The anatomy as a tool for the identification of the bark of Pterocarpus angolensis and Terminalia sericea

Pterocarpus angolensis and Terminalia sericea are two African species with medicinal potential. Despite the importance of their bark as a powerful astringent to treat various diseases it is poor described. In order to provide referential information for correct identification and standardization of the plant material, bark samples from each two species were collected and analyzed under light and electron microscopy. Some important anatomical features to identification were: the sclerenchyma tissue mostly in form of fibre-sclereids and the large secretory cells arranged in conspicuous rows or tangential bands in the conducting phloem in P. angolensis; the crystalliferous cells arranged in very regular tangential rows (druses) and the occurrence of large crystal cells near or including the tangential fibre bundles in T. sericea bark.The results obtained show that the anatomy of the bark can be used as an important subsidy in identification and standardization of the studied species contributing the scientific knowledge for more effective forms of scrutiny in preventing commercial adulteration of species

Perfil epidemiológico e farmacoterapêutico de pacientes que passaram por consultas farmacêuticas em unidades de saúde de Curitiba, Paraná

Orientador: Profa. Dra. Yanna Dantas RattmannMonografia (graduação) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências da Saúde, Curso de Graduação em FarmáciaInclui referênciasResumo : A Atenção Primária a Saúde (APS) é a porta de entrada dos usuários no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), fazendo parte de toda a Rede de Atenção à Saúde. A APS funciona como um filtro capaz de organizar os serviços nas redes de saúde, coordenar a terapia e trazer melhorias para a saúde individual e coletiva. No SUS o serviço é fortalecido por uma equipe multidisciplinar de profissionais da saúde que podem estar inseridos na Equipe de Saúde da Família ou no Núcleo Ampliado de Saúde da Família e Atenção Básica. Nestas equipes, os farmacêuticos podem atuar no gerenciamento de medicamentos, e realizando consultas farmacêuticas direcionadas principalmente para os doentes crônicos, auxiliando-os no tratamento farmacológico, controle da doença e melhor qualidade de vida dos usuários. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o perfil epidemiológico e farmacoterapêutico de pacientes que passaram por consultas farmacêuticas em unidades de saúde de Curitiba–PR. Realizou-se um estudo observacional descritivo e retrospectivo, quantitativo e realizado com dados secundários. Foram 99 pacientes que passaram por consulta farmacêutica nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) Camargo, São Domingos, Solitude e Uberaba, em Curitiba no período de 2018 a 2021. Desses pacientes, 65,65% eram mulheres com maior representatividade entre 60 e 69 anos e a maioria são polimedicados. Além disso, as doenças crônicas de maior prevalência entre os usuários assistidos pelas consultas farmacêuticas neste estudo foram a hipertensão arterial, diabetes mellitus, e doenças neuropsiquiátricas o que corrobora com dados encontrados na literatura.Abstract : Primary Health Care (PHC) is the gateway for users to the Unified Health System (SUS), forming part of the entire Health Care Network. PHC works as a filter capable of organizing services in health networks, coordinating therapy and bringing improvements to individual and collective health. In the SUS, the service is strengthened by a multidisciplinary team of health professionals who may be part of the Family Health Team or the Expanded Nucleus of Family Health and Primary Care. In these teams, pharmacists can act in medication management, and carrying out pharmaceutical consultations aimed mainly at chronically ill patients, helping them with pharmacological treatment, disease control and better quality of life for users. The objective of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological and pharmacotherapeutic profile of patients who underwent pharmaceutical consultations in health units in Curitiba-PR. A descriptive and retrospective observational study was carried out, quantitative and carried out with secondary data. There were 99 patients who underwent pharmaceutical consultation at the Basic Health Units (UBS) Camargo, São Domingos, Solitude and Uberaba, in Curitiba from 2018 to 2021. Of these patients, 65.65% were women with a greater representation between 60 and 69 years and most are polymedicated. In addition, the most prevalent chronic diseases among users assisted by pharmaceutical consultations in this study were arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and neuropsychiatric diseases, which corroborates with data found in the literature

