Gestión escolar para implementar una metodología constructivista en la formación valoral

El propósito de este trabajo fue realizar una propuesta de acompañamiento docente para mejorar la didáctica de la formación valoral que se da en el Colegio Campoverde. Después de realizar un diagnóstico, se identificaron inconsistencias entre lo que plantea la ideología institucional, los referentes directivos y los enfoques que los docentes trabajan. Se realizó una estrategia de intervención que tuvo el objetivo de capacitar a los docentes para que transformaran su práctica mediante la implementación de una nueva metodología de trabajo en el aula que enriquezca la formación en valores con un enfoque actualizado y coherente con la orientación pedagógica de la institución

Explanatory Model on Academic Self-Efficacy in Engineering Students: Role of Anxiety, Dysthymia, and Negative Affect

Students in engineering tend to be loners, making interpersonal relationships and mental health issues more likely to arise. The COVID pandemic caused university students to experience anxi-ety and depression, which affected their academic performance and self-esteem. However, stu-dents’ mental health was rarely evaluated after the pandemic, especially engineering students, who showed higher levels of depression than students from other disciplines. The present study aims to establish an explanatory model of academic self-efficacy based on factors related to mental health, such as anxiety, depression, and negative emotions. The method used was quan-titative cross-sectional, and a structural equation modeling was used. A sample of 561 students (54.4% males and 45.6% females) was analyzed. Instruments to measure self-efficacy, negative affect, depression, and anxiety, previously validated and with adequate reliability, were applied. The results showed that a state of anxiety affects academic self-efficacy negatively and directly; depression and negative affect indirectly affect academic self-efficacy mediated by a state of anxiety. These results show that a student with depression problems and a predominance of negative emotions is vulnerable to present anxiety in an academic setting. This anxiety causes his efficacy beliefs to decrease. As a result, he does not feel capable of facing academic challenges

Effect of Self-Efficacy and Eustress on Procrastination: A Multigroup Analysis

Introducción: La autoeficacia y el eutrés son elementos motivacionales que guían al éxito académico; mientras que la procrastinación guía al fracaso. Está comprobado que la autoeficacia y eutrés afectan a las conductas de procrastinación, pero ¿en qué medida? Además, en la literatura se evidencian diferencias entre el género en relación con estas variables. No obstante, estos estudios no son concluyentes. Por ello, esta investigación tuvo por objetivo establecer un modelo explicativo e invariante del efecto de la autoeficacia hacia las conductas de procrastinación, mediado por el eutrés. Metodología: Se utilizó el diseño de regresiones estructurales con variables latentes, y se aplicó invarianza multigrupo. La muestra fue no probabilística de 1224 universitarios (61.5% mujeres) entre 18 a 35 años (M = 22.89; DE = 5.46). Resultados: Se hallaron adecuados índices de ajuste del modelo planteado (CFI = 0.951, TLI = 0.943, RMSEA = 0.041) donde se demostró el efecto directo, indirecto y total, a través del eutrés, sobre la conducta de postergación y autorregulación. El tamaño del efecto sobre la autorregulación fue largo (f 2 = 0.54) y pequeño para la postergación (f 2 = 0.14). Asimismo, el modelo resultó ser invariante entre hombres y mujeres. Conclusiones: El estudiante con alta autoeficacia y estrés positivo, será capaz de autorregular su comportamiento académico y evitar la postergación de tareas.Introduction: Self-efficacy and eutress are motivational elements that lead academic success; while procrastination leads to failure. Self-efficacy and stress have been shown to affect procrastination behaviors, but to what extent? In addition, differences between gender in relation to these variables are evident in the literature. However, these studies are not conclusive. Therefore, this research aimed to establish an explanatory and invariant model of the effect of self-efficacy toward procrastination behaviors, mediated by eutres. Methodology: The method used is structural regressions with latent variables, and multigroup invariance was applied. The sample was nonprobabilistic of 1224 university students (61.5% women) between 18 and 35 years old (M = 22.89; SD = 5.46). Results: Adequate fit indices of the proposed model were found (CFI = 0.951, TLI = 0.943, RMSEA = 0.041) where the direct, indirect and total effect was demonstrated, through the eutres, on postponement and self-regulation. The effect size for self-regulation was large (f 2 = 0.54) and small for postponement (f 2 = 0.14). Furthermore, the model turned out to be invariant between men and women. Conclusions: Student with high self-efficacy and positive stress, will be able to self-regulate his academic behavior and avoid postponement of tasks

Autoeficacia y actividad física en niños mexicanos con obesidad y sobrepeso

This is an exploratory, descriptive, research, designed as a field test before and after intervention in non-coupled groups, to work with over weight and obese children and their families (intervention group); versus working without the individual's family members, to assess the degree of self-efficacy for the physical activity Program. Therewere significative differences of self efficacy changes among two groups before and after intervention. Some difficulties related to methodology and instruments were found and practical difficulties were reported such a previous studies with similar interventions studies. Conclusions: Promoting physical requires considering to include in the future another intraindividual characteristics of the children and families such as self-steem, body image and social support environmental.El estudio es una investigación de corte exploratorio, descriptivo como experimento de campo pre y post intervención en grupos pareados para trabajar con niños que tienen obesidad y sobrepeso y sus familias (el grupo de intervención) versus la ausencia de sus familias (grupo control), para evaluar los niveles de autoeficacia en un programa universitario de actividad física. Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos en la pre y la post intervención. Los escasos trabajos de intervención encontrados similares a este estudio en niños con obesidad y sus familias permite comprender las dificultades prácticas reportadas en este y otros estudios tienen que ver con los instrumentos aplicados y la metodología empleada y nos llevan a la conclusión de considerar en futuros estudios variables como autoestima, auto imagen y apoyo social de los niños con obesidad y sus familias

Diagnóstico del posgrado en México. Región Centro Occidente

El estudio tiene como propósito analizar la estructura institucional de la oferta del Posgrado en la Región Centro Occidente, con la finalidad de identificar fortalezas y debilidades y con ello proponer políticas públicas para el impulso de la calidad de los estudios de posgrado en México. Con base en la información nacional se elaboraron seis diagnósticos regionales y un diagnóstico nacional del posgrado. En este volumen se presentan los resultados de la Región Centro Occidente que incluye los estados Jalisco, Colima, Guanajuato, Nayarit, Michoacán y Aguascalientes. Se analizan las características de las Instituciones de Educación Superior que impactan en los posgrados que imparten, tales como origen de financiamiento, grado de desarrollo de su normativa, así como las formas de evaluación, entre otras. Se revisan las características académicas, administrativas y financieras de los programas de posgrado como niveles, orientación, modalidades, formación de competencias. Se da cuenta de las características de los actores del posgrado: estudiantes, coordinadores, egresados. Se presentan las relaciones de los posgrados con el entorno y se ofrece una sistematización y análisis cualitativo respecto a lo que los coordinadores identifican como problemas y perspectivas a futuro y estrategias de fortalecimiento del posgrado.Consejo Mexicano de Estudios de PosgradoConsejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologí

Is poetry therapy an appropriate intervention for clients recovering from anorexia? A critical review of the literature and client report

© 2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Poetry therapy is an arts-based psychotherapeutic intervention, often delivered in groups. This paper argues that the process and benefits of poetry therapy may be particularly suited to clients recovering from anorexia, as an adjunct to other treatments. Poetry therapy and its history are described briefly, and the relevance of poetry therapy for clients recovering from anorexia is outlined. After one client contributes her experience of this treatment for illustration, the paper offers a review of the evidence base for poetry therapy for eating disorders, and argues that, while research is limited, further research is warranted. Finally, a description of one form of clinical application is offered, to enable replication

Long-term antibiotic therapy in patients with surgery-indicated not undergoing surgery infective endocarditis

Background: To date, there is little information regarding management of patients with infective endocarditis (IE) that did not undergo an indicated surgery. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate prognosis of these patients treated with a long-term antibiotic treatment strategy, including oral long term suppressive antibiotic treatment in five referral centres with a multidisciplinary endocarditis team. Methods: This retrospective, multicenter study retrieved individual patient-level data from five referral centres in Spain. Among a total of 1797, 32 consecutive patients with IE were examined (median age 72 years; 78% males) who had not undergone an indicated surgery, but received long-term antibiotic treatment (LTAT) and were followed by a multidisciplinary endocarditis team, between 2011 and 2019. Primary outcomes were infection relapse and mortality during follow-up. Results: Among 32 patients, 21 had IE associated with prostheses. Of the latter, 8 had an ascending aorta prosthetic graft. In 24 patients, a switch to long-term oral suppressive antibiotic treatment (LOSAT) was considered. The median duration of LOSAT was 277 days. Four patients experienced a relapse during follow-up. One patient died within 60 days, and 12 patients died between 60 days and 3 years. However, only 4 deaths were related to IE. Conclusions: The present study results suggest that a LTAT strategy, including LOSAT, might be considered for patients with IE that cannot undergo an indicated surgery. After hospitalization, they should be followed by a multidisciplinary endocarditis team

Insights from the genome of the biotrophic fungal plant pathogen Ustilago maydis

Ustilago maydis is a ubiquitous pathogen of maize and a well-established model organism for the study of plant-microbe interactions. This basidiomycete fungus does not use aggressive virulence strategies to kill its host. U. maydis belongs to the group of biotrophic parasites (the smuts) that depend on living tissue for proliferation and development. Here we report the genome sequence for a member of this economically important group of biotrophic fungi. The 20.5-million-base U. maydis genome assembly contains 6,902 predicted protein-encoding genes and lacks pathogenicity signatures found in the genomes of aggressive pathogenic fungi, for example a battery of cell-wall-degrading enzymes. However, we detected unexpected genomic features responsible for the pathogenicity of this organism. Specifically, we found 12 clusters of genes encoding small secreted proteins with unknown function. A significant fraction of these genes exists in small gene families. Expression analysis showed that most of the genes contained in these clusters are regulated together and induced in infected tissue. Deletion of individual clusters altered the virulence of U. maydis in five cases, ranging from a complete lack of symptoms to hypervirulence. Despite years of research into the mechanism of pathogenicity in U. maydis, no 'true' virulence factors had been previously identified. Thus, the discovery of the secreted protein gene clusters and the functional demonstration of their decisive role in the infection process illuminate previously unknown mechanisms of pathogenicity operating in biotrophic fungi. Genomic analysis is, similarly, likely to open up new avenues for the discovery of virulence determinants in other pathogens. ©2006 Nature Publishing Group.J.K., M. B. and R.K. thank G. Sawers and U. Kämper for critical reading of the manuscript. The genome sequencing of Ustilago maydis strain 521 is part of the fungal genome initiative and was funded by National Human Genome Research Institute (USA) and BayerCropScience AG (Germany). F.B. was supported by a grant from the National Institutes of Health (USA). J.K. and R.K. thank the German Ministry of Education and Science (BMBF) for financing the DNA array setup and the Max Planck Society for their support of the manual genome annotation. F.B. was supported by a grant from the National Institutes of Health, B.J.S. was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and the Canada Foundation for Innovation, J.W.K. received funding from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, J.R.-H. received funding from CONACYT, México, A.M.-M. was supported by a fellowship from the Humboldt Foundation, and L.M. was supported by an EU grant. Author Contributions All authors were involved in planning and executing the genome sequencing project. B.W.B., J.G., L.-J.M., E.W.M., D.D., C.M.W., J.B., S.Y., D.B.J., S.C., C.N., E.K., G.F., P.H.S., I.H.-H., M. Vaupel, H.V., T.S., J.M., D.P., C.S., A.G., F.C. and V. Vysotskaia contributed to the three independent sequencing projects; M.M., G.M., U.G., D.H., M.O. and H.-W.M. were responsible for gene model refinement, database design and database maintenance; G.M., J. Kämper, R.K., G.S., M. Feldbrügge, J.S., C.W.B., U.F., M.B., B.S., B.J.S., M.J.C., E.C.H.H., S.M., F.B., J.W.K., K.J.B., J. Klose, S.E.G., S.J.K., M.H.P., H.A.B.W., R.deV., H.J.D., J.R.-H., C.G.R.-P., L.O.-C., M.McC., K.S., J.P.-M., J.I.I., W.H., P.G., P.S.-A., M. Farman, J.E.S., R.S., J.M.G.-P., J.C.K., W.L. and D.H. were involved in functional annotation and interpretation; T.B., O.M., L.M., A.M.-M., D.G., K.M., N.R., V. Vincon, M. VraneŠ, M.S. and O.L. performed experiments. J. Kämper, R.K. and M.B. wrote and edited the paper with input from L.-J.M., J.G., F.B., J.W.K., B.J.S. and S.E.G. Individual contributions of authors can be found as Supplementary Notes