Terra dos dinossauros: la construcción e implementación del turismo paleontológico en el barrio rural de Peirópolis, Uberaba (MG, Brasil)

Con el fin de generar un tipo de turismo determinado en una localidad es necesario seleccionar ciertos elementos (patrimonio local, recursos naturales, entre otros) para ofrecerlos como atractivos. En el caso del barrio rural de Peirópolis, ubicado en el municipio de Uberaba (Minas Gerais, Brasil), se seleccionó su patrimonio paleontológico para generar un turismo paleontológico. Los objetivos de este trabajo es analizar los procesos de patrimonialización y turistificación que se produjeron en Peirópolis. A través de diferentes técnicas (observación participante, entrevistas semiestructuradas, consulta de diversas fuentes gráficas y bibliográficas) se presentan los resultados de la investigación: la construcción social e implantación de un turismo paleontológico, una apropiación territorial del turismo, construcción de lugar turístico. Todos estos procesos y acciones llevaron a transformar la identidad del barrio rural de Peirópolis.In order to generate a specific type of tourism in a locality, it is necessary to select certain elements (local Heritage, natural resources, among others) to offer as touristic attractions. In the case of the rural neighborhood of Peirópolis, located in Uberaba district (Minas Gerais, Brazil), its paleontological Heritage was selected to generate a paleontological tourism. The objectives of this paper are to analyze the Heritage and Touristification processes in Peirópolis. Through different techniques (participant observation, semi-structure interviews, and analyses of different types of sources), the result of the research are presented: the social construction and implementation of a paleontological tourism, tourism territorial appropriation, and, the construction of a touristic place in Peirópolis. All these processes and actions transformed the rural neighborhood identity of Peirópolis.Fil: Perez Winter, Cecilia Verena. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Instituto de Ciencias Antropológicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Martinelli, Agustín Guillermo. Universidad de Uberaba. Centro de Pesquisas Paleontológicas Llewellyn Ivor Price. Complexo Cultural e Científico de Peirópolis; BrasilFil: Ribeiro Borges, Luiz Carlos. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Brasi

OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURES TO BODY FLUIDS AND BEHAVIORS REGARDING THEIR PREVENTION AND POST-EXPOSURE AMONG MEDICAL AND NURSING STUDENTS AT A BRAZILIAN PUBLIC UNIVERSITY

A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the frequencies and characteristics of occupational exposures among medical and nursing students at a Brazilian public university, in addition to their prevention and post-exposure behavior. During the second semester of 2010, a self-administered semi-structured questionnaire was completed by 253/320 (79.1%) medical students of the clinical course and 149/200 (74.5%) nursing students who were already performing practical activities. Among medical students, 53 (20.9%) suffered 73 injuries, which mainly occurred while performing extra-curricular activities (32.9%), with cutting and piercing objects (56.2%), in the emergency room (39.7%), and as a result of lack of technical preparation or distraction (54.8%). Among nursing students, 27 (18.1%) suffered 37 injuries, which mainly occurred with hollow needles (67.6%) in the operating room or wards (72.2%), and as a result of lack of technical preparation or distraction (62.1%). Among medical and nursing students, respectively, 96.4% and 48% were dissatisfied with the instructions on previously received exposure prevention; 48% and 18% did not always use personal protective equipment; 67.6% and 16.8% recapped used needles; 49.3% and 35.1% did not bother to find out the source patient's serological results post-exposure; and 1.4% and 18.9% officially reported injuries. In conclusion, this study found high frequencies of exposures among the assessed students, inadequate practices in prevention and post-exposure, and, consequently, the need for training in “standard precautions” to prevent such exposures.Estudo transversal foi realizado para verificar, entre estudantes de medicina e de enfermagem de universidade pública brasileira, as frequências e características de exposições ocupacionais e seus comportamentos na prevenção e pós-exposição. Durante o segundo semestre de 2010, questionário autoaplicável e semiestruturado foi completado por 253/320 (79,1%) estudantes de medicina do curso clínico e por 149/200 (74,5%) estudantes de enfermagem que já exerciam atividades práticas. Entre os estudantes de medicina, 53 (20,9%) sofreram 73 acidentes, que ocorreram principalmente em atividades extracurriculares (32,9%), com objetos pérfuro-cortantes (56,2%), na sala de emergência (39,7%) e em decorrência de despreparo técnico ou distração (54,8%). Entre os alunos de enfermagem, 27 (18,1%) sofreram 37 acidentes, que ocorreram principalmente com agulhas ocas (67,6%), no centro cirúrgico ou enfermarias (72,2%) e em decorrência de despreparo técnico ou distração (62,1%). Entre os alunos de medicina e de enfermagem, respectivamente, 96,4% e 48% estavam insatisfeitos com orientações previamente recebidas de prevenção de acidentes, 48% e 18% nem sempre utilizam equipamento de proteção individual, 67,6% e 16,8% reencapam agulhas usadas, 49,3% e 35,1% não se preocuparam em conhecer os exames sorológicos do paciente-fonte pós-exposição e 1,4% e 18,9% relataram o acidente oficialmente. Em conclusão, neste estudo verificaram-se altas frequências de exposições entre os estudantes avaliados, práticas inadequadas na prevenção e pós-exposição e, consequentemente, a necessidade de treinamento nas “precauções padrão” para prevenção de tais exposições

INFLUÊNCIA DO MAQUIAVELISMO E DA CULTURA ORGANIZACIONAL NA CRIAÇÃO DA FOLGA ORÇAMENTÁRIA SOB A PERSPECTIVA DE ESTUDANTES UNIVERSITÁRIOS

O estudo teve por objetivo verificar o efeito do comportamento maquiavélico e da cultura organizacional na criação de folga orçamentária, com alunos de uma instituição de ensino superior voltada para a integração latino-americana. Como base teórica, descreve-se sobre o maquiavelismo, folga orçamentária e a cultura organizacional. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva com abordagem quantitativa, com a aplicação de questionário eletrônico. Para a análise das informações, utilizou-se da técnica estatística de modelagem de equações estruturais por mínimos quadrados (PLS). Os resultados obtidos apontam que os indivíduos maquiavélicos têm pouca influência na folga orçamentária, porém influenciam fortemente a cultura organizacional. Em relação à folga orçamentária, a cultura organizacional apresentou forte influência, enquanto o maquiavelismo não teve muito destaque. Esta pesquisa pode auxiliar no planejamento de ações direcionadas ao contexto científico da academia, de maneira a possibilitar que a formação dos futuros gestores e contadores, possa ser norteada por ações especializadas na gestão das culturas organizacionais, em organizações públicas e privadas, bem como, contribuir para novas pesquisas, tendo em vista que esse comportamento relacionado à cultura organizacional pode balizar ações de gestão voltadas a implementação de melhores ferramentas de gerenciamento

Morfologia de osteodermos de crocodilomorfos do Sítio Paleontológico de Peirópolis (Bacia Bauru, Cretáceo Superior)

Osteoderms are dermal bony plates situated over the epiderm and covered by queratin layer. Until now are recognized at the Paleontological Site of Peirópolis three distinct crocodylomorph species, the Peirosauridae Peirosaurus termini Price, 1955 and Uberabasuchus terrificus Carvalho; Ribeiro & Ávilla, 2004 and the Trematochampsidae Itasuchus jesuinoi Price, 1955. The peirosaurids have nostrils frontally positioned within the skull and are regarded as terrestrial crocodylomorphs. The trematochampsids differently from the peirosaurids have the nostrils positioned at the dorsal portion of the skull, similar to the extant crocodiles with aquatic habits. The osteoderms morphological analysis of P. tormini, U. terrificus and I. jesuinoi corroborate, with the cranial evidences, for the terrestrial or aquatic lifestyle of these animals.Osteodermos são placas ósseas de origem dérmica situados sobre a epiderme e recobertos por uma camada de queratina. São reconhecidos até o momento no Sítio Paleontológico de Peirópolis três espécies distintas de crocodilomorfos, os Peirosauridae Peirosaurus tormini Price, 1955 e Uberabasuchus terrificus Carvalho Ribeiro Ávilla, 2004 e o Trematochampsidae Itasuchus jesuinoi Price, 1955. Os peirossaurídeos possuem narinas localizadas frontalmente no crânio e são geralmente considerados como crocodilomorfos de hábitos terrestres. Os trematocampsídeos diferentemente dos peirossaurídeos possuíam narinas localizadas na região dorsal do crânio, de modo semelhante aos crocodilos recentes de hábitos mais aquáticos. A análise morfológica dos osteodermos de P. tormini, U. terrificus e I. jesuinoi corrobora com as evidências cranianas para hábitos terrestres ou aquáticos desses animais

Spatial spillovers of the cultural employment growth in Brazilian municipalities

The Brazilian cultural sector is rarely explored in the literature, especially considering all municipalities at the same time in an economic and spatial perspective. This paper aims to measure the level of specialization, urbanization and diversification externalities on the cultural employment growth rate in Brazilian municipalities between 2006 and 2016. To do so, spatial econometric models are used. The main results indicate there are no spatial associations regarding cultural employment growth in Brazil. The lack of complementarity of this sector, associate with the lack of incentives for its development, particularly in small municipalities, helps to explain our results

Spatial spillovers of the cultural employment growth in Brazilian municipalities

The Brazilian cultural sector is rarely explored in the literature, especially considering all municipalities at the same time in an economic and spatial perspective. This paper aims to measure the level of specialization, urbanization and diversification externalities on the cultural employment growth rate in Brazilian municipalities between 2006 and 2016. To do so, spatial econometric models are used. The main results indicate there are no spatial associations regarding cultural employment growth in Brazil. The lack of complementarity of this sector, associate with the lack of incentives for its development, particularly in small municipalities, helps to explain our results

Genomic epidemiology reveals the circulation of the Chikungunya virus east/central/south african lineage in Tocantins State, north Brazil

The chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne virus of the family Togaviridae transmitted to humans by Aedes spp. mosquitoes. In Brazil, imported cases have been reported since June 2014 through two independent introductions, one caused by Asian Lineage in Oiapoque, Amapá state, North Region, and another caused by East/Central/South African (ECSA) in Feira de Santana, Bahia state, Northeast Region. Moreover, there is still limited information about the genomic epidemiology of the CHIKV from surveillance studies. The Tocantins state, located in Northern Brazil, reported an increase in the number of CHIKV cases at the end of 2021 and the beginning of 2022. Thus, to better understand the dispersion dynamics of this viral pathogen in the state, we generated 27 near-complete CHIKV genome sequences from four cities, obtained from clinical samples. Our results showed that the newly CHIKV genomes from Tocantins belonged to the ECSA lineage. Phylogenetic reconstruction revealed that Tocantins’ strains formed a single well-supported clade, which appear to be closely related to isolates from the Rio Grande do Norte state (Northeast Brazil) and the Rio de Janeiro state (Southeast Brazil), that experienced an explosive ECSA epidemic between 2016–2019. Mutation analyses showed eleven frequent non-synonymous mutations in the structural and non-structural proteins, indicating the autochthonous transmission of the CHIKV in the state. None of the genomes recovered within the Tocantins samples carry the A226V mutation in the E1 protein associated with increased transmission in A. albopictus. The study presented here highlights the importance of continued genomic surveillance to provide information not only on recording mutations along the viral genome but as a molecular surveillance tool to trace virus spread within the country, to predict events of likely occurrence of new infections, and, as such, contribute to an improved public health service

On the Use of Vibration Analysis for Contact Fault Detection in High-Voltage HVCBs

Abstract As high-voltage circuit breakers (HVCBs) are responsible for switching off the load in the event of anomalies, they suffer various wear and tear, both on their main contacts and on the other actuation mechanisms. Not only load maneuvers but also weather conditions can bring factors that contribute to deterioration and, consequently, contribute to failures of this component that is so important for energy supply. Both failures and maintenance shutdowns generate costs for substations, something that could be minimized if there was monitoring of the condition of the HVCBs. This paper shows a methodology to analyze the vibration signal of HVCB in order to identify and quantify contact failures. The proposed methodology is verified through an experimental setup. The results show that it is possible not only to identify the fault but also to assess its intensity using vibration analysis

Consultas neurológicas e diagnósticos em um grande hospital universitário dedicado a COVID-19

Background: More than one-third of COVID-19 patients present neurological symptomsranging from anosmia to stroke and encephalopathy. Furthermore, pre-existingneurological conditions may require special treatment and may be associated with worseoutcomes. Notwithstanding, the role of neurologists in COVID-19 is probablyunderrecognized. Objective: The aim of this study was to report the reasons forrequesting neurological consultations by internists and intensivists in a COVID-19-dedicated hospital. Methods: This retrospective study was carried out at Hospital dasClínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, a 900-bedCOVID-19 dedicated center (including 300 intensive care unit beds). COVID-19 diagnosiswas confirmed by SARS-CoV-2-RT-PCR in nasal swabs. All inpatient neurologyconsultations between March 23rd and May 23rd, 2020 were analyzed. Neurologistsperformed the neurological exam, assessed all available data to diagnose theneurological condition, and requested additional tests deemed necessary. Difficultdiagnoses were established in consensus meetings. After diagnosis, neurologists wereinvolved in the treatment. Results: Neurological consultations were requested for 89 outof 1,208 (7.4%) inpatient COVID admissions during that period. Main neurologicaldiagnoses included: encephalopathy (44.4%), stroke (16.7%), previous neurologicaldiseases (9.0%), seizures (9.0%), neuromuscular disorders (5.6%), other acute brainlesions (3.4%), and other mild nonspecific symptoms (11.2%). Conclusions: Mostneurological consultations in a COVID-19-dedicated hospital were requested for severeconditions that could have an impact on the outcome. First-line doctors should be able torecognize neurological symptoms; neurologists are important members of the medicalteam in COVID-19 hospital care.Introdução: Mais de um terço dos pacientes com COVID-19 apresentam sintomasneurológicos que variam de anosmia a AVC e encefalopatia. Além disso, doençasneurológicas prévias podem exigir tratamento especial e estar associadas a pioresdesfechos. Não obstante, o papel dos neurologistas na COVID-19 é provavelmentepouco reconhecido. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar os motivos para solicitarconsultas neurológicas por clínicos e intensivistas em um hospital dedicado à COVID-19. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo realizado no Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade deMedicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil, um centro dedicado à COVID-19 com900 leitos (incluindo 300 leitos para unidades de terapia intensiva). O diagnóstico deCOVID-19 foi confirmado por SARS-CoV-2-RT-PCR em swabs nasais. Todas asinterconsultas de neurologia hospitalar entre 23 de março e 23 de maio de 2020 foramanalisadas. Os neurologistas realizaram o exame neurológico, avaliaram todos os dadosdisponíveis para diagnosticar a patologia neurológica e solicitaram exames adicionaisconforme necessidade. Diagnósticos difíceis foram estabelecidos em reuniões deconsenso. Após o diagnóstico, os neurologistas participaram da condução dos casos.Resultados: Foram solicitadas consultas neurológicas para 89 de 1.208 (7,4%) empacientes internados por COVID-19 durante o período. Os principais diagnósticosneurológicos incluíram: encefalopatia (44,4%), acidente vascular cerebral (16,7%),doenças neurológicas prévias (9,0%), crises epilépticas (9,0%), transtornosneuromusculares (5,6%), outras lesões encefálicas agudas (3,4%) e outros sintomasleves inespecíficos (11,2%). Conclusões: A maioria das consultas neurológicas em umhospital dedicado à COVID-19 foi solicitada para condições graves que poderiam afetaro desfecho clínico. Os médicos na linha de frente devem ser capazes de reconhecersintomas neurológicos. Os neurologistas são membros importantes da equipe médica noatendimento hospitalar à COVID-19