Measurement of the 2+→0+ ground-state transition in the β decay of 20F

We report the first detection of the second-forbidden, nonunique, 2+→0+, ground-state transition in the β decay of 20F. A low-energy, mass-separated 20F+ beam produced at the IGISOL facility in Jyväskylä, Finland, was implanted in a thin carbon foil and the β spectrum measured using a magnetic transporter and a plastic-scintillator detector. The β-decay branching ratio inferred from the measurement is bβ=[0.41±0.08(stat)±0.07(sys)]×10−5 corresponding to logft=10.89(11), making this one of the strongest second-forbidden, nonunique β transitions ever measured. The experimental result is supported by shell-model calculations and has significant implications for the final evolution of stars that develop degenerate oxygen-neon cores. Using the new experimental data, we argue that the astrophysical electron-capture rate on 20Ne is now known to within better than 25% at the relevant temperatures and densities.peerReviewe

The genome sequence of Trypanosoma cruzi, etiologic agent of Chagas disease

Fil: El-Sayed, Najib M. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Myler, Peter J. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Bartholomeu, Daniella C. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Nilsson, Daniel. Karolinska Institutet. Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics; Suecia.Fil: Aggarwal, Gautam. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Tran, Anh-Nhi. Karolinska Institutet. Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics; Suecia.Fil: Ghedin, Elodie. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Worthey, Elizabeth A. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Delcher, Arthur L. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Blandin, Gaëlle. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Westenberger, Scott J. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Caler, Elisabet. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Cerqueira, Gustavo C. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Haas, Carole Branched Brian. Karolinska Institutet. Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics; Suecia.Fil: Anupama, Atashi. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Arner, Erik. Karolinska Institutet. Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics; Suecia.Fil: Åslund, Lena. Uppsala University. Department of Genetics and Pathology; Suecia.Fil: Attipoe, Philip. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Bontempi, Esteban. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Parasitología; Argentina.Fil: Bringaud, Frédéric. Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux II. Laboratoire de Génomique Fonctionnelle des Trypanosomatides; Francia.Fil: Burton, Peter. University of Glasgow. Wellcome Centre for Molecular Parasitology; Reino Unido.Fil: Cadag, Eithon. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Campbell, David A. University of California. Department of Microbiology; Estados Unidos.Fil: Carrington, Mark. University of Cambridge. Department of Biochemistry; Reino Unido.Fil: Crabtree, Jonathan. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Darban, Hamid. Karolinska Institutet. Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics; Suecia.Fil: Silveira, Jose Franco da. Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo. Departamento de Microbiologia; Brasil.Fil: Jong, Pieter de. Children’s Hospital Oakland Research Institute. BACPAC Resources; Estados Unidos.Fil: Edwards, Kimberly. Karolinska Institutet. Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics; Suecia.Fil: Englund, Paul T. Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. Department of Biological Chemistry; Estados Unidos.Fil: Fazelina, Gholam. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Feldblyum, Tamara. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Ferella, Marcela. Karolinska Institutet. Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics; Suecia.Fil: Frasch, Alberto Carlos. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas; Argentina.Fil: Gull, Keith. University of Oxford. Sir William Dunn School of Pathology; Reino Unido.Fil: Horn, David. London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine; Reino Unido.Fil: Hou, Lihua. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Huang, Yiting. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Kindlund, Ellen. Karolinska Institutet. Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics; Suecia.Fil: Klingbeil, Michele. University of Massachusetts. Department of Microbiology; Estados Unidos.Fil: Kluge, Sindy. Karolinska Institutet. Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics; Suecia.Fil: Koo, Hean. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Lacerda, Daniela. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Levin, Mariano J. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET-CYTED project). Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de la Enfermedad de Chagas; Argentina.Fil: Lorenzi, Hernan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET-CYTED project). Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de la Enfermedad de Chagas; Argentina.Fil: Louie, Tin. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Machado, Carlos Renato. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia; Brasil.Fil: McCulloch, Richard. University of Glasgow. Wellcome Centre for Molecular Parasitology; Reino Unido.Fil: McKenna, Alan. Karolinska Institutet. Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics; Suecia.Fil: Mizuno, Yumi. Karolinska Institutet. Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics; Suecia.Fil: Mottram, Jeremy C. University of Glasgow. Wellcome Centre for Molecular Parasitology; Reino Unido.Fil: Nelson, Siri. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Ochaya, Stephen. Karolinska Institutet. Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics; Suecia.Fil: Osoegawa, Kazutoyo. Children’s Hospital Oakland Research Institute. BACPAC Resources; Estados Unidos.Fil: Pai, Grace. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Parsons, Marilyn. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Pentony, Martin. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Pettersson, Ulf. Uppsala University. Department of Genetics and Pathology; Suecia.Fil: Pop, Mihai. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Ramirez, Jose Luis. Universidad Central de Venezuela. Instituto de Biología Experimental; Venezuela.Fil: Rinta, Joel. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Robertson, Laura. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Salzberg, Steven L. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Sanchez, Daniel O. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas; Argentina.Fil: Seyler, Amber. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Sharma, Reuben. University of Cambridge. Department of Biochemistry; Reino Unido.Fil: Shetty, Jyoti. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Simpson, Anjana J. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Sisk, Ellen. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Tammi, Martti T. Karolinska Institutet. Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics; Suecia.Fil: Tarleton, Rick. University of Georgia. Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases; Estados Unidos.Fil: Teixeira, Santuza. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia; Brasil.Fil: Aken, Susan Van. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Vogt, Christy. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Ward, Pauline N. University of Glasgow. Wellcome Centre for Molecular Parasitology; Reino Unido.Fil: Wickstead, Bill. University of Oxford. Sir William Dunn School of Pathology; Reino Unido.Fil: Wortman, Jennifer. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: White, Owen. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Fraser, Claire M. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Stuart, Kenneth D. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Andersson, Björn. Karolinska Institutet. Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics; Suecia.Whole-genome sequencing of the protozoan pathogen Trypanosoma cruzi revealed that the diploid genome contains a predicted 22,570 proteins encoded by genes, of which 12,570 represent allelic pairs. Over 50% of the genome consists of repeated sequences, such as retrotransposons and genes for large families of surface molecules, which include trans-sialidases, mucins, gp63s, and a large novel family (>1300 copies) of mucin-associated surface protein (MASP) genes. Analyses of the T. cruzi, T. brucei, and Leishmania major (Tritryp) genomes imply differences from other eukaryotes in DNA repair and initiation of replication and reflect their unusual mitochondrial DNA. Although the Tritryp lack several classes of signaling molecules, their kinomes contain a large and diverse set of protein kinases and phosphatases; their size and diversity imply previously unknown interactions and regulatory processes, which may be targets for intervention

The genome sequence of Trypanosoma cruzi, etiologic agent of Chagas disease

Fil: El-Sayed, Najib M. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Myler, Peter J. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Bartholomeu, Daniella C. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Nilsson, Daniel. Karolinska Institutet. Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics; Suecia.Fil: Aggarwal, Gautam. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Tran, Anh-Nhi. Karolinska Institutet. Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics; Suecia.Fil: Ghedin, Elodie. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Worthey, Elizabeth A. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Delcher, Arthur L. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Blandin, Gaëlle. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Westenberger, Scott J. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Caler, Elisabet. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Cerqueira, Gustavo C. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Haas, Carole Branched Brian. Karolinska Institutet. Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics; Suecia.Fil: Anupama, Atashi. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Arner, Erik. Karolinska Institutet. Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics; Suecia.Fil: Åslund, Lena. Uppsala University. Department of Genetics and Pathology; Suecia.Fil: Attipoe, Philip. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Bontempi, Esteban. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Parasitología; Argentina.Fil: Bringaud, Frédéric. Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux II. Laboratoire de Génomique Fonctionnelle des Trypanosomatides; Francia.Fil: Burton, Peter. University of Glasgow. Wellcome Centre for Molecular Parasitology; Reino Unido.Fil: Cadag, Eithon. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Campbell, David A. University of California. Department of Microbiology; Estados Unidos.Fil: Carrington, Mark. University of Cambridge. Department of Biochemistry; Reino Unido.Fil: Crabtree, Jonathan. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Darban, Hamid. Karolinska Institutet. Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics; Suecia.Fil: Silveira, Jose Franco da. Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo. Departamento de Microbiologia; Brasil.Fil: Jong, Pieter de. Children’s Hospital Oakland Research Institute. BACPAC Resources; Estados Unidos.Fil: Edwards, Kimberly. Karolinska Institutet. Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics; Suecia.Fil: Englund, Paul T. Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. Department of Biological Chemistry; Estados Unidos.Fil: Fazelina, Gholam. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Feldblyum, Tamara. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Ferella, Marcela. Karolinska Institutet. Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics; Suecia.Fil: Frasch, Alberto Carlos. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas; Argentina.Fil: Gull, Keith. University of Oxford. Sir William Dunn School of Pathology; Reino Unido.Fil: Horn, David. London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine; Reino Unido.Fil: Hou, Lihua. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Huang, Yiting. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Kindlund, Ellen. Karolinska Institutet. Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics; Suecia.Fil: Klingbeil, Michele. University of Massachusetts. Department of Microbiology; Estados Unidos.Fil: Kluge, Sindy. Karolinska Institutet. Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics; Suecia.Fil: Koo, Hean. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Lacerda, Daniela. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Levin, Mariano J. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET-CYTED project). Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de la Enfermedad de Chagas; Argentina.Fil: Lorenzi, Hernan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET-CYTED project). Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de la Enfermedad de Chagas; Argentina.Fil: Louie, Tin. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Machado, Carlos Renato. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia; Brasil.Fil: McCulloch, Richard. University of Glasgow. Wellcome Centre for Molecular Parasitology; Reino Unido.Fil: McKenna, Alan. Karolinska Institutet. Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics; Suecia.Fil: Mizuno, Yumi. Karolinska Institutet. Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics; Suecia.Fil: Mottram, Jeremy C. University of Glasgow. Wellcome Centre for Molecular Parasitology; Reino Unido.Fil: Nelson, Siri. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Ochaya, Stephen. Karolinska Institutet. Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics; Suecia.Fil: Osoegawa, Kazutoyo. Children’s Hospital Oakland Research Institute. BACPAC Resources; Estados Unidos.Fil: Pai, Grace. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Parsons, Marilyn. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Pentony, Martin. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Pettersson, Ulf. Uppsala University. Department of Genetics and Pathology; Suecia.Fil: Pop, Mihai. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Ramirez, Jose Luis. Universidad Central de Venezuela. Instituto de Biología Experimental; Venezuela.Fil: Rinta, Joel. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Robertson, Laura. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Salzberg, Steven L. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Sanchez, Daniel O. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas; Argentina.Fil: Seyler, Amber. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Sharma, Reuben. University of Cambridge. Department of Biochemistry; Reino Unido.Fil: Shetty, Jyoti. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Simpson, Anjana J. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Sisk, Ellen. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Tammi, Martti T. Karolinska Institutet. Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics; Suecia.Fil: Tarleton, Rick. University of Georgia. Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases; Estados Unidos.Fil: Teixeira, Santuza. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia; Brasil.Fil: Aken, Susan Van. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Vogt, Christy. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Ward, Pauline N. University of Glasgow. Wellcome Centre for Molecular Parasitology; Reino Unido.Fil: Wickstead, Bill. University of Oxford. Sir William Dunn School of Pathology; Reino Unido.Fil: Wortman, Jennifer. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: White, Owen. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Fraser, Claire M. The Institute for Genomic Research. Department of Parasite Genomics; Estados Unidos.Fil: Stuart, Kenneth D. Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Estados Unidos.Fil: Andersson, Björn. Karolinska Institutet. Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics; Suecia.Whole-genome sequencing of the protozoan pathogen Trypanosoma cruzi revealed that the diploid genome contains a predicted 22,570 proteins encoded by genes, of which 12,570 represent allelic pairs. Over 50% of the genome consists of repeated sequences, such as retrotransposons and genes for large families of surface molecules, which include trans-sialidases, mucins, gp63s, and a large novel family (>1300 copies) of mucin-associated surface protein (MASP) genes. Analyses of the T. cruzi, T. brucei, and Leishmania major (Tritryp) genomes imply differences from other eukaryotes in DNA repair and initiation of replication and reflect their unusual mitochondrial DNA. Although the Tritryp lack several classes of signaling molecules, their kinomes contain a large and diverse set of protein kinases and phosphatases; their size and diversity imply previously unknown interactions and regulatory processes, which may be targets for intervention

The genome of the kinetoplastid parasite, Leishmania major

Leishmania species cause a spectrum of human diseases in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. We have sequenced the 36 chromosomes of the 32.8-megabase haploid genome of Leishmania major (Friedlin strain) and predict 911 RNA genes, 39 pseudogenes, and 8272 protein-coding genes, of which 36% can be ascribed a putative function. These include genes involved in host-pathogen interactions, such as proteolytic enzymes, and extensive machinery for synthesis of complex surface glycoconjugates. The organization of protein-coding genes into long, strand-specific, polycistronic clusters and lack of general transcription factors in the L. major, Trypanosoma brucei, and Trypanosoma cruzi (Tritryp) genomes suggest that the mechanisms regulating RNA polymerase II–directed transcription are distinct from those operating in other eukaryotes, although the trypanosomatids appear capable of chromatin remodeling. Abundant RNA-binding proteins are encoded in the Tritryp genomes, consistent with active posttranscriptional regulation of gen