Programa deltagen como ferramenta no melhoramento genético em gado de corte

The present work refers to the activities carried out during the period of supervised curricular internship, presenting as a topic of interest the use of the DeltaGen program as a toolfor genetic improvement in beef cattle, monitored in the the same period. The internship was held from January 19 to March 1, 2021, with a workload of 8 hours per day, resulting in 416 hours, under the supervision of Veterinarian Rodrigo Rodrigues Assis. During the internship, monitoring activities were mostly done in the reproduction area on bovine females, such as evaluation of cyclicity and gynecology in heifers, ultrasound examination, estrus synchronization, fixed-time artificial insemination (IATF) and resynchronization. Also including also assistance on cases of mastitis, herniorrhaphy and rectal prolapse. Due to the partnership of the store Agrocerrado Nutrição e Agronegócios with the Santa Tereza II farm, it was possible to monitor selection management on the property. Nevertheless, activities were not restricted only to those areas, it was extended to sales consultancy, software and sales techniques training, budgets and internal purchases,stock management and control, feeding formulation and technical visits in loco.O presente trabalho de conclusão de curso refere-se às atividades desenvolvidas durante o período de estágio curricular supervisionado apresentando como tema de interesse a utilização do programa DeltaGen como ferramenta para melhoramento genético em gado de corte, acompanhado no mesmo período. Este ocorreu durante o período de 19 de janeiro a 01 de março de 2021, comcarga-horária de 8 horas diárias, totalizando 416 horas, sob a supervisão do Médico Veterinário Rodrigo Rodrigues Assis. No estágio teve-se a possíbilidade de acompanhar e realizar algumas atividades na área da reprodução em fêmeas bovinas, como avaliação de ciclicidade e ginecologia emnovilhas, exame ultrassonográfico, sincronização de cio, inseminação artificial em tempo fixo (IATF) e ressincronização. Ainda se teve a oportunidade de acompanhar casos de mastite, herniorrafia e prolapso retal. Por meio da parceria da loja Agrocerrado Nutrição e Agronegócios com a fazenda Santa Tereza II, acompanhou-se o manejo de seleção na propriedade. No entanto, atividades não se restringiram apenas nessas áreas, abrangeu-se para a área de consultoria de vendas, participando de treinamentos de softwares e técnicas de vendas, orçamentos ecompras internas, conferência e organização de estoque, formulação de dietas e visitas técnicas in loco

External location of the buccinator muscle to facilitate electromyographic analysis

Electromyography is frequently used to measure the activity of masticatory muscles. It requires the precise setting of the electrodes, which demands the accurate location of the muscle to be evaluated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the accuracy of an external method to locate the buccinator muscle. Fifteen human cadavers were evaluated and planes were determined on the face using anatomic landmarks. An angle (a) was obtained at the intersection of these planes on the central point of buccinator muscle and measured with a protractor. The value of the angle allows locating the central point of buccinator muscle based on anatomic landmarks on the face. Statistical analysis of the collected data indicated an angle of 90º with 95% reliability, thus proving the efficacy of the proposed method.A eletromiografia é frequentemente utilizada para mensurar a atividade dos músculos mastigatórios. Esta análise exige a colocação precisa dos eletrodos, o que requer a localização exata do músculo a ser avaliado. O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar a acurácia de um método externo para localização do músculo bucinador. Quinze cadáveres humanos foram avaliados e planos foram determinados na face utilizando-se pontos de referência anatômicos. Um ângulo (a) foi obtido na interseção desses planos no ponto central do músculo bucinador e foi medido com um transferidor. O valor do ângulo permite localizar o ponto central do músculo bucinador baseado nos pontos de referência anatômicos da face. A análise estatística dos dados obtidos indicou um ângulo de 90º com 95% de confiabilidade, confirmando dessa forma a eficácia do método proposto.São Paulo State University Dental School of Araraquara Department of Dental Materials and ProsthodonticsSão Paulo State University Dental School of Araraquara Department of MorphologyFederal University of São Paulo Medical School of São Paulo Speech TherapistUNIFESP, Medical School of São Paulo Speech TherapistSciEL

Uso do instrumento CAST em levantamentos epidemiológicos : apresentação dos resultados em comparação ao critério da OMS

O CAST (Caries Assessment Spectrum and Treatment) é um instrumento desenvolvido para a detecção de cárie a ser utilizado em levantamentos epidemiológicos. Foi validado e tem se mostrado efetivo, fornecendo um diagnóstico mais preciso do estado de saúde bucal do que o critério OMS, recomendado pela Organização Mundial da Saúde. O objetivo deste artigo é comparar a apresentação dos resultados de cárie dentária utilizando o instrumento CAST e o critério OMS, numa mesma população. Foram avaliados por dois examinadores treinados na utilização do instrumento CAST 680 escolares de 6 a 8 anos do Distrito Federal, Brasil. A avaliação constou do índice de placa visível (IPV) e do índice de sangramento gengival (ISG). Os escores CAST dente foram convertidos em componentes ceo/CPO e calculados os ceod/CPOD. Os pais responderam a um questionário sociodemográfico. A idade média foi 7,45 anos (± 0,91). A prevalência de cárie na dentição decídua foi de 65,44% e 61,61%, considerando o CAST e o critério da OMS, respectivamente; na dentição permanente: 38,19% e 10,2%, respectivamente. A média do ceod foi de 2.4 (± 2.7) e a média do CPOD 0.16 (± 0.53). o IPV foi associado a maiores CAST máximos p < 0,005. O instrumento CAST demonstrou maior sensibilidade em identificar a presença e gravidade de lesões cariosas quando comparado ao critério OMS.Caries Assessment Spectrum and Treatment (CAST) is an instrument developed for caries detection to be used in epidemiological surveys; it has been validated and is believed to provide a clearer picture of the oral health status than the criteria provided by the World Health Organization (WHO). This article aims to compare the epidemiological survey results using the CAST instrument and the WHO criteria in the same population. 680 schoolchildren aged 6-8 years from Federal District, Brazil, were evaluated by two examiners trained to use the CAST. The visible plaque index (VPI) and gingival bleeding index (GBI) were also evaluated. The maximum CAST codes per tooth were converted into the dmf/DMF, the mean scores for primary and permanent dentition were calculated. The mean age was 7.45(± 0.91) years. The prevalence of caries differed when CAST and the WHO criteria were applied. In the primary dentition, it was 65.44% and 61.61%, and for the permanent dentition, 38.19% and 10.2%, respectively. It was possible to calculate the mean dmft [2.4(± 2.7)] and the DMFT [0.16(± 0.53)] using CAST. VPI was associated with higher maximum CAST scores p < 0,005. The way CAST results are presented showed a higher sensibility to identify the presence and severity of carious lesions in comparison to the WHO criteria

Perfis proteicos de café durante a fermentação por diferentes métodos de inoculação de leveduras

The objective of this work was to evaluate the protein profiles of natural and semidry fermented Coffea arabica, either subjected to treatments with different yeast inoculation methods with starter culture or to an uninoculated control. Saccharomyces cerevisiae CCMA 0543 and Candida parapsilosis CCMA 0544 were separately inoculated into coffee by directly spraying the cherries on a terrace or in buckets, for 16 hours before sun drying. Protein quantification showed a significant difference between the protein profiles of the samples collected after natural dry fermentation. The MALDI-TOF MS analysis generated a list of 96 peaks with different mass-to-charge ratios (m/z) in the samples collected at the beginning and the end of fermentation. The highest number of peaks in the natural dry coffee was observed at the end of fermentation in the samples inoculated with S. cerevisiae CCMA 0543, in bucket, and in C. parapsilosis CCMA 0544 sprayed on the terrace. However, in the semidry processed coffee, the highest number of peaks was observed in the initial fermentation, with a decrease in the peptide peaks after fermentation. The fermentation with different microorganisms, processing types, and inoculation methods affects m/z profiles, influencing the types of proteins found in coffee. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o perfil proteico de café arábica (Coffea arabica) fermentado por via natural e semisseco, submetido ou a tratamentos com diferentes métodos de inoculação com culturas iniciadoras ou a um controle sem inoculação. Saccharomyces cerevisiae CCMA 0543 e Candida parapsilosis CCMA 0544 foram inoculadas separadamente no café, por pulverização direta nos frutos-cereja, em um terreiro suspenso, ou em baldes, por 16 horas antes da secagem ao sol. A quantificação de proteínas mostrou uma diferença significativa no perfil proteico das amostras colhidas, após fermentação seca natural. A análise MALDI-TOF MS gerou uma lista de 96 picos com diferentes proporções massa/carga (m/z), nas amostras colhidas no início e ao final da fermentação. O maior número de picos no café processado seco ao natural foi observado ao final da fermentação nas amostras com inoculação de S. cerevisiae CCMA 0543, no balde e nas amostras de C. parapsilosis CCMA 0544 pulverizadas no terraço. No entanto, no café processado semisseco, o maior número de picos foi observado no tempo inicial de fermentação, com diminuição dos picos dos peptídeos após a fermentação. A fermentação com diferentes microrganismos, tipos de processamento e métodos de inoculação afeta os perfis m/z e influencia os tipos de proteínas encontradas no café.

Selective carious tissue removal using subjective criteria or polymer bur: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial (SelecCT)

Introduction: Selective (incomplete/partial) carious tissue removal is suitable for treating deep carious lesions in teeth with vital, asymptomatic pulps. In the periphery of a cavity, removal to hard dentin is performed, while in pulpo-proximal areas, leathery or soft dentin is left to avoid pulp exposure. As the decision of what contains 'soft' or 'leathery' dentin is subjective, using self-limiting burs which help to standardise the hardness of the remaining dentin, has been suggested to increase the reliability of carious tissue removal. The trial compares subjectively measured selective carious tissue removal in deep lesions in primary teeth with objectively measured selective removal with a self-limiting bur (Polybur, Komet). Methods and analysis: A community-based single-blind clustered randomised controlled superiority trial nested into a larger evaluation is performed. Recruitment for this trial has been concluded. We have recruited 115 children aged 6-8 years with >= 1 vital primary molar with a deep dentin lesion. The unit of randomisation was the child, with all eligible molars per child treated identically. Treatment was performed in a mobile dental unit. Subjective and objective carious tissue removal was performed at random. Teeth were restored using glass ionomer cement (Equia Forte, GC). Our primary outcome will be the time until complications occur, evaluated via multilevel survival analysis. Secondary outcomes will be the time until extraction is needed, subjective satisfaction of the child with the treatment (measured using a Likert scale) and cost-effectiveness. Re-examination will be performed after 12, 24 and 36 months (the final examination is expected in 2020). Ethics and dissemination: This trial has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Health Sciences of the University of Brasilia (CAAE 51310415.0.0000.0030). Trial results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented on conferences

Is there an association between dental caries, fluorosis, and molar-incisor hypomineralization?

Objective: This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of dental caries, dental fluorosis, and molar-incisor hypomineralization, and their associations in a group of Brazilian schoolchildren. Methodology:Adolescents (n=411) were evaluated by two calibrated examiners for dental caries (DC), dental fluorosis (DF), and molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) using the CAST (Caries Assessment Spectrum and Treatment) instrument, Thylstrup and Fejerskov (TF) index, and MIH Severity Scoring System (MIH-SSS), respectively. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. Results:The sample comprised 42.75% boys and 57.25% girls. The prevalence of DC in permanent dentition was 94.75%, of which 29% were represented by dentin lesions. For DF, a prevalence of 40.75% was observed, with 69.32% mild, 12.88% moderate, and 17.79% severe. A positive association between the source of water and fluorosis was detected (p=0.01). The prevalence of MIH was 18%. Thirty adolescents (41.7%) presented with severe MIH. No association was found between DF or MIH and dentin DC or between MIH and DF at the individual level. However, a significant negative relationship was detected between DF and dentin carious lesions ( p &lt;0.005) and DF and MIH ( p &lt;0.00001) at the tooth level, whereas a positive association was observed between MIH and dentin carious lesions ( p &lt;0.00001). A positive association was also observed between the severity of both conditions ( p &lt;0.00001). Mild DF was the most prevalent problem observed. Cases of teeth with mild MIH were the most predominant in MIH-affected teeth.&nbsp;Conclusions: No association was observed among the dentin carious lesions, MIH, and DF at the participant level. However, a positive association between MIH and dentin carious lesions was found at the tooth level, whereas MIH, DF, and DF and dentin carious lesions showed a negative relationship.&nbsp

Development of a word reading test: identifying students at-risk for reading problems

The aim of this study was twofold. In Study 1, we described the development of four forms of a test of word read- ing (TLP – Teste de Leitura de Palavras) for elementary school children (grades 1 to 4), using the Rasch model. An initial pool of 142 words was selected and tested on 905 Portuguese students. Rasch analyses allowed the devel- opment of a shorter version of the test for each grade with adjusted values concerning reliability coefficients and item local independence. In Study 2 (n = 325), the classification accuracy of the TLP to identify at-risk students for reading problems was examined based on several indices. Results indicated that each test form of the TLP pre- sented overall satisfactory classification accuracy in identifying at-risk readers with a criterion of 0.80 to set the sensitivity levels.CiPsi - Psychology Research Centre, Uminho (UID/PSI/ 01662/2013), PortugalCIEC – Research Centre on Child Studies, IE, UMinho (FCT R&D unit 317), PortugalThis study was conducted at Psychology Research Centre (UID/PSI/ 01662/2013), University of Minho, and supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) and the Portuguese Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education through national funds and, when applicable, co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) through COMPETE2020 under the PT2020 Partnership Agreement (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007653) and by Grant FCOMP-01-0124- FEDER-010733 from FCT and FEDER through the European program COMPETE (Operational Programme for Competitiveness Factors) under the National Strategic Reference Framework (QREN). The first author is also supported by grant from FCT (Grant SFRH/BD/78546/2011).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio