Growth promotion of crop plants by Methylobacterium organophilum: Efficient bio-inoculant and bio-fertilizer isolated from mud

Nitrogen fixing bacterium was isolated from mud near hot springs located at Unkeshwar in Nanded district, Maharashtra, India. Gram negative, oval rod, motile bacterium using nutrient broth medium from mud samples. Isolate bacterium showed luxuriant growth at 45oC temperature and pH 8. Isolate also showed growth on Azatobacter-Mannitol agar. The isolated species identified as Methylobacterium organophilum using morphological and biochemical tests. Isolate capable of growth at 5% salt concentration and alkaline pH. Isolate was used as growth promoting agent. Effect of isolate on germination of seeds; their ability of plant growth promotion was also studied. Remarkable growth of Vigna radiate was observed in the presence of isolated thermophilic Methylobacterium sp

Usage Of Gelatin-Virus Balls And Liquid Virus Filled Gelatin Capsules To Control Coral Reef Diseases: Model For Phage Therapy

Coral reefs are very sensitive to environmental pollution. Coral reefs frequently get infected by various bacteria, fungi, marine algae and protozoa. The diseases include Bacterial Infections (BI), Fungal Infections (FI), Black Band Disease (BBD), Black Overgrowing Cyanophyta (BOC), Black Aggressive Band (BAB), Lethal Orange Disease (LOD), Skeleton Eroding Band (SED), PEYssonnelia (PEY), PNEophyllum (PNE) and White Syndromes (WS). Here in we have proposed a proposed model in which cold water soluble gelatin will be used to prepare Gelatin virus balls (GVB) and Liquid virus filled and sealed gelatin capsules (LVFSGC). GVB and LVFSGC will be prepared as per standard protocol in the form of paintballs and capsules. Above mentioned infecting agents of Coral reefs will be used as inoculum for production their production on the pilot scale. These produced infecting agents will be added with specific viruses of infecting agent (host-specific viruses). After the lysis of cell (naturally/artificially), lysate containg host-specific viruses will be used as infecting viruses to the Coral reef infecting agents. This lysate will be used for preparation of GVB and LVFSGC. These paintballs and capsules contain host-specific viruses can be made to release on a surface of sea water and dispersed on affected coral reefs zone naturally by Sea water current/waves. The dispersed viruses from GVB and LVFSGC will attach to their host. Ultimately, the diseasecausing agent may be killed and the coral reef infection will be removed from sea water without any harm to the environment. GVB and LVFSGC will be used for the release of viruses against disease-causing agents. The GVB and LVFSGC will systematically kill and save the coral reefs

On a Non-Discrete Concept of Prokaryotic Species

The taxonomic concept of species has received continuous attention. A microbial species as a discrete box contains a limited number of highly similar microorganisms assigned to that taxon, following a polyphasic approach. In the 21st Century, with the advancements of sequencing technologies and genomics, the existence of a huge prokaryotic diversity has become well known. At present, the prokaryotic species might no longer have to be understood as discrete values (such as 1 or 2, by homology to Natural numbers); rather, it is expected that some microorganisms could be potentially distributed (according to their genome features and phenotypes) in between others (such as decimal numbers between 1 and 2; real numbers). We propose a continuous species concept for microorganisms, which adapts to the current knowledge on the huge diversity, variability and heterogeneity existing among bacteria and archaea. Likely, this concept could be extended to eukaryotic microorganisms. The continuous species concept considers a species to be delimited by the distance between a range of variable features following a Gaussian-type distribution around a reference organism (i.e., its type strain). Some potential pros and cons of a continuous concept are commented on, offering novel perspectives on our understanding of the highly diversified prokaryotic world, thus promoting discussion and further investigation in the field.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Carbon Nanotubes Integrated Hydroxyapatite Nano-Composite for Orthopaedic and Tissue Engineering Applications

The reassessment of the literature stipulates that an increasing amount of research in exploring the Hydroxyapatite Carbon Nanotubes (HA-CNT) system for orthopedic application. Chemical precipitation, CNT functionalization, and spray drying are the routinely used methods for CNT dispersal in HA matrix for the application such as bone tissue engineering, nanostructured scaffolds, dental regeneration, myocardial regeneration, and skin regeneration. Although mechanical strength and biocompatibility is a substantial concern for the fabrication of structures. Developing composite and bioceramic scaffolding with different natural and synthetic biomaterials are the futuristic approach in the biomedical engineering field. The problems such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and mechanical resistance can be solved by combining natural, and artificial biomaterials. The natural biomaterials, such as collagen, cellulose, chitosan, have a close resemblance to the natural extracellular matrix (ECM). These materials are biocompatible, biodegradable. The artificial biomaterials, such as Poly Vinyl Pyrrolidone (PVP), Poly Capro Lactone (PCL), Poly Ethylene Glycol (PEG), and Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) are also the material of choice for the fabrication of the composite materials. Additional effort is necessary to fabricate biocompatible composite scaffolding for tissue engineering. Moreover, vascularization, differentiation, cellular proliferation, and cells to scaffold interaction are the foremost challenges in the area of tissue engineering that remains to overcome

Data on 1, 4, 5, 6-Tetrahydro-2-methyl-4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid (THMP) analysis from Halomonas

<p>Unpublished data on <i>novel protein 1, 4, 5, 6-tetrahydro-2-methyl-4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid (THMP) from Halomonas species. </i></p&gt

Correcting names of bacteria deposited in National Microbial Repositories: an analysed sequence data necessary for taxonomic re-categorization of misclassified bacteria-ONE example, genus Lysinibacillus

18 páginas.-- 6 figuras.-- 7 tablas.-- 18 referencias.-- Transparency data associated with this article can be found in the online version at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2017.06.042.A report on 16S rRNA gene sequence re-analysis and digitalization is presented using Lysinibacillus species (one example) deposited in National Microbial Repositories in India. Lysinibacillus species 16S rRNA gene sequences were digitalized to provide quick response (QR) codes, Chaose Game Representation (CGR) and Frequency of Chaose Game Representation (FCGR). GC percentage, phylogenetic analysis, and principal component analysis (PCA) are tools used for the differentiation and reclassification of the strains under investigation. The seven reasons supporting the statements made by us as misclassified Lysinibacillus species deposited in National Microbial Depositories are given in this paper. Based on seven reasons, bacteria deposited in National Microbial Repositories such as Lysinibacillus and many other needs reanalyses for their exact identity. Leaves of identity with type strains of related species shows difference 2 to 8 % suggesting that reclassification is needed to correctly assign species names to the analyzed Lysinibacillus strains available in National Microbial Repositories.BNR is thankful to Dr. Juan M. Gonzalez (Senior Scientist, IRNAS-CSIC, Sevilla, Spain) for data analysis and writing this paper. University Grants Commission, New Delhi (India) is acknowledged for financial support in the form of postdoctoral fellowship to BNR vide letter no. PDFSS-2013-14-ST-MAH-4350.Peer reviewe

Genomics dataset of unidentified disclosed isolates

Analysis of DNA sequences is necessary for higher hierarchical classification of the organisms. It gives clues about the characteristics of organisms and their taxonomic position. This dataset is chosen to find complexities in the unidentified DNA in the disclosed patents. A total of 17 unidentified DNA sequences were thoroughly analyzed. The quick response codes were generated. AT/GC content of the DNA sequences analysis was carried out. The QR is helpful for quick identification of isolates. AT/GC content is helpful for studying their stability at different temperatures. Additionally, a dataset on cleavage code and enzyme code studied under the restriction digestion study, which helpful for performing studies using short DNA sequences was reported. The dataset disclosed here is the new revelatory data for exploration of unique DNA sequences for evaluation, identification, comparison and analysis. Keywords: BioLABs, Blunt ends, Genomics, NEB cutter, Restriction digestion, