoking and cannabis are recommended for infertile couples. For fertility concern, it is recommended to limit alcohol consumption to less than 5 glasses a week. If the infertility work-up reveals no abnormalities, ovulation induction is not recommended for normo-ovulatory women. If intrauterine insemination is indicated based on an abnormal infertility work-up, gonadotropin stimulation and ovulation monitoring are recommended to avoid multiple pregnancies. If the infertility work-up reveals no abnormality, laparoscopy is probably recommended before the age of 30 to increase natural pregnancy rates. In the case of hydrosalpinx, surgical management is recommended prior to ART, with either salpingotomy or salpingectomy depending on the tubal score. It is recommended to operate on polyps>10mm, myomas 0, 1, 2 and synechiae prior to ART. The data in the literature do not allow us to systematically recommend asymptomatic uterine septa and isthmoceles as first-line surgery.Conclusion: Based on strong agreement between experts, we have been able to formulate updated recommendations in 28 areas concerning the initial management of infertile couples