Pan-Arctic Analysis of Cultural Ecosystem Services Using Social Media and Automated Content Analysis

In the Arctic, as in many parts of the world, interactions with the natural world are an important part of people\u27s experience and are often recorded in photographs. Emerging methods for automated content analysis of social media data offers opportunities to discover information on cultural ecosystem services from photographs across large samples of people and countries. We analysed over 800,000 Flickr photographs using Google\u27s Cloud Vision algorithm to identify the components of the natural environment most photographed and to map how and where different people interact with nature across eight Arctic countries. Almost all (91.1%) of users took one or more photographs of biotic nature, and such photos account for over half (53.2%) of Arctic photos on Flickr. We find that although the vast majority of Arctic human-nature interactions occur outside protected areas, people are slightly more likely to photograph nature inside protected areas after accounting for the low accessibility of Arctic protected areas. Wildlife photographers travel further from roads than people who take fewer photographs of wildlife, and people venture much further from roads inside protected areas. A large diversity of nature was reflected in the photographs, from mammals, birds, fish, fungi, plants and invertebrates, signalling an untapped potential to connect and engage people in the appreciation and conservation of the natural world. Our findings suggest that, despite limitations, automated content analysis can be a rapid and readily accessed source of data on how and where people interact with nature, and a large-scale method for assessing cultural ecosystem services across countries and cultures

too many files, delete me

<p>Model data from the case study on MPA design for Atlantic Cod generated by:</p> <p>http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1556143</p> <p>Please unzip shapefiles folder before trying to reproduce analysis</p

Cuke Particle Positions - 1998-2007 - Genetic sites

<p>LTRANS V2 raw output: Longitude, Latitude, depth, boundary status, and release site. Directories are structured as G1998\152\1\ meaning treatmentyear\releaseday\bin\. Files are named para 1002.csv which contains all the positions (of that treatment, year, site, and release day) at the end of the first day. </p

Cuke Particle Positions - 1998-2007 - Grid sites (seasonal supplement)

<p>LTRANS V2 raw output: Longitude, Latitude, depth, boundary status, and release site. Directories are structured as G1998\152\1\ meaning treatmentyear\releaseday\bin\. Files are named para 1002.csv which contains all the positions (of that treatment, year, site, and release day) at the end of the first day. Text files labeled as rl_01.txt are the release locations. The grid shapefile is represents the cucumber habitat from which larvae were released. These are a supplement to the main grid data set (<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1405701">http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1405701</a>) with bi-weekly releases from Jan 1 to Aug 27.</p> <p></p

Cuke Particle Positions - 2068-2077 - Grid sites

<p>LTRANS V2 raw output: Longitude, Latitude, depth, boundary status, and release site. Directories are structured as G1998\152\1\ meaning treatmentyear\releaseday\bin\. Directories labelled with the year 2098-2107 actually correspond to the years 2068-2077. Files are named para 1002.csv which contains all the positions (of that treatment, year, site, and release day) at the end of the first day. Text files labeled as rl_01.txt are the release locations. The grid shapefile is represents the cucumber habitat from which larvae were released</p

Cuke Particle Positions - 1998-2007 - Grid sites

<p>LTRANS V2 raw output: Longitude, Latitude, depth, boundary status, and release site. Directories are structured as G1998\152\1\ meaning treatmentyear\releaseday\bin\. Files are named para 1002.csv which contains all the positions (of that treatment, year, site, and release day) at the end of the first day. Text files labeled as rl_01.txt are the release locations. The grid shapefile is represents the cucumber habitat from which larvae were released</p

R_tutorial_ocean

<p>A easy R tutorial for ocean science.</p

Dal-Intertidal-2014

<p>A repository for all field data and R code for the scientific paper and consultant report</p

Parenting styles and emotional dependence in high school students of an educational institution in Villa El Salvador

Se estudió la relación entre los estilos de crianza y la dependencia emocional en estudiantes de secundaria de una institución educativa de Villa El Salvador. El tipo de investigación fue cuantitativo, de diseño no experimental, transversal y correlacional. La muestra estuvo conformada por 320 estudiantes de 3ro a 5to de secundaria de ambos géneros, entre los 14 y 18 años de edad. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron La Escala de Estilos de Crianza de Steinberg y la Escala de Dependencia Emocional (ACCA). Se halló que el estilo de crianza más prevalente, fue el autoritario y el negligente; mientras que el nivel de dependientes emocionales fue de 14.1%; así mismo, se halló diferencias significativas (p<0.05) según género y edad en el control conductual y según edad en el compromiso; para la dependencia emocional se halló diferencias significativas (p<0.05) según género en las expresiones límites, ansiedad por la separación, idealización de la pareja y abandono de planes propios. Se halló relación significativa (p<0.05) inversa entre el factor compromiso, el apego a la seguridad y la percepción de su autoeficacia, y relación significativa positiva (p<0.05) entre el factor autonomía psicológica y el miedo a la soledad, las expresiones límites, la búsqueda de aceptación y compromiso; finalmente, en el factor control conductual se halló relación significativa inversa (p<0.05) con el apego a la seguridad y la idealización de la pareja. El estudio identificó una relación significativa inversa (p<0.05) entre los factores del estilo de crianza: compromiso y control conductual con el nivel de dependencia emocional

Quantifying tourism booms and the increasing footprint in the Arctic with social media data

Arctic tourism has rapidly increased in the past two decades. We used social media data to examine localized tourism booms and quantify the spatial expansion of the Arctic tourism footprint. We extracted geotagged locations from over 800,000 photos on Flickr and mapped these across space and time. We critically examine the use of social media as a data source in data-poor regions, and find that while social media data is not suitable as an early warning system of tourism growth in less visited parts of the world, it can be used to map changes at large spatial scales. Our results show that the footprint of summer tourism quadrupled and winter tourism increased by over 600% between 2006 and 2016, although large areas of the Arctic remain untouched by tourism. This rapid increase in the tourism footprint raises concerns about the impacts and sustainability of tourism on Arctic ecosystems and communities. This boom is set to continue, as new parts of the Arctic are being opened to tourism by melting sea ice, new airports and continued promotion of the Arctic as a ‘last chance to see’ destination. Arctic societies face complex decisions about whether this ongoing growth is socially and environmentally sustainable