Biodiversity Studies in Key Species from the African Mopane and Miombo Woodlands

The Southern African Miombo-Mopane woodlands are globally considered as ecosystems with irreplaceable species endemism, being the most important type of vegetation in the region. Among the approximately 8500 plant species, legume trees play a crucial role in biodiversity dynamics, being also key socioeconomic and environmental players. From the ecological point of view, they contribute significantly to ecosystem’s stability as well as to water, carbon, and energy balance. Additionally, legume species represent an immensurable source of timber and nontimber products. Research in Miombo-Mopane biodiversity has been mainly focused on the analysis of ecosystem drivers by means of ecological parameters and models, lacking interdisciplinary with relevant cross-cutting tools, such as the application of molecular markers to assess genetic diversity within the region. In this chapter, the applications and biodiversity dynamics of typical legume species from Miombo (Brachystegia spp., Julbernardia globiflora, and Pterocarpus angolensis) and Mopane (Colophospermum mopane) are reviewed. Gaps and challenges are also brought forward in the context of the lack of genetic diversity assessments and the need of an effective and coordinated network of interdisciplinary research

Monitoring Vegetation Dynamics and Carbon Stock Density in Miombo Woodlands

Background The United Nation’s Program for Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) aims to reduce the 20% contribution to global emissions of greenhouse gases from the forest sector, offering a financial value of the carbon stored in forests as an incentive for local communities. The pre-requisite for the setup of a participatory REDD + Program is the monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) of baseline carbon stocks and their changes over time. In this study, we investigated miombo woodland’s dynamics in terms of composition, structure and biomass over a 4-year period (2005–2009), and the Carbon Stock Density (CSD) for the year 2009. The study was conducted in the Niassa National Reserve (NNR) in northern Mozambique, which is the 14th largest protected area in the world. Results Mean tree density distributed across 79 species increased slightly between 2005 and 2009, respectively, from 548 to 587 trees ha-1. Julbernardia globiflora (Benth.) was the most important species in this area [importance value index (IVI2005= 61 and IVI2009 = 54)]. The woodlands presented an inverted J-shaped diametric curve, with 69% of the individuals representing the young cohort. Woody biomass had a net increase of 3 Mg ha-1 with the highest growth observed in Dyplorhynchus condilocarpon (Müll.Arg.) Pichon (0.54 Mg ha-1). J. globiflora had a net decrease in biomass of 0.09 Mg ha-1. Total CSD density was estimated at ca. 67 MgC ha-1 ± 24.85 with soils (average 34.72 ± 17.93 MgC ha-1) and woody vegetation (average 29.8 MgC ha-1 ± 13.07) representing the major carbon pools. The results point to a relatively stable ecosystem, but they call for the need to refocus management activities. Conclusions The miombo woodlands in NNR are representative of the woodlands in the eco-region in terms of vegetation structure and composition. They experienced net increase in woody biomass, a considerable recruitment level and low mortality. According to our results, NNR may present good potential for carbon sequestration especially in soils and woody biomass, representing an important potential carbon sink. However, further investigations are needed in order to address the contribution of this area to MRV REDD + initiatives

Dataset from 55 experts engaged in nature conservation in Mozambique

Data ArticleThe data of this article is related to the original article entitled “An expert-based approach to assess the potential for local people engagement in nature conservation: The case study of the Niassa National Reserve in Mozambique” [1], published in Journal for Nature Conservation. The dataset is from an online and selfadministrated survey with 55 experts aware of conservation policies and incentives under implementation in the Niassa National Reserve (NNR), the largest protected area in the country and thirdlargest in Africa. The survey included four sections of both compulsory and non-compulsory questions, mostly in closedended Likert-scale. In the first section, experts were asked about the main practices that threaten biodiversity conservation in the NNR, the actors who are directly and indirectly responsible for each practice, and the reasons for local people's involvement with those practices. The second section was about the effectiveness and limitations of the current compensation measures to engage local residents with conservation-friendly practices. In the third section, respondents were asked to select new measures to enhance the current conservation status and engage local people more effectively in conservation. The last section was about the socio-economic profile of respondents. The survey was conducted from June to September 2017. The paper includes the survey itself, raw data in an Excel spreadsheet, descriptive analysis, crosstabulation and Post Hoc cellwise tests (goodness of fit). Data are provided for public use and can serve as a benchmark for collaboration in order to conduct more comprehensive research, comparative analysis as well as panel data can be derived. This data can also have applications in other fields such as mathematics, statistics, and computationinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio