Ancient mitochondrial DNA provides high-resolution time scale of the peopling of the Americas

The exact timing, route, and process of the initial peopling of the Americas remains uncertain despite much research. Archaeological evidence indicates the presence of humans as far as southern Chile by 14.6 thousand years ago (ka), shortly after the Pleistocene ice sheets blocking access from eastern Beringia began to retreat. Genetic estimates of the timing and route of entry have been constrained by the lack of suitable calibration points and low genetic diversity of Native Americans. We sequenced 92 whole mitochondrial genomes from pre-Columbian South American skeletons dating from 8.6 to 0.5 ka, allowing a detailed, temporally calibrated reconstruction of the peopling of the Americas in a Bayesian coalescent analysis. The data suggest that a small population entered the Americas via a coastal route around 16.0 ka, following previous isolation in eastern Beringia for ~2.4 to 9 thousand years after separation from eastern Siberian populations. Following a rapid movement throughout the Americas, limited gene flow in South America resulted in a marked phylogeographic structure of populations, which persisted through time. All of the ancient mitochondrial lineages detected in this study were absent from modern data sets, suggesting a high extinction rate. To investigate this further, we applied a novel principal components multiple logistic regression test to Bayesian serial coalescent simulations. The analysis supported a scenario in which European colonization caused a substantial loss of pre-Columbian lineages

Retos de la Antropología aplicada. Num. 35 (2005) Vol. 12 septiembre-diciembre. Cuicuilco Revista de la Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia

- Presentación, por Marisol Pérez Lizaur y Andrés Latapí Escalante - Dossier: - El agua y cultura en la frontera norte: México-USA. La cuenca del Río Grande-Río Bravo, por Tomás Martínez Saldaña - Políticas públicas en tecnologías de la información. La pertinencia antropológica, por María Teresa Márquez Chang y Carmen Bueno Castellanos - Antropólogos aplicados, demandantes y usuarios: la importancia de las relaciones sociales en el planteamiento e instrumentación de los proyectos, por Marisol Pérez Lizaur - Antropología aplicada en un despacho de consultoría: una revisión metodológica de casos aplicados en México, por José Luis García Chagoyán - Enseñanza y aprendizaje de la antropología aplicada en México, por Andrés Latapí Escalante - Miscelánea: - El episcopado mexicano durante el conflicto religioso en México de 1926 a 1929, por Andrea Mutolo - Elucidaciones en torno de una analogía, por David Sámano Chávez - Conocimiento médico-tradicional a través de la ética de un curandero de la Huasteca hidalguense, por Doris Castañeda Abanto y Pilar Alberti Manzanares - Procedencia F10: una momia traspapelada, por Ilán Santiago Leboreiro Reyna - Reseñas: - Espejos de la Guerra Fría: México, América Central y el Caribe, por Pablo Yankelevich - Los que hablan la lengua. Etnografía de los zoques chimalapas, por Andrés Oseguera

Ancient mitochondrial DNA provides high-resolution time scale of the peopling of the Americas.

The exact timing, route, and process of the initial peopling of the Americas remains uncertain despite much research. Archaeological evidence indicates the presence of humans as far as southern Chile by 14.6 thousand years ago (ka), shortly after the Pleistocene ice sheets blocking access from eastern Beringia began to retreat. Genetic estimates of the timing and route of entry have been constrained by the lack of suitable calibration points and low genetic diversity of Native Americans. We sequenced 92 whole mitochondrial genomes from pre-Columbian South American skeletons dating from 8.6 to 0.5 ka, allowing a detailed, temporally calibrated reconstruction of the peopling of the Americas in a Bayesian coalescent analysis. The data suggest that a small population entered the Americas via a coastal route around 16.0 ka, following previous isolation in eastern Beringia for ~2.4 to 9 thousand years after separation from eastern Siberian populations. Following a rapid movement throughout the Americas, limited gene flow in South America resulted in a marked phylogeographic structure of populations, which persisted through time. All of the ancient mitochondrial lineages detected in this study were absent from modern data sets, suggesting a high extinction rate. To investigate this further, we applied a novel principal components multiple logistic regression test to Bayesian serial coalescent simulations. The analysis supported a scenario in which European colonization caused a substantial loss of pre-Columbian lineages

Data from: Ancient mitochondrial DNA provides high-resolution time scale of the peopling of the Americas

The exact timing, route, and process of the initial peopling of the Americas remains uncertain despite much research. Archaeological evidence indicates the presence of humans as far as southern Chile by 14.6 thousand years ago (ka), shortly after the Pleistocene ice sheets blocking access from eastern Beringia began to retreat. Genetic estimates of the timing and route of entry have been constrained by the lack of suitable calibration points and low genetic diversity of Native Americans. We sequenced 92 whole mitochondrial genomes from pre-Columbian South American skeletons dating from 8.6 to 0.5 ka, allowing a detailed, temporally calibrated reconstruction of the peopling of the Americas in a Bayesian coalescent analysis. The data suggest that a small population entered the Americas via a coastal route around 16.0 ka, following previous isolation in eastern Beringia for ~2.4 to 9 thousand years after separation from eastern Siberian populations. Following a rapid movement throughout the Americas, limited gene flow in South America resulted in a marked phylogeographic structure of populations, which persisted through time. All of the ancient mitochondrial lineages detected in this study were absent from modern data sets, suggesting a high extinction rate. To investigate this further, we applied a novel principal components multiple logistic regression test to Bayesian serial coalescent simulations. The analysis supported a scenario in which European colonization caused a substantial loss of pre-Columbian lineages