THE IMPLICATION OF BEHAVIOURISM THEORY IN TEACHING GRAMMAR FOR ELEMENTARY STUDENTS

This paper attempts to discuss the implication of behaviorism theory in teaching grammar for elementary students. The behaviorism theory focused on the direct learning.Typical behavioristic models were Substitution Drills, Segmented Teaching, Modeling, Other behaviorist techniques. The elementary students are active and able to understand the meaning without understanding particular words. Teaching Grammar is not directly taught in the classroom, but the teacher integrates with vocabulary in statement, such as communicative question.We can conclude that in behaviorism theory can help to develop students to learn grammar in the foreign language, not by teaching grammar directly, but by imitating, repeatating also drilling

Programs for Children the Neglected World

What do children watch on Indonesian television? This article tries to answer this question in the conviction that TV shows made for children require an understanding of their needs in order to grow, motorically, cognitively, psychologically, socially, and culturally. From my own fieldwork and research done on the data provided by my informants, I found that on television during the time slot set for children there are shows that are not intended for children to watch. I also found that children enjoy two favourite television shows in Indonesia the most, which are not programs designated for children. The conclusion is that Indonesian television pays little attention to children\u27s needs, and children are neglected

Trust and Social Capital of Patients in Engkong Traditional Medicine in Binjai City

Health is the most important indicator for every human, when a person is declared healthy, all his activities will run well. If you look at health services in Indonesia, it shows there is a combination of modern medicine and traditional medicine. This research was conducted to interpret how social capital as a traditional treatment strategy engkong with the actions of people who choose decisions in curing diseases. On the other hand, it is also to describe that there is no coercion of a person to practice traditional medicine. The method used descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection techniques are carried out by observation, in-depth interviews and relevant literature studies. The results of the study can be  concluded the contribution of trust and social capital to patients is useful in traditional medicine and can also maintain the existence of traditional medicine. With the social capital in traditional engkong medicine in Binjai City, it will make it very easier for the surrounding community to carry out traditional healing, with the therapeutic kusuk technique carried out by Engkong doesn’t produce side effects in the future. The most powerful social capital influence is the existence of networks and beliefs while those with weak influences are social values and norms

ANALISIS KINERJA DISTRIBUSI INSTALASI PENGOLAHAN AIR (IPA) (STUDI KASUS IPA DAERAH PEJOMPONGAN I)

Air adalah zat yang paling penting dalam kehidupan setelah udara, ¾ bagian tubuh kita terdiri dari air dan tidak seorangpun dapat bertahan hidup lebih dari 4-5 hari tanpa minum air. Di samping itu air juga dipergunakan untuk memasak, mencuci, mandi dan membersihkan kotoran yang ada di sekitar rumah,untuk keperluan industri, pertanian, pemadam kebakaran, tempat rekreasi, transportasi. Peningkatan jumlah penduduk di tiap tahunnya mengakibatkan kebutuhan air bersih yang digunakan tiap hari semakin meningkat. Tentu saja peningkatan kebutuhan air bersih tersebut mempengaruhi ketersediaan air bersih yang berhasil diolah. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air bersih tersebut, perlu dilakukan evaluasi dan analisis terhadap kondisi instalasi pengolahan air yang saat ini dengan meninjau aspek teknis dan finansial dari instalasi tersebut. Aspek teknik yang ditinjau adalah evaluasi kondisi unit-unit pengolahan kondisi eksisting terhadap  standar kriteriadesain, analisis kapasitas unit-unit pengolahan terhadap kebutuhan air hingga 20 tahun mendatang(Q20th) serta evaluasi kualitas air produksi terhadap standar Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan RI No. 492/Menkes/Per/IV/2010Sedangkan aspek finansial yang ditinjau adalah analisis pengaruh biaya produksi dan penjualan air bersih terhadap laba kotor IPA Pejompongan I. Variabel yang dikendalikan adalah biaya produksi seperti biaya sumber air bersih dan biaya pengolahan air bersih, biaya penjualan air bersih dan laba kotor. Dalam upaya meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan, diperlukan suatu evaluasi terhadap instalasi pengolahan air agar masalah tersebut dapat dikendalikan.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kondisi eksisting IPA Pejompongan I ditinjau dari aspek teknis, seperti: Memproyeksikan pertumbuhan penduduk di wilayah pelayanan IPA hingga 20 tahun, mengetahui kebutuhan air bersih, menganalisis kapasitas unit instalasi pengolahan air berdasarkan kriteria desain, mengevaluasi kapasitas unit pengolahan air, mengevaluasi kinerja air baku sesuai standar  PP 82/2001, mengevaluasi kinerja air hasil produksi sesuai standar Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan RI No. 492/Menkes/Per/IV/2010, dan mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh biaya sumber air bersih, biaya pengolahan air dan hasil penjualan air bersih terhadap laba kotor yang diterima oleh IPA PJ

Digital multiplexed mRNA analysis of functionally important genes in single human oocytes and correlation of changes in transcript levels with oocyte protein expression

Objective To investigate functionally important transcripts in single human oocytes with the use of NanoString technology and determine whether observed differences are biologically meaningful. Design Analysis of human oocytes with the use of NanoString and immunoblotting. Setting University-affiliated reproductive medicine unit. Patients Women undergoing in vitro fertilization. Intervention Human oocytes were analyzed with the use of NanoString or immunoblotting. Main Outcome Measures The abundance of transcripts for ten functionally important genes—AURKA, AURKC, BUB1, BUB1B (encoding BubR1), CDK1, CHEK1, FYN, MOS, MAP2K1, and WEE2—and six functionally dispensable genes were analyzed with the use of NanoString. BubR1 protein levels in oocytes from younger and older women were compared with the use of immunoblotting. Result(s) All ten functional genes but none of the six dispensable genes were detectable with the use of NanoString in single oocytes. There was 3- to 5-fold variation in BUB1, BUB1B, and CDK1 transcript abundance among individual oocytes from a single patient. Transcripts for these three genes—all players within the spindle assembly checkpoint surveillance mechanism for preventing aneuploidy—were reduced in the same oocyte from an older patient. Mean BUB1B transcripts were reduced by 1.5-fold with aging and associated with marked reductions in BubR1 protein levels. Conclusion(s) The abundance of functionally important transcripts exhibit marked oocyte-to-oocyte heterogeneity to a degree that is sufficient to affect protein expression. Observed variations in transcript abundance are therefore likely to be biologically meaningful, especially if multiple genes within the same pathway are simultaneously affected

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI STRUKTUR MODAL PADA PERUSAHAAN ASURANSI YANG GO PUBLIK DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA

Dalam menghadapi persaingan dalam era globalisasi saat ini setiap perusahaan dituntut untuk dapat melakukan pengelolaan terhadap fungsi-fungsi penting yang ada dalam perusahaan secara efektif dan efisien sehingga perusahaan dapat lebih unggul dalam persaingan yang dihadapi. Tujuan utama perussahaan yang mencari keuntungan biasanya mengutamakan keuntungan bagi pemiliknya atau pemegang saham, pemegang saham dengan membeli saham berarti mengharapkan return tertentu dengan resiko minimal. Dalam konteks ini pengertian pembelanjaan adalah dalam artian sempit karena hanya menyangkut masalah pemenuhan kebutuhan dana intern yang berasal dari laba ditahan akan memperkuat posisi keuangan perusahaan dalam menghadapi kesulitan keuangan di waktu-waktu mendatang. Bagian keuntungan yang tidak dibagikan kepada pemilik perusahaan, dapat digunakan untuk menambah modal kerja ataupun untuk membelanjai ekspansi perusahaan sebagai cadangan untuk menghadapi kerugian-kerugian yang akan timbul diwaktu yang akan datang, akan dapat digunakan untuk melunasi utang perusahaan, dapat digunakan untuk menambah modal kerja ataupun untuk membelanjai ekspansi perusahaan di waktu yang akan datang. Populasi penelitian ini data laporan keuangan perusahaan jasa asuransi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2008 sampai 2010, tercatat sebanyak 7 perusahaan, dengan sempelnya berjumlah 7 perusahaan. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian yang dilakukan diketahui bahwa terdapat pengaruh signifikan antara ukuran perusahaan dan profitabilitas terhadap struktur modal. Keywords : ukuran perusahaan, resiko bisnis, tingkat likuiditas, profitabilitas

Peningkatan Penalaran Dan Hasil Belajar Menggunakan Media Macromedia Flash Pada Siswa Kelas Viiid SMP Negeri 1 Geyer Tahun Ajaran 2015/2016

This study aimstodetermine the increaseof mathematicalreasoning andlearning outcomes of studentswith Macromedia Flashmedia. The subject ofthe action recipient sarestudents of class VIII D SMPN 1 Geyernumbered 28students, teachersactas subjectsgiveraction, the researcheras an observer. The research methodis done bycollecting data through observation, interviews, tests, field notes, anddocumentation. Data analysis techniques inthe studycarried outbythe flowmethod, including data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. Research datashows the increaseof mathematical reasoning andlearning outcomes. Increase dreasoning and student learning outcomescan be seenfrom1) shows thedata manipulationbeforeactionof13 students(46.43%) in the first cycleto 19students (67.58%) increasedthe second cycleto 25students (89.286%), 2) the ability to explainideasand statements ofmathematics beforeactionof 10 students(35.714%) inthe first cycle to12 students (42.875%) andincreasethe second cycleto 23students (82.143%), 3) the abilityto draw conclusions before the actionof 6 students(21.429%) the first cycle to10students (35.714%) and increase the second cycleto 25students (89.286%), 4) the ability of studentstowork onself-test completed KKM befor eaction of 12 students(42.857%), the first cycle to19 students (67.857%) and increas ethe second cycleto 28 students (100%) afterthe action. The conclusion of this studyis toimprove themedia Macro media Flas hre asoning and mathematics learning ou tcome