INTERFERÊNCIA DAS CONDIÇÕES CLIMÁTICAS NO PROCESSO DE NITRIFICAÇÃO E DESNITRIFICAÇÃO DE ESGOTO DOMÉSTICO EM SISTEMAS HÍBRIDOS DE FILTROS PLANTADOS COM MACRÓFITAS (WETLANDS CONSTRUÍDOS)

O tratamento de esgoto ainda é priorizado somente para as áreas urbanas, deixando às áreas rurais a necessidade de tratar um efluente que pode ser fonte de benefícios para a agricultura sob a ótica da sustentabilidade. Para áreas rurais, é interessante que se utilize sistemas com reduzida necessidade de operação e manutenção, baixo requerimento energético e aporte de substâncias químicas e que possibilitem, além da remoção de matéria orgânica, a remoção de nutrientes responsáveis pela poluição dos recursos hídricos, como nitrogênio e fósforo. Os wetlands construídos e operados de maneira conjugada - híbrida apresentam essas vantagens em termos de remoção. Dessa forma, conduziu-se essa pesquisa no Centro de Treinamento da Epagri (Cetrevi) no Município de Videira, SC, junto à Estação de Tratamento de Esgoto (ETE), com o intuito de avaliar as interferências das condições climáticas no processo de nitrificação e desnitrificação de esgoto doméstico em sistemas híbridos de wetlands construídos com macrófitas (fluxo vertical – fluxo horizontal). A ETE do Cetrevi é composta por um tanque séptico, um wetlands construído de fluxo vertical seguido de um wetlands construído de fluxo horizontal. Foram avaliados os parâmetros físico-químicos dos efluentes gerados no sistema, bem como as interferências das condições climáticas no processo de nitrificação e desnitrificação. Os resultados obtidos no sistema revelaram baixa remoção de DQO pelo tanque séptico (17%) e remoção satisfatória de SS (61%), com concentração efluente de 52 mg/L. O wetlands construído de fluxo vertical apresentou concentrações efluentes de 102 mg/L, 17 mg/L, 13 mg/L, 1,02 mg/L e 11,72 mg/L, para DQO, SS, N-NH4+, N-NO3- e P-PO43-, respectivamente. As concentrações efluentes ao wetlands construído de fluxo horizontal foram: 44 mg/L, 10 mg/L, 4,4 mg/L, 1,86 mg/L e 7,65 mg/L com eficiência global de 90,6%, 92,6%, 87%, 88% e 79% respectivamente para DQO, SS, N-NH4+, N-NO3- e P-PO43-. As interferências climáticas nos sistemas híbridos são constantes, pois períodos chuvosos e temperaturas variadas contribuem na eficiência do tratamento, principalmente na diluição do efluente e nos processos que ocorrem dentro do sistema.Palavras-chave: Sistemas híbridos. Pós-tratamento de efluentes. Interferências climáticas

Morgagni Hernia Associated with Hiatus Hernia, a Rare Case

The simultaneous occurrence of two separate non-traumatic diaphragmatic hernias is extremely rare. We report a case of an old man with two diaphragmatic hernias (Morgagni and Hiatal hernias) and we also review the clinical and imagiologic features (Radiographic and Computed Tomography) of Morgagni and hiatal herniation

Predicting the tear strength of woven fabrics via automated machine learning: an application of the CRISP-DM methodology

Textile and clothing is an important industry that is currently being transformed by the adoption of the Industry 4.0 concept. In this paper, we use the CRoss-Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM) methodology to model the textile testing process. Real-world data were collected from a Portuguese textile company. Predicting the outcome of a given textile test is beneficial to the company because it can reduce the number of physical samples that are needed to be produced when designing new fabrics. In particular, we target two important textile regression tasks: the tear strength in warp and weft directions. To better focus on feature engineering and data transformations, we adopt an Automated Machine Learning (AutoML) during the modeling stage of the CRISP-DM. Several iterations of the CRISP-DM methodology were employed, using different data preprocessing procedures (e.g., removal of outliers). The best predictive models were achieved after 2 (for warp) and 3 (for weft) CRISP-DM iterations.FEDER - European Regional Development Fund(P2020

An in vitro dynamic model of catheter-associated urinary tract infections to investigate the role of uncommon bacteria on the Escherichia coli microbial consortium

About 9% of nosocomial infections are attributed to catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). Uncommon bacteria (Delftia tusurhatensis) have been isolated in CAUTIs in combination with wellestablished pathogenic bacteria such as E. coli. Nonetheless, the reason why E. coli coexists with other bacteria instead of outcompeting and completely eliminating them are unknown. As such, a flow cell reactor simulating the hydrodynamic conditions found in CAUTIs (shear rate of 15 s-1) was used to characterize the microbial physiology of E. coli and D. tsuruhatensis individually and in consortium, in terms of growth kinetics and substrate uptake. Single-species biofilms showed that up to 48 h the CFU counts significantly increased for both species (p<0.05). After 48 h, both species stabilized with similar CFU values reaching log 6.24 CFU.cm2 for E. coli and log 6.31 CFU.cm2 for D. tsuruhatensis (p>0.05). The assessment of spatial distribution of dual-species biofilms by LNA/2´OMe-FISH revealed that E. coli and D. tsuruhatensis coexist and tend to co-aggregate over time, which implies that bacteria are able to cooperate synergistically. Substrate uptake measurements revealed that in artificial urine medium the bacteria metabolized lactic acid, uric acid (E. coli and D. tsuruhatensis) and citric acid (D. tsuruhatensis). In the consortium, D. tsuruhatensis consumed citric acid more rapidly, presumably leaving more uric acid available in the medium to be used by E. coli. In conclusion, metabolic cooperation between E. coli and uncommon species seems to occur when these species share the same environment, leading to the formation of a stable microbial community

European citizenship in school: supplementing the curriculum

The project of creating a common European citizenship requires that the educational systems from the different member-states of the European Union (EU) contribute to the education of European citizens that are critical and active regarding the objective of continuing and perfecting the European project. In Portugal, previous studies of upper secondary education have shown serious shortcomings, both in the curricula and the textbooks of several subjects, in the pedagogical approaches suggested for the process of teaching/learning about this European dimension. In this article, we have tried to find out which kind of extra and co-curricular activities the schools have been organizing to fill the previously mentioned shortcomings. To that end, we have interviewed 16 teachers from 4 different schools of the Portuguese upper secondary educational system. Their accounts have allowed us to identify several kinds of extra and co-curricular activities that have been implemented by their schools in order to increase their students´ level of knowledge and reflexiveness regarding the EU. The analysis of these accounts has also allowed us to identify both the potential and limitations involved in developing these activities and to make some general recommendations towards improving the conditions for the schools to give a more efficient contribution to the objective of consolidating a active and critical European citizenship.O projeto de criação de uma cidadania europeia comum pede aos sistemas educativos dos vários estados-membros da União Europeia (UE) que contribuam para a formação de cidadãos europeus críticos/as e ativos/as relativamente ao objetivo de prossecução e aperfeiçoamento do projeto europeu. Em Portugal, estudos anteriores ao nível do ensino secundário identificaram sérias lacunas, tanto nos currículos como nos manuais escolares de algumas disciplinas, nas abordagens pedagógicas sugeridas para o processo de ensino/aprendizagem acerca dessa dimensão europeia. Neste artigo, procurou perceber-se que tipos de atividades extra e co-curriculares as escolas têm vindo a dinamizar no sentido de complementar essas lacunas. Para tal, foram entrevistados/as 16 professores/as de 4 escolas do ensino secundário português. Os seus discursos permitiram identificar vários tipos de atividades extra e co-curriculares que têm vindo a ser dinamizadas pelas escolas para aumentarem o conhecimento e o nível de reflexividade dos/as estudantes sobre a UE. A análise desses relatos permitiu ainda identificar potencialidades e limitações inerentes ao desenvolvimento destas atividades, assim como produzir algumas recomendações para que as escolas possam dar uma contribuição mais eficaz ao projeto de consolidação de uma cidadania europeia ativa e crítica

Epidural administration of ropivacaine and its effects on the pharmacodynamics of rocuronium: Randomized controlled trial. Interaction between ropivacaine and rocuronium

Potentiation of neuromuscular blocking agents by local anesthetics has been described in various clinical and experimental studies. This study assessed the influence of epidural ropivacaine on pharmacodynamic characteristics of rocuronium.Design: This was a prospective randomized clinical trial at the women's hospital, an university tertiary hospital in Brazil. Sixty-two patients underwent elective abdominal surgeries requiring general anesthesia.Intervention: Patients were distributed into two groups: Group 1 (general anesthesia and epidural anesthesia) and Group 2 (general anesthesia). In Group 1, 0.2% ropivacaine at a dose of 40 mg (20 ml) was associated with 2 mg (2 ml) of morphine in a single epidural injection. The following parameters were assessed: clinical duration (DC25) and time for recovery of the train-of-four (TOF) 0.9 ratio (T4/T1 = 90%) after an initial 0.6 mg/kg dose of rocuronium. The primary outcomes were DC25and TOF 0.9 ratio (T4/T1 = 90%). Secondary outcomes were total propofol and remifentanil consumption.Results: Values were presented as median and interquartile range. The results for DC25and TOF 0.9 of rocuronium were, respectively, 41.5 35.0-55.0 (25.0-63.0) in Group 1 and 44.0 37.0-51.0 (20.0-67.0) in Group 2 (P = 0.88); 88.0 67.0-99.0 (43.0-137.0) in Group 1; and 80.0 71.0-86.0 (38.0-155.0) in Group 2 (P = 0.83). There was no significant difference between the groups, in terms of pharmacodynamic characteristics of rocuronium. Propofol consumption did not show any difference between the groups. However, remifentanil consumption was significantly lower in Group 1 (P < 0.01).Conclusion: Epidural ropivacaine, in the dose studied, did not prolong the duration of rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade.Trial Registry Number: ReBEC (ref: RBR-7cyp6t)141636

Análisis de la adhesión al tratamiento con antirretrovirales en pacientes con VIH/SIDA

Objetivo: Analisar a adesão de pacientes com HIV/AIDS à terapia antirretroviral. Método: 99 voluntários portadores do vírus HIV sob tratamento foram submetidos à entrevista social e demográfica semiestruturada e ao questionário para avaliação da adesão ao tratamento antirretroviral. Resultados: Na amostra analisada, 52,5% dos voluntários apresentaram boa/adequada adesão ao tratamento, enquanto 33,3% apresentaram baixa/insuficiente. Não houve diferença significativa entre homens e mulheres na pontuação do questionário, nem entre os diferentes graus de instrução. Conclusão: Os principais itens do questionário que contribuíram para aderência boa/adequada foram o impacto positivo do tratamento na saúde e na qualidade de vida, os poucos efeitos colaterais com o início da terapia e a autoavaliação positiva dos participantes quanto à própria adesão à terapia antirretroviral. As principais barreiras detectadas para a baixa/insuficiente adesão à terapia antirretroviral foram o desconhecimento sobre as medicações em uso e o relato de escassez de informação sobre os medicamentos da terapia antirretroviral.Objective: To analyze the compliance to antiretroviral therapy among HIV/AIDS patients. Method: 99 HIV-positive volunteers undergoing treatment responded to a semi-structured sociodemographic interview and to a questionnaire that assessed compliance to antiretroviral treatment. Results: In the sample analyzed, 52.5% of the volunteers presented good/adequate treatment compliance, while 33.3% presented low/insufficient compliance. There was no significant difference between men and women in the questionnaire score, nor between groups with different levels of education. Conclusion: The main items of the questionnaire that contributed to good/adequate compliance were: positive impact of treatment on health and quality of life, few side effects after initiation of therapy, and positive self-evaluation of participants regarding their compliance to antiretroviral therapy. The main barriers detected for compliance to antiretroviral therapy were the lack of knowledge about current medications and the lack of information on antiretroviral therapy drugs.Objetivo: analizar la adhesión de pacientes con VIH/SIDA a la terapia antirretroviral. Método: 99 voluntarios portadores del virus VIH en tratamiento se sometieron a entrevista social y demográfica semiestructurada y al cuestionario de evaluación de la adhesión al tratamiento antirretroviral. Resultados: en la muestra analizada, el 52,5% de los voluntarios presentaba buena/adecuada adhesión al tratamiento, mientras que el 33,3%, baja/insuficiente. No había diferencia significativa entre hombres y mujeres en la puntuación del cuestionario, ni entre los diferentes grados de instrucción. Conclusión: Los puntos principales del cuestionario que contribuyeron a la adherencia buena/adecuada fueron: impacto positivo del tratamiento de la salud y la calidad de vida, pocos efectos colaterales al principio de la terapia y una autoevaluación positiva de los participantes relativa a la propia adhesión a la terapia antirretroviral. Las principales barreras detectadas para la baja/insuficiente adhesión a la terapia antirretroviral fueron el desconocimiento sobre los remedios en uso y la escasez de información sobre los medicamentos de la terapia antirretroviral