1,099 research outputs found
Vibration-based adaptive novelty detection method for monitoring faults in a kinematic chain
Postprint (published version
Práctica de diseño hardware/software de un robot móvil con interfaces inalámbricas
En el presente artículo se describe una práctica de
laboratorio multitarea en el ámbito de las asignaturas
de sistemas empotrados en los grados de Ingeniería
Informática, mediante una metodología de gestión de
proyectos basada en Kanban. La práctica abarca
diferentes familias de microcontroladores de distintos
niveles de dificultad de programación, lectura de
diferentes tipos de sensores con distintas interfaces,
comunicación inalámbrica y control de motores.
Esta práctica se enfoca como la elaboración de un
proyecto en el que los alumnos han de ir realizando
mediante tareas que inicialmente se planifican utilizando
la metodología Kanban. En concreto, el desarrollo
de la práctica se basa en la elaboración de un
robot móvil controlado remotamente y de forma
inalámbrica. El sistema de divide en tres partes: el
dispositivo de control que cuenta con un microcontrolador
tipo Arduino y dos joysticks analógicos como
interfaz de usuario, el robot móvil que utiliza un
microcontrolador STM32 con un RTOS (Real Time
Operating System) con el que se realiza la lectura de
los diferentes sensores que irán embarcados en el
robot además de manejar el controlador de motores
para un motor DC para la velocidad y un servo para
el control de la dirección. Para la comunicación
inalámbrica se utilizan módulos de radio de 2.4GHz
de la familia XBee Pro Serie Z2B.
Por último, se diseñará una aplicación software de
escritorio bajo un sistema operativo Windows escrita
en lenguaje C# utilizando .NET Framework y WPF
(Windows Presentation Foundation), que mostrará la
información que el robot envía de cada uno de sus
sensores. El PC donde está alojada la aplicación tiene
conectado un módulo XBee, anteriormente mencionado,
con el que se comunica mediante una conexión
serie virtual (VCP).
Para implementar la metodología Kanban se hará
uso de una herramienta online y gratuita llamada
Trello que permite la creación de diferentes tableros
en el que ir añadiendo tareas (mediante tarjetas) e irlas moviendo entre las diferentes columnas según el
estado de ésta. A cada tarea se le puede añadir uno o
más participantes además de ponerle una fecha de
vencimiento entre otras opciones.
En el desarrollo de este tipo de prácticas se añade
la dificultad del manejo de diferentes entornos de
desarrollo, uno por cada tipo de microcontrolador y el
de la aplicación software. Esta práctica se ha dividido
en varias sesiones y ha presentado un gran atractivo
para el alumnado ya que se consigue un sistema
funcional y muy ampliable al final de estas.This paper presents a laboratory session of embedded
systems imparted in the Computer Science degree
using Kanban, a project management methodology. In
the laboratory session different microcontroller families
are used for reading several sensor types, wireless
communications and motor control.
This session is focused like a project in which the
students have to complete the task previously described
using Kanban. The project consist on implementing
a mobile robot that is handled using a wireless
controller. The system is divided in three parts:
the controller device that is designed using an Arduino
microcontroller to read two analogical joysticks
used by the user, the mobile robot that uses a STM32
microcontroller with a RTOS (Real Time Operating
System) to read the sensors attached to the robot and
to handle the motor controller for a DC motor to
control the velocity and, finally, a servo motor to
change the robot direction. Some 2.4GHz radio
modules of the XBee Pro Serie Z2B are used to
implement the wireless communication.
Finally a C# WPF Windows application is implemented
using .NET framework, which collects the
information from on-board sensors. An XBee module
is plugged in the computer where the application runs
using a virtual communication port (VCP).
To plan the project under the Kanban methodology,
an online free tool called Trello is used. Trello lets the user create different panels in which cards can be
added and moved between different columns that
denote the state of each card. Cards allow to add
several participants and a due date.
In this laboratory session the students have to learn
several development environments which presents an
extra difficulty. The laboratory session has been
divided in several practical sessions and the students
have been very motivated during every of them
because at the end they obtain a functional robot
which can be extended with new sensors
Deletion of GPIHBP1 causing severe chylomicronemia
Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is a hydrolase that cleaves circulating triglycerides to release fatty acids to the surrounding tissues. The enzyme is synthesized in parenchymal cells and is transported to its site of action on the capillary endothelium by glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored high-density lipoprotein-binding protein 1 (GPIHBP1). Inactivating mutations in LPL; in its cofactor, apolipoprotein (Apo) C2; or in GPIHBP1 cause severe hypertriglyceridemia. Here we describe an individual with complete deficiency of GPIHBP1. The proband was an Asian Indian boy who had severe chylomicronemia at 2 months of age. Array-based copy-number analysis of his genomic DNA revealed homozygosity for a 17.5-kb deletion that included GPIHBP1. A 44-year-old aunt with a history of hypertriglyceridemia and pancreatitis was also homozygous for the deletion. A bolus of intravenously administered heparin caused a rapid increase in circulating LPL and decreased plasma triglyceride levels in control individuals but not in two GPIHBP1-deficient patients. Thus, short-term treatment with heparin failed to attenuate the hypertriglyceridemia in patients with GPIHBP1 deficiency. The increasing resolution of copy number microarrays and their widespread adoption for routine cytogenetic analysis is likely to reveal a greater role for submicroscopic deletions in Mendelian conditions. We describe the first neonate with complete GPIHBP1 deficiency due to homozygosity for a deletion of GPIHBP1
Dual purpose cattle production systems and the challenges of the tropics of Mexico
Short and medium term constraints on beef and milk production in Mexico are analyzed, as are some biological and economic characteristics and advantages of dual purpose cattle production systems (DPS) in the Mexican tropics. Available resources, such as soil, water, forages, cheap by-product feeds, and the existing animal population, could be managed to increase milk production from DPS and double their proportional contribution to the national milk supply. Milk production from DPS is cheaper than that from other intensive systems in use in Mexico. However, DPS face several challenges, such as lack of information about costs and bioeconomical benefits from different proposed technologies. Some relevant examples are discussed in relation to certain public policies either suggested or applied, such as changes in land use to accommodate an increased animal population needed to satisfy the demand for animal products in urban areas. Greater production could also be achieved by improving nutritional and reproductive management of the herds. Another matter discussed is the lack of harmony between animal genetic and feed resources and the biological and economic consequences thereof. Finally, to avoid negative environmental effects and take optimal advantage of DPS potential, the integration of a technological package, based on utilization of regional resources and nutrient recycling plus improved efficiency of nutrient utilization through the use of crossbred animals, is suggested. (Spanish
EEMD-MUSIC-Based Analysis for Natural Frequencies Identification of Structures Using Artificial and Natural Excitations
This paper presents a new EEMD-MUSIC- (ensemble empirical mode decomposition-multiple signal classification-) based methodology to identify modal frequencies in structures ranging from free and ambient vibration signals produced by artificial and natural excitations and also considering several factors as nonstationary effects, close modal frequencies, and noisy environments, which are common situations where several techniques reported in literature fail. The EEMD and MUSIC methods are used to decompose the vibration signal into a set of IMFs (intrinsic mode functions) and to identify the natural frequencies of a structure, respectively. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology has been validated and tested with synthetic signals and under real operating conditions. The experiments are focused on extracting the natural frequencies of a truss-type scaled structure and of a bridge used for both highway traffic and pedestrians. Results show the proposed methodology as a suitable solution for natural frequencies identification of structures from free and ambient vibration signals
Práctica de desarrollo de interfaces hardware/software para la monitorización del estado de un PC
Este artículo presenta una práctica laboratorio impartida
mediante una metodología de aprendizaje basado
en proyectos (ABP) [1] para dotar de la capacidad de
diseñar y desarrollar un monitor del estado de un
ordenador, integrado en un sistema empotrado que se
comunica con una aplicación de escritorio, a nuestros
alumnos de la asignatura de Diseño de Microcontroladores
(DM) en el contexto del Máster en Ingeniería
de Computadores y Redes.
Esta práctica abarca la comunicación Hardware/
Software entre un microcontrolador con un núcleo
Cortex-M4 y una aplicación software escrita en
lenguaje C# usando el entorno Visual Studio Community
2015 a través de puertos series virtuales
(VCP). Esta práctica está enfocada como un proyecto
que los alumnos han de ir realizando desde cero,
avanzando mediante la consecución de hitos, hasta
conseguir obtener un sistema final. El sistema a
desarrollar se divide en dos partes, por un lado tenemos
un PC con un sistema operativo de la familia
Windows, en el que se construye una aplicación
visual mediante Windows Forms, la cual obtiene
información del sistema de forma periódica y la envía
al microcontrolador mediante comandos usando el
puerto serie (USB o comunicación Bluetooth). Por
otro lado tenemos un microcontrolador de la familia
STM32 que dispone de un display LCD ejecutando
una plataforma completamente libre, .NET Micro
Framework, la cual recibe a través del puerto serie la
información obtenida gracias a la aplicación software
del PC y la muestra en la pantalla, obteniendo así una
herramienta de monitorización del PC sin tener que
estar conectado físicamente a éste.
El desarrollo de este tipo de proyectos se añade la
dificultad de la necesidad del uso de diferentes
herramientas para el desarrollo del firmware y del
software en paralelo, de manera incremental, y
enfocadas para ámbitos de uso muy distintos.
Esta práctica ha tenido una gran acogida por parte de los alumnos, ya que les ha servido de ejemplo del
desarrollo de firmware para un microcontrolador
usando la plataforma .NET MF y de su comunicación
con el PC por medio de una aplicación visual.This manuscript presents a practical laboratory session
imparted using a project-based learning methodology
(PBL) to provide the capacity of designing and
developing a computer status monitoring device,
integrated in an embedded system that communicates
with a desktop software tool, to our students in the
Computer Engineering Master’s Degree.
This practice session encompasses Hardware/
Software communication between a microcontroller
with a Cortex-M4 kernel and a desktop software
application through virtual COM ports (VCP)
written in C# using Visual Studio Community 2015.
This lab session is focused as a project that students
must be making from scratch by achieving and completing
some milestones to obtain a final functional
system. The project is divided into two different parts.
First, we have a Windows PC where a visual software
application that gathers information from the system
and sends it periodically to the microcontroller (USB
or Bluetooth) has to be built using Windows Forms.
On the other hand, we have a microcontroller from
the STM32 family that has a 2.4’ LCD display executing
.NET Micro Framework that receives the
information obtained from the PC through the serial
port and displays it in the screen. This way, students
create a computer status monitoring tool that does not
need to be connected physically to it to receive the
information.
The development of this project is added to the
need of using different tools for firmware and software
development, focused to very different fields of
use. This practice has been well received by the
students, because it has served as an example of the
firmware development for a microcontroller using the
.NET MF platform as well as the communication between the PC and the microcontroller using a visual
software application
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High Resolution Melt (HRM) analysis is an efficient tool to genotype EMS mutants in complex crop genomes
Background: Targeted Induced Loci Lesions IN Genomes (TILLING) is increasingly being used to generate and identify mutations in target genes of crop genomes. TILLING populations of several thousand lines have been generated in a number of crop species including Brassica rapa. Genetic analysis of mutants identified by TILLING requires an efficient, high-throughput and cost effective genotyping method to track the mutations through numerous generations. High resolution melt (HRM) analysis has been used in a number of systems to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertion/deletions (IN/DELs) enabling the genotyping of different types of samples. HRM is ideally suited to high-throughput genotyping of multiple TILLING mutants in complex crop genomes. To date it has been used to identify mutants and genotype single mutations. The aim of this study was to determine if HRM can facilitate downstream analysis of multiple mutant lines identified by TILLING in order to characterise allelic series of EMS induced mutations in target genes across a number of generations in complex crop genomes.
Results: We demonstrate that HRM can be used to genotype allelic series of mutations in two genes, BraA.CAX1a and BraA.MET1.a in Brassica rapa. We analysed 12 mutations in BraA.CAX1.a and five in BraA.MET1.a over two generations including a back-cross to the wild-type. Using a commercially available HRM kit and the Lightscanner™ system we were able to detect mutations in heterozygous and homozygous states for both genes.
Conclusions: Using HRM genotyping on TILLING derived mutants, it is possible to generate an allelic series of mutations within multiple target genes rapidly. Lines suitable for phenotypic analysis can be isolated approximately 8-9 months (3 generations) from receiving M3 seed of Brassica rapa from the RevGenUK TILLING service
Genetical and comparative genomics of Brassica under altered Ca supply identifies Arabidopsis Ca-transporter orthologs
Although Ca transport in plants is highly complex, the overexpression of vacuolar Ca2+ transporters in crops is a promising new technology to improve dietary Ca supplies through biofortification. Here, we sought to identify novel targets for increasing plant Ca accumulation using genetical and comparative genomics. Expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) mapping to 1895 cis- and 8015 trans-loci were identified in shoots of an inbred mapping population of Brassica rapa (IMB211 x R500); 23 cis- and 948 trans-eQTLs responded specifically to altered Ca supply. eQTLs were screened for functional significance using a large database of shoot Ca concentration phenotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana. From 31 Arabidopsis gene identifiers tagged to robust shoot Ca concentration phenotypes, 21 mapped to 27 B. rapa eQTLs, including orthologs of the Ca2+ transporters At-CAX1 and At-ACA8. Two of three independent missense mutants of BraA.cax1a, isolated previously by targeting induced local lesions in genomes, have allele-specific shoot Ca concentration phenotypes compared with their segregating wild types. BraA.CAX1a is a promising target for altering the Ca composition of Brassica, consistent with prior knowledge from Arabidopsis. We conclude that multiple-environment eQTL analysis of complex crop genomes combined with comparative genomics is a powerful technique for novel gene identification/prioritization
Efficacy of the Combination of Pinaverium Bromide 100mg Plus Simethicone 300mg in Abdominal Pain and Bloating in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trial
Goals: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of PB+S (pinaverium bromide 100 mg plus simethicone 300 mg) in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
Background: IBS is a multifactorial disorder; thus, combination therapy with different mechanisms of action is expected to be useful. PB+S has shown effectiveness in an open-label clinical study in IBS. However, there are no placebo-controlled trials.
Materials and Methods: IBS-Rome III patients with abdominal pain/discomfort for at least 2 days within the week prior to baseline assessment were included in this 12-week, randomized, doubleblind, placebo-controlled study of PB+S versus placebo, bid. The primary endpoint was overall symptom improvement, evaluated weekly by the patient (Likert Scale). Secondary endpoints included the weekly improvement in the severity of abdominal pain and bloating assessed both by patients (10-cm Visual Analogue Scale) and investigators (Likert Scale); frequency of Bristol Scale stool types (consistency) evaluated by patients and the IBS Quality of Life scores.
Results: A total of 285 patients (female: 83%; 36.5±8.9 y old) received at least 1 dose of PB+S (n=140) or placebo (n=145). No difference was observed in overall symptom improvement between the groups (P=0.13). However, PB+S was superior in abdominal pain (effect size: 31%, P=0.038) and bloating (33%, P=0.019). Patients with IBS-C and IBS-M showed the best improvement in the frequency of stool types with PB+S. No differences were observed in IBS Quality of Life scores and adverse events
Coronary Revascularization and Long-Term Survivorship in Chronic Coronary Syndrome
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) persists as the leading cause of death in the Western world. In recent decades, great headway has been made in reducing mortality due to IHD, based around secondary prevention. The advent of coronary revascularization techniques, first coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery in the 1960s and then percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the 1970s, has represented one of the major breakthroughs in medicine during the last century. The benefit provided by these techniques, especially PCI, has been crucial in lowering mortality rates in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, in the setting where IHD is most prevalent, namely chronic coronary syndrome (CCS), the increase in life expectancy provided by coronary revascularization is controversial. Over more than 40 years, several clinical trials have been carried out comparing optimal medical treatment (OMT) alone with a strategy of routine coronary revascularization on top of OMT. Beyond a certain degree of symptomatic improvement and lower incidence of minor events, routine invasive management has not demonstrated a convincing effect in terms of reducing mortality in CCS. Based on the accumulated evidence more than half a century after the first revascularization procedures were used, invasive management should be considered in those patients with uncontrolled symptoms despite OMT or high-risk features related to left ventricular function, coronary anatomy, or functional assessment, taking into account the patient expectations and preferences
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