Possibilities of timber high-rise: A parametric study on the possibilities of timber high-rise in The Netherlands

Sustainability is an important aspect in the construction industry nowadays and therefore timber is interesting to use as it is considered a sustainable building material. With the development of mass timber engineered products such as glued and cross laminated timber, there are more and more possibilities to use timber as a structural element, but this material is not yet widely used in high-rise buildings. Recent research has shown different aspects to take into account when using timber. Due to the lightweight, high flexibility and strength, attention must be paid to the dynamic behaviour and the high horizontal deflections of the top levels of the building due to wind. A parametric model is used to generate the structural model, which enables you to easily change certain parameters to gain a quick insight into the consequences of these changes on the behaviour of the structure. The model is developed in the program Autodesk Dynamo, where a plug-in developed by the company Arcadis is used to connect Dynamo to a FEA application called RFEM to be able to check the generated structure on relevant criteria. The parametric model is able to design a building which has certain dimensions and lateral stability systems which can be changed. It is chosen to implement lateral stability systems consisting of shear core(s), a diagrid and a tube, which can be used either independently or combined. The connections between the elements cannot be modelled with a finite stiffness using the Arcadis plug-in. Therefore, several assumptions had to be made to encounter for the characteristics of the connections. The Young’s modulus of the structural elements are modified to take into account the stiffness of the connections and openings in surfaces if present. To check if the parametric model gives satisfying results, a case study is performed on the BrockCommons Tallwood House. This showed that the parametric model gives satisfactory results. A parametric study is performed to check the possibilities of timber high-rise regarding maximum building height in The Netherlands. An office building with a width of 32.4 metres, a depth of 28.8 metres with a specific floor plan and connection characteristics is used. Optimal configurations regarding compressive and tensile resistance of connections between structural elements are resolved using MATLAB and the reduction of Young’s modulus of the elements is determined using the specific connection characteristics. The connections used in the parametric study are compared to commonly used connections regarding strength and stiffness. Furthermore, an insight is given on the influence of the stiffness of the connections on the structure. The maximum building heights are investigated for stability systems consisting of either a shear core, diagrid, tube or a combination of 2 stability systems. Results show that a 4-storey diagrid system with infinite stiff connections can reach the greatest height of 187.2metres. No additional measures had to be taken to ensure that each structure complied with the maximum acceleration limit for office buildings. Finally, a comparisonis made between the stability systems with regard to total timber volume and steel mass usage.Civil Engineering | Structural Engineerin

Parametrisch-geometrische modellen: Voor beoordeling van zonreflecties en andere bouwfysica-vraagstukken

Innovatieve software komt regelmatig op de markt, maar Rhinoceros-Grasshopper heeft een compleet nieuwe wereld aan mogelijkheden ontsloten. Ook voor de bouwfysicus is dit zeer relevant. Doordat gebruik wordt gemaakt van een intuïtieve, parametrische en grafische programmeertaal, kunnen complexe geometrische problemen zeer snel worden gemodelleerd en opgelost. Dit artikel beschrijft een bouwfysisch probleem dat in de ontwerpfase al voorkomen had kunnen worden door het snel en effectief door te rekenen met deze tool

Parametrisch-geometrische modellen: Voor beoordeling van zonreflecties en andere bouwfysica-vraagstukken

Innovatieve software komt regelmatig op de markt, maar Rhinoceros-Grasshopper heeft een compleet nieuwe wereld aan mogelijkheden ontsloten. Ook voor de bouwfysicus is dit zeer relevant. Doordat gebruik wordt gemaakt van een intuïtieve, parametrische en grafische programmeertaal, kunnen complexe geometrische problemen zeer snel worden gemodelleerd en opgelost. Dit artikel beschrijft een bouwfysisch probleem dat in de ontwerpfase al voorkomen had kunnen worden door het snel en effectief door te rekenen met deze tool.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Applied MechanicsBuilding PhysicsDesign Informatic

Neuropsychological Subgroups of Emotion Processing in Youths With Conduct Disorder

Background: At the group level, youths with conduct disorder (CD) show deficient emotion processing across various tasks compared to typically developing controls (TDC). But little is known about neuropsychological subgroups within the CD population, the clinical correlates of emotion processing deficits [for instance, with regard to the presence or absence of the DSM-5 Limited Prosocial Emotions (LPE) specifier], and associated risk factors. Methods: 542 children and adolescents with CD (317 girls) and 710 TDCs (479 girls), aged 9–18 years, were included from the FemNAT-CD multisite study. All participants completed three neuropsychological tasks assessing emotion recognition, emotion learning, and emotion regulation. We used a self-report measure of callous-unemotional traits to create a proxy for the LPE specifier. Results: Relative to TDCs, youths with CD as a group performed worse in all three emotion domains. But using clinically based cut-off scores, we found poor emotion recognition skills in only 23% of the participants with CD, followed by emotion regulation deficits in 18%, and emotion learning deficits in 13% of the CD group. Critically, the majority of youths with CD (~56%) did not demonstrate any meaningful neuropsychological deficit, and only a very small proportion showed pervasive deficits across all three domains (~1%). Further analyses indicate that established DSM-5 subtypes of CD are not tightly linked to neurocognitive deficits in one particular emotion domain over another (i.e., emotion recognition deficits in CD+LPE vs. emotion regulation deficits in CD–LPE). Conclusions: Findings from this large-scale data set suggest substantial neuropsychological diversity in emotion processing in the CD population and, consequently, only a subgroup of youths with CD are likely to benefit from additional behavioral interventions specifically targeting emotion processing mechanisms

Neuropsychological subgroups of emotion processing in youths with conduct disorder

Background: At the group level, youths with conduct disorder (CD) show deficient emotion processing across various tasks compared to typically developing controls (TDC). But little is known about neuropsychological subgroups within the CD population, the clinical correlates of emotion processing deficits [for instance, with regard to the presence or absence of the DSM-5 Limited Prosocial Emotions (LPE) specifier], and associated risk factors. Methods: 542 children and adolescents with CD (317 girls) and 710 TDCs (479 girls), aged 9–18 years, were included from the FemNAT-CD multisite study. All participants completed three neuropsychological tasks assessing emotion recognition, emotion learning, and emotion regulation. We used a self-report measure of callous-unemotional traits to create a proxy for the LPE specifier. Results: Relative to TDCs, youths with CD as a group performed worse in all three emotion domains. But using clinically based cut-off scores, we found poor emotion recognition skills in only 23% of the participants with CD, followed by emotion regulation deficits in 18%, and emotion learning deficits in 13% of the CD group. Critically, the majority of youths with CD (~56%) did not demonstrate any meaningful neuropsychological deficit, and only a very small proportion showed pervasive deficits across all three domains (~1%). Further analyses indicate that established DSM-5 subtypes of CD are not tightly linked to neurocognitive deficits in one particular emotion domain over another (i.e., emotion recognition deficits in CD+LPE vs. emotion regulation deficits in CD–LPE). Conclusions: Findings from this large-scale data set suggest substantial neuropsychological diversity in emotion processing in the CD population and, consequently, only a subgroup of youths with CD are likely to benefit from additional behavioral interventions specifically targeting emotion processing mechanisms