Codificación de información mediante códigos de barras

Se presentan en este artículo varios sistemas de codificación de información mediante códigos de barras. En particular se detalla la forma de elaborar el código de barras EAN13, posiblemente el más utilizado en la actualidad, y su relación con otro de los códigos más empleados: el ISBN para la catalogación de libros. Se incluyen y comentan los procesos matemáticos empleados para elaborar tales códigosPeer reviewe

Data Management Plan. Caso de uso IRYCIS.

Presentación de Ángel Luis Del Rey-Mejías en la Jornada de Ciencia abierta en los Institutos de Investigación Sanitaria el día 29 /06/2021.1) Data Management Plan. 2) Casos de mejora .2.1.Biobanco .2.2.Anonimización .2.3.Tratamiento de Imágenes (ARX) 3) El Lago de Datos 4) Casos de éxitoN

The use of linear hybrid cellular automata as pseudorandom bit generators in cryptography

The main goal of this paper is to study the behaviour of a particular type of hybrid cellular automata, as cryptographically secure pseudorandom bit generators. The hybrid cellular automata considered have been passed the statistical tests defined in the cryptographic literature to study the security of the sequences generated for cryptographic purposes: frequency test, serial test, poker test, run test and autocorrelation test. Moreover, a study of their dynamical behaviour have been done.Peer reviewe

Graphic cryptography with pseudorandom bit generators and cellular automata

In this paper we propose a new graphic symmetrical cryptosystem in order to encrypt a colored image defined by pixels and by any number of colors. This cryptosystem is based on a reversible bidimensional cellular automaton and uses a pseudorandom bit generator. As the key of the cryptosystem is the seed of the pseudorandom bit generator, the latter has to be cryptographically secure. Moreover, the recovered image from the ciphered image has not loss of resolution and the ratio between the ciphered image and the original one, i.e., the factor expansion of the cryptosystem, is $1$.Peer reviewe

Graphic cryptosystem using memory cellular automata

In this paper, a new graphic cryptosystem based on reversible memory cellular automata is introduced. Its main feature is that the original image and the cipher image are defined by the same palette of colors and that the recovered image is equal to the original one, that is, there is not loss of resolution. Moreover, it is proved that the proposed cryptosystem is secure against brute-force attacks, statistical attacks and chosen plaintext attacksPeer reviewe

Flexibility and Bed Margins of the Community of Madrid’s Hospitals during the First Wave of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had global effects; cases have been counted in the tens of millions, and there have been over two million deaths throughout the world. Health systems have been stressed in trying to provide a response to the increasing demand for hospital beds during the different waves. This paper analyzes the dynamic response of the hospitals of the Community of Madrid (CoM) during the first wave of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic in the period between 18 March and 31 May 2020. The aim was to model the response of the CoM’s health system in terms of the number of available beds. Methods: A research design based on a case study of the CoM was developed. To model this response, we use two concepts: “bed margin” (available beds minus occupied beds, expressed as a percentage) and “flexibility” (which describes the ability to adapt to the growing demand for beds). The Linear Hinges Model allowed a robust estimation of the key performance indicators for capturing the flexibility of the available beds in hospitals. Three new flexibility indicators were defined: the Average Ramp Rate Until the Peak (ARRUP), the Ramp Duration Until the Peak (RDUP), and the Ramp Growth Until the Peak (RGUP). Results: The public and private hospitals of the CoM were able to increase the number of available beds from 18,692 on 18 March 2020 to 23,623 on 2 April 2020. At the peak of the wave, the number of available beds increased by 160 in 48 h, with an occupancy of 90.3%. Within that fifteen-day period, the number of COVID-19 inpatients increased by 200% in non-intensive care unit (non-ICU) wards and by 155% in intensive care unit (ICU) wards. The estimated ARRUP for non-ICU beds in the CoM hospital network during the first pandemic wave was 305.56 beds/day, the RDUP was 15 days, and the RGUP was 4598 beds. For the ICU beds, the ARRUP was 36.73 beds/day, the RDUP was 20 days, and the RGUP was 735 beds. This paper includes a further analysis of the response estimated for each hospital. Conclusions: This research provides insights not only for academia, but also for hospital management and practitioners. The results show that not all of the hospitals dealt with the sudden increase in bed demand in the same way, nor did they provide the same flexibility in order to increase their bed capabilities. The bed margin and the proposed indicators of flexibility summarize the dynamic response and can be included as part of a hospital’s management dashboard for monitoring its behavior during pandemic waves or other health crises as a complement to other, more steady-state indicators

Switching Roles: Beneficial Effects of Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Microglia and Their Implication in Neurodegenerative Diseases

This research was funded by the Andalusian Government, Spain (grant no. P20-01255 to M.D. and FEDER program grant no. A1-CTS-324-UGR18 to M.R.S.) and by the Spanish Ministry for Economy and Competition, Spain (grant no. SAF2017-85602-R and PID2020-119638RB-I00, both to E.G.-R.). A.I.S.-C. was the awardee of a Research Starting Fellowship for master´s students at the University of Granada, Spain. The APC was funded by MDPI.Neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases, are often characterized by neuroinflammation, which is largely driven by microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS). Under these conditions, microglia are able to secrete neurotoxic substances, provoking neuronal cell death. However, microglia in the healthy brain carry out CNS-supporting functions. This is due to the ability of microglia to acquire different phenotypes that can play a neuroprotective role under physiological conditions or a pro-inflammatory, damaging one during disease. Therefore, therapeutic strategies focus on the downregulation of these neuroinflammatory processes and try to re-activate the neuroprotective features of microglia. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) of different origins have been shown to exert such effects, due to their immunomodulatory properties. In recent years, MSC derived from adipose tissue have been made the center of attention because of their easy availability and extraction methods. These cells induce a neuroprotective phenotype in microglia and downregulate neuroinflammation, resulting in an improvement of clinical symptoms in a variety of animal models for neurological pathologies, e.g., Alzheimer’s disease, traumatic brain injury and ischemic stroke. In this review, we will discuss the application of adipose tissue-derived MSC and their conditioned medium, including extracellular vesicles, in neurological disorders, their beneficial effect on microglia and the signaling pathways involved.Andalusian Government, Spain P20-01255FEDER program grant no. A1-CTS-324-UGR18Spanish Ministry for Economy and Competition, Spain (grant no. SAF2017-85602-R and PID2020-119638RB-I00)Research Starting Fellowship for master´s students at the University of Granada, SpainMDP

Aplicación de la microscopía óptica de fluorescencia al estudio textural del clínker de cemento portland

The application of fluorescence light microscopy in the textural study of Portland cement clinker, specially its porosity, is presented. Principles and types of the technique are commented and the suggested sample preparation method is described. The use of fluorescence microscopy allows an easier study of the clinker porosity, and very proper images for automated quantification can be obtained. Besides, the samples can also be observed by reflected-light polarizing microscopy.Se presenta la utilidad de la microscopía óptica de fluorescencia para el estudio textural del clínker de cemento Portland, especialmente su porosidad. Se comentan los fundamentos y modalidades de la técnica, y se describe el método recomendado de preparación de muestras. La utilización de la microscopía de fluorescencia permite un estudio más fácil de la porosidad, obteniéndose imágenes muy apropiadas para su cuantificación mediante técnicas automatizadas. Además, las muestras para fluorescencia pueden ser estudiadas complementariamente por microscopía óptica de polarización por luz reflejada

Virtualización del Máster Universitario en Geotecnologías Cartográficas en Ingeniería y Arquitectura

Memoria ID-0164. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2016-2017

Características tecnológicas de las rocas ornamentales de Asturias

Las ocho explotaciones de rocas omamentales existentes en Asturias a comienzos de 2000 aprovechaban dos formaciones geológicas paleozoicas (Amao y Alba) y una mesozoica (Lastres). En las dos primeras se extraian calizas, mientras que en la tercera se explotaban areniscas.Aqui se presentan las caracteristicas petrograficas (textura, mineralogia, etc.) y fisico-mecánicas (densidad, porosidad, absorción de agua, heladicidad, resistencias a la cnstalizaci6n de sales,al choque, al desgaste, a la compresion uniaxial y a la flexión) de dichos niateriales, con el fin de darlas a conocer en el sector de la Piedra Natural (no aparecen en los catálogos de rocas ornamentales españolas) y facilitar información respecto a su utilización más idónea. En base a los resultados obtenidos, las calizas, como roca ornamental, podrian ser utilizadas para cualquier fin, mientras que las areniscas podrian presentar, a largo plazo, algunas limitaciones en ambientes marinos y/o contaminados.At the beginning of 2000, eight ornamental stone quarries in Asturias extracted rocks from two paleozoic formations (Amao and Alba) and a mesozoic one (Lastres). Limestones were exploited iii ihe two tirst formations, whereiis sdndstoties wem extracted from the third one. The petrographical (texrure, mineralogy, etc.) and physico-mechanical characteristics (volumetric weight, porosity, water absorptioii, frcczing and sal1 crystallization resisrance, elastic modulus, friction wear resistance, and impact, uniaxial compression and flexure strengths) of these materials are hcre presentcd, to introduce thcm to the Natural Stone sector (these rocks do not appear in the spanish ornamental stone catalogues) and to give infomation about their more suitable uses. Accvrding to the obtained results, limestones, as ornamental stone, could be used for any purpose, while sandstones could have, after long time, some probleins in marine andior contaminated environments