Reabilitação da área urbana de influência direta do Rio Negro nos municípios de Rio Negro (PR) e Mafra (SC)

Orientador: Madianita Nunes da SilvaMonografia (graduação) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Tecnologia, Curso de Graduação em Arquitetura e UrbanismoInclui referênciasResumo : Esse trabalho consiste na fundamentação teórica que subsidiará a elaboração de um projeto de Reabilitação das Áreas Urbanas de Influência Direta do Rio Negro, em Rio Negro e Mafra. A pesquisa apresenta uma reflexão sobre o desenvolvimento de cidades localizadas próximas de rios, as conseqüências da existência desse elemento na forma urbana, e as possibilidades de intervenção utilizadas na contemporaneidade. A partir desse estudo, será analisado o caso das cidades de Rio Negro, no Estado do Paraná, e Mafra, Santa Catarina, que apesar da fronteira política conformam um único aglomerado urbano. O presente trabalho foi estruturado em quatro cinco partes: (i) Referências Teóricas; (ii) Paradigmas Norteadores dos Planos e Projetos de Intervenção Urbana na Contemporaneidade; (iii) Análise de Casos Correlatos; (iv) Análise da Realidade; e (v) Diretrizes Projetuais: Projeto de Reabilitação das Áreas Urbanas de Influência Direta do rio Negro nos municípios de Rio Negro e Mafr

Analysis of negative attitudes towards sexuality in old age

RESUMEN: Objetivo: La sexualidad es un componente básico de la vida del ser humano que acompaña desde su nacimiento hasta su muerte. Sin embargo, hay una gran tendencia a pensar que la sexualidad se desvanece con el paso de los años, considerando al adulto mayor como asexuado. Una gran cantidad de estudios muestra la existencia de estereotipos negativos en torno a la vejez y la sexualidad en la vejez. Este estudio pretende analizar el grado de actitudes negativas que los participantes de una muestra de la población española tienen con respecto a la sexualidad en la vejez. Metodología: La muestra estuvo formada por 224 participantes, hombres y mujeres de entre 18 y 73 años de edad. Los participaron contestaron a un cuestionario autoadministrado de forma online, compuesto por una seria de variables socio-demográficas de interés para el estudio, el Cuestionario de Evaluación de Estereotipos Negativos en la Vejez (CENVE), el Cuestionario de Actitudes hacia la Sexualidad en la Vejez (CASV) y la Escala de Conciencia Corporal (SBC en inglés) dividida en dos subescalas: Conciencia Corporal y Disociación Corporal. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que varias de las variables socio-demográficas (Edad, Sexo, Religión, Practica Religión, Vivir con persona mayor) explican las puntuaciones de los diferentes cuestionarios y subescalas. El análisis de correlación indicó una correlación estadísticamente significativa negativa entre la variable edad y los cuestionarios CENVE y CASV, y una correlación estadísticamente significativa negativa entre la subescala DC y los cuestionarios CENVE y CASV, así como una correlación estadísticamente significativa positiva entre la CC y la frecuencia de la meditación. La prueba H de Kruskal-Wallis mostró una diferencia estadísticamente significativa para la Edad agrupada en los diferentes cuestionarios: Mitos de CASV (9.126, p=0.010); Salud de CENVE (6.779, p=0.034) y Sumatoria de CENVE (6.439, p=0.040). La prueba U de Mann-Whitney para la Religión, indicó diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre la religión Cristiana y la Atea (817.5, p=0.008) en la DC. Conclusiones: Se concluye que la población joven tiene tendencia a mostrar actitudes más negativas y estereotipadas en torno a la etapa de la vejez y, en especial, en torno a la sexualidad en esta etapa de la vida. Básicamente, se observa una actitud negativa general, que dificulta o influye en la manera de disfrutar libremente del derecho a la sexualidad. ABSTRACT: Objective: Sexuality is a basic component of human life that accompanies from birth to death. However, there is a great tendency to think that sexuality fades over the years, considering the older adult as asexual. A large number of studies show the existence of negative stereotypes toward old age and sexuality in old age. This study aims to analyze the degree of negative attitudes that the participants of a sample of the Spanish population have regarding sexuality in old age. Methodology: The sample consisted of 224 participants, men and women between 18 and 73 years of age. Participants answered an online self-administered questionnaire, made up of a series of socio-demographic variables of interest to the study, the Negative Stereotypes towards Ageing Questionnaire (CENVE in Spanish), the Questionnaire on Attitudes towards Sexuality in Old Age (CASV in Spanish) and the Scale of Body Connection (SBC) divided into two subscales: Body Awareness and Body Dissociation. Results: The results showed that several of the socio-demographic variables (Age, Sex, Religion, Practice of Religion, Living with the elderly) explain the scores of the different questionnaires and subscales. The correlational analysis indicates a statistically significant negative correlation between the variable Age and the CENVE and CASV questionnaires, and a statistically significant negative correlation between the DC subscale and the CENVE and CASV questionnaires, as well as a statistically significant positive correlation between the CC and the frequency of meditation. The Kruskal-Wallis H test showed a statistically significant difference for Age grouped in the different questionnaires: CASV Myths (9,126, p = 0.010); CENVE Health (6,779, p = 0.034) and CENVE Summation (6,439, p = 0.040). The Mann-Whitney U test for Religion indicated a statistically significant difference between the Christian religion and the Atheist (817.5, p = 0.008) in the DC. Conclusions: This study concludes that the young population has a tendency to show more negative and stereotypical attitudes toward people on the old age stage and especially about sexuality at this stage of life. Basically, a general negative attitude is observed, which hinders or influences to freely enjoy the right to sexuality

Convivencia escolar en la transici?n de primaria a secundaria en estudiantes de la Instituci?n Educativa Dindalito Centro El Espinal

130 p. Recurso Electr?nicoLa presente investigaci?n se realiz? con la intenci?n de conocer las conductas que afectan la convivencia escolar de los estudiantes que hacen su paso del grado quinto al grado sexto de la INSTITUCI?N EDUCATIVA ?DINDALITO CENTRO? del EspinalTolima. El objetivo fue caracterizar, interpretar y comparar las conductas, a partir de la percepci?n de los estudiantes a cerca de la pr?ctica docente y de su propio comportamiento. Adem?s de una mirada de los docentes sobre lo que observan en la realidad en cuanto al estilo de convivencia que se da dentro del aula de clase. El marco te?rico fue construido con base a la problem?tica, mencionada correspondiendo a conceptualizar varios t?rminos desde una perspectiva de la b?sica primaria y todos los cambios f?sicos, sociales, familiares, personales y culturales de la adolescencia que trae la transici?n hacia la secundaria. La investigaci?n se realiza desde una metodolog?a mixta (cualitativa-cuantitativa), presentando en la fase cuantitativa un subtipo descriptivo, mientras que, en la fase cualitativa, un subtipo de teor?a fundamentada. Para esto las t?cnicas empleadas son: la observaci?n, la entrevista y la encuesta. Resulta interesante la informaci?n obtenida en la investigaci?n, porque reflej? que la falta de atenci?n de estas conductas problemas en el aula de clase afectan el ?xito en el proceso de transici?n de los estudiantes de primaria a secundaria, porque arrojo que el temor a la violencia ?bullying?, al consumo de drogas, a bajar el rendimiento acad?mico y a los cambios propios de la adolescencia que surgen con el tiempo generando mayor dificultad de adaptaci?n , evidenciando tambi?n que la convivencia no solo es compromiso de los estudiantes si no de la mejora de las practicas del docente en el aula y de sus familias en el hogar. Palabras Claves: Convivencia escolar, transici?n de primaria a secundaria, violencia escolar, clima de aula.The current investigation was carried out with the intention of knowing the behaviors that affect the school coexistence of the students who make their passage from the fifth grade to the sixth grade of the "DINDALITO CENTRO" a public school located on EspinalTolima. The main objective was to characterize, interpret and compare behaviors, based on the students' perception of the teaching practice and their own behavior. In addition to a view of teachers about what they observe in reality in terms of the style of coexistence that occurs within the classroom. The theoretical framework was constructed based on the problem, mentioned corresponding to conceptualize several terms from a primary basic perspective and all the physical, social, family, personal and cultural changes of adolescence that the transition to secondary school brings. The research is carried out following a mixed methodology (qualitative-quantitative), presenting in the quantitative phase a descriptive subtype, while, in the qualitative phase, a subtype of grounded theory. The techniques used are: observation, interview and survey. It is Interestingly that the information obtained in the research reflected the lack of attention to these behaviors problems in the classroom affect success in the process of transition of students from primary to secondary, because it showed that the fear of violence " bullying ", to drug use, to lowering academic performance and the changes of adolescence that arise over time, generating greater difficulty of adaptation, also demonstrating that coexistence is not only student commitment but also the improvement of teacher practices in the classroom and their families at home. Keywords: School life, transition from primary to secondary, school violence, classroom climate

Hacia una comprensi?n de las pr?cticas de autoevaluaci?n desarrolladas por los docentes de grado 10 de la Instituci?n Educativa Luis Carlos Gal?n Sarmiento De Honda-Tolima

86 p. Recurso Electr?nicoEsta investigaci?n tuvo como objetivo comprender las pr?cticas de autoevaluaci?n desarrolladas en la instituci?n educativa Luis Carlos Gal?n Sarmiento del municipio de Honda-Tolima, con el fin de proponer acciones que fortalezcan el inter?s y la reflexi?n para trasformar la evaluaci?n de tipo cuantitativa por una formativa, que propenda por la mejora del proceso de ense?anza-aprendizaje. La investigaci?n fue de tipo cualitativa bajo el m?todo etnogr?fico, el cual permiti? explorar los acontecimientos cotidianos en las pr?cticas de autoevaluaci?n de 7 docentes y 35 estudiantes de grado decimo. Se encontr? que la autoevaluaci?n permite el desarrollo de h?bitos de autorregulaci?n, autonom?a y motivaci?n hacia el aprendizaje; sin embargo, se evidenciaron contradicciones entre posicionamientos y vac?os de su aplicaci?n en el aula. Se concluye, la necesidad de unificar criterios que permitan la reconstrucci?n de par?metros orientadores para el accionar del evaluador en clase.This research had as objective the understanding self-evaluation practices developed in the Luis Carlos Galan Sarmiento School in the municipality of Honda-Tolima, in order to propose actions to strengthen the interest and the reflection to transform the evaluation of quantitative type by a formative that it tends to improve the teaching-learning process. The research was qualitative type under the ethnographic method which allowed to explore daily events on self-assessment practices of 7 teachers and 35 students from 10th grade. It was found that the self-assessment enables the development of habits of self-regulation, autonomy and motivation towards learning; however, were apparent contradictions between positioning and gaps their application in the classroom. It is concluded, the need to unify criteria that enable the construction of guiding parameters for the actions of the evaluator in class. Keywords: educational assessment, formative assessment, self-assessment

Genome Biology / Genome and transcriptome analysis of the Mesoamerican common bean and the role of gene duplications in establishing tissue and temporal specialization of genes

Background: Legumes are the third largest family of angiosperms and the second most important crop class. Legume genomes have been shaped by extensive large-scale gene duplications, including an approximately 58 million year old whole genome duplication shared by most crop legumes. Results: We report the genome and the transcription atlas of coding and non-coding genes of a Mesoamerican genotype of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L., BAT93). Using a comprehensive phylogenomics analysis, we assessed the past and recent evolution of common bean, and traced the diversification of patterns of gene expression following duplication. We find that successive rounds of gene duplications in legumes have shaped tissue and developmental expression, leading to increased levels of specialization in larger gene families. We also find that many long non-coding RNAs are preferentially expressed in germ-line-related tissues (pods and seeds), suggesting that they play a significant role in fruit development. Our results also suggest that most bean-specific gene family expansions, including resistance gene clusters, predate the split of the Mesoamerican and Andean gene pools. Conclusions: The genome and transcriptome data herein generated for a Mesoamerican genotype represent a counterpart to the genomic resources already available for the Andean gene pool. Altogether, this information will allow the genetic dissection of the characters involved in the domestication and adaptation of the crop, and their further implementation in breeding strategies for this important crop

Select the Best Cyclic Prefix for Various Effective Area in an O-OFDM System

In the past few years, the Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (O-OFDM) has been deliberated as a promising future in high data transmission technology. OFDM is a special case of FDM technology, which is a multi-carrier-modulation (MCM). OFDM has been developed in the wireless as well as wireline systems, for that reason it is popularly used in optical transmission systems. O-OFDM system is simulated with Optisystem V14.0 program from @Optiwave company. This paper provides an examination of O-OFDM system using different cyclic prefix length to eliminate the effect of ICI and ISI, on the other hand using different values of effective area of the optical fiber and observe its effect on the bit error rate of the system. The best transmission performance (best BER) at a length of 1000Km of optical fiber of the system is at a cyclic prefix of 1/16 (6.25%) at the effective area of 150 μm2