Association of Training in Basic Life Support with the Evolution of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Performed by Firefighters

Introduction: This study aimed to compare the results of professional technical and anthropometric anamnesis data with the transmission of external chest compressions performed by military firefighters at different execution times. Objective: The objective was to evaluate the performance and perceived effort of the sequence of external chest compressions performed in two minutes, as well as the evolution of the technique over time. Materials and methods: This was a descriptive, correlational study involving adult firefighters who were members of a specific firefighter group, comprising a population of 105 individuals with a voluntary sample of 44 participants. The study used a Bayesian statistical approach to provide probabilistic expressions. Results: The participants had an average work experience of 17 years, an average age of 38.6 years, an average weight of 81.48 kilograms, an average height of 176 centimeters, and an average of 2.5 qualifications. The results indicated that the firefighters performed external chest compressions with excellent technique and a moderate level of perceived effort in a two-minute evaluation. The evaluation of the evolution of the technique over time showed that the participants were able to maintain high-quality compressions for an average of 6 minutes, with a maximum of 20 uninterrupted minutes. Conclusion: The study underscores the critical role of professional firefighters in performing and maintaining high-quality external chest compressions, which has the potential to reduce morbidity and mortality in cases of cardiorespiratory arrest

Epidemiological characteristics of cases of death from tuberculosis and vulnerable territories

Objetivo: caracterizar as diferenças do perfil clínico e epidemiológico dos casos de óbitos que tiveram a tuberculose como causa básica e causa associada, e analisar a distribuição espacial dos casos de óbito por tuberculose nos territórios de Ribeirão Preto, SP.Método: trata-se de estudo ecológico em que a população foi composta por 114 casos de óbito por tuberculose. Realizaram-se análise bivariada e da densidade de pontos definidas como estimativa de Kernel.Resultados: dos casos de óbito por tuberculose, 50 foram causa básica e 64 associada. Idade (p=0,008) e setor responsável pelo atestado do óbito (p=0,003) foram as variáveis que apresentaram associação estatisticamente significante com a causa do óbito. A distribuição espacial, em ambos os eventos, não ocorreu de forma aleatória, formando clusters em regiões do município.Conclusão: a diferença no perfil dos casos de óbito por tuberculose, como causa básica e como causa associada, esteve pautada na idade e no setor responsável pelo preenchimento da Declaração de Óbito. A não aleatoriedade da distribuição espacial dos casos sugere áreas vulneráveis à ocorrência desses eventos. Conhecer essas áreas pode contribuir para a escolha de estratégias de controle da doença.Objetivo: caracterizar las diferencias del perfil clínico y epidemiológico de los casos de muertes que tuvieron la tuberculosis como causa básica y causa asociada, y analizar la distribución espacial de los casos de muerte por tuberculosis en los territorios de Ribeirao Preto, SP.Método: se trata de estudio ecológico en que la población fue compuesta por 114 casos de muerte por tuberculosis. Se realizaron análisis bivariados y de densidad de puntos definidas como estimativa de Kernel.Resultados: entre los casos de muerte por tuberculosis, 50 tuvieron causa básica y 64 asociada. La edad (p=0,008) y el sector responsable por el certificado de defunción (p=0,003) fueron las variables que presentaron asociación estadísticamente significativa con la causa de la muerte. La distribución espacial, en los dos eventos, no ocurrió de forma aleatoria, formando clusters en regiones del municipio.Conclusión: la diferencia en el perfil de los casos de muerte por tuberculosis, como causa básica y como causa asociada, estuvo vinculada con la edad y el sector responsable por el llenado del Certificado de Defunción. La no aleatoriedad de la distribución espacial de los casos sugiere áreas vulnerables a la ocurrencia de esos eventos. Conocer esas áreas puede contribuir para poder elegir estrategias de control de la enfermedad.Objective: to characterize the differences in the clinical and epidemiological profile of cases of death that had tuberculosis as an immediate or associated cause, and to analyze the spatial distribution of the cases of death from tuberculosis within the territories of Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.Method: an ecological study, in which the population consisted of 114 cases of death from tuberculosis. Bivariate analysis was carried out, as well as point density analysis, defined with the Kernel estimate.Results: of the cases of death from tuberculosis, 50 were the immediate cause and 64 an associated cause. Age (p=.008) and sector responsible for the death certificate (p=.003) were the variables that presented statistically significant associations with the cause of death. The spatial distribution, in both events, did not occur randomly, forming clusters in areas of the municipality.Conclusion: the difference in the profiles of the cases of death from tuberculosis, as a basic cause and as an associated cause, was governed by the age and the sector responsible for the completion of the death certificate. The non-randomness of the spatial distribution of the cases suggests areas that are vulnerable to these events. Knowing these areas can contribute to the choice of disease control strategies

Revisiting the metallothionein genes polymorphisms and the risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma in a Brazilian population

Metallothioneins (MTs) gene polymorphisms have been associated with the ability of free radical scavenging and detoxification of heavy metals leading to cancer development. Our aim was to revisit, in a Brazilian population, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the MT gene family previously associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). A case-control investigation with 28 OSCC patients and 45 controls was conducted, using conventional risk factors (tobacco use and alcohol consumption) as covariates. SNPs genotyping for rs8052334 (MT1B), rs964372 (MT1B), and rs1610216 (MT2A) was performed by PCR-RFLP, and SNPs for rs11076161 (MT1A) were analyzed by TaqMan assay. The only SNP associated with increased risk for OSCC was the MT-1A AA genotype (OR = 4.7; p = 0.01). We have also evidenced for the first time a significant linkage disequilibrium between the SNPs of MT-2A and MT-1A in this population with the highest frequency (30%) of the unfavorable haplotype G/A/C/T (rs1610216 / rs11076161 / rs964372 / rs8052334) of MT gene polymorphisms (OR = 6.2; p = 0.04). Interestingly, after removing the effects of conventional risk factors, we have uncovered the significance of the AA genotype of the rs11076161 with increased odds of 19-fold higher towards OSCC development. This is the first demonstration that a significant linkage disequilibrium among gene polymorphisms of the MT family may affect susceptibility to oral cancer, which is conditioned by the G/A/C/T haplotype (rs1610216/rs11076161/rs964372/ rs8052334) and the MT-1A gene polymorphism has a potential clinical utility for the OSCC risk assessment

TCT-695 Clinical Impact and Evolution Of Mitral Regurgitation Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Meta-Analysis

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Energy Estimation of Cosmic Rays with the Engineering Radio Array of the Pierre Auger Observatory

The Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) is part of the Pierre Auger Observatory and is used to detect the radio emission of cosmic-ray air showers. These observations are compared to the data of the surface detector stations of the Observatory, which provide well-calibrated information on the cosmic-ray energies and arrival directions. The response of the radio stations in the 30 to 80 MHz regime has been thoroughly calibrated to enable the reconstruction of the incoming electric field. For the latter, the energy deposit per area is determined from the radio pulses at each observer position and is interpolated using a two-dimensional function that takes into account signal asymmetries due to interference between the geomagnetic and charge-excess emission components. The spatial integral over the signal distribution gives a direct measurement of the energy transferred from the primary cosmic ray into radio emission in the AERA frequency range. We measure 15.8 MeV of radiation energy for a 1 EeV air shower arriving perpendicularly to the geomagnetic field. This radiation energy -- corrected for geometrical effects -- is used as a cosmic-ray energy estimator. Performing an absolute energy calibration against the surface-detector information, we observe that this radio-energy estimator scales quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy as expected for coherent emission. We find an energy resolution of the radio reconstruction of 22% for the data set and 17% for a high-quality subset containing only events with at least five radio stations with signal.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO

Measurement of the Radiation Energy in the Radio Signal of Extensive Air Showers as a Universal Estimator of Cosmic-Ray Energy

We measure the energy emitted by extensive air showers in the form of radio emission in the frequency range from 30 to 80 MHz. Exploiting the accurate energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory, we obtain a radiation energy of 15.8 \pm 0.7 (stat) \pm 6.7 (sys) MeV for cosmic rays with an energy of 1 EeV arriving perpendicularly to a geomagnetic field of 0.24 G, scaling quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy. A comparison with predictions from state-of-the-art first-principle calculations shows agreement with our measurement. The radiation energy provides direct access to the calorimetric energy in the electromagnetic cascade of extensive air showers. Comparison with our result thus allows the direct calibration of any cosmic-ray radio detector against the well-established energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DOI. Supplemental material in the ancillary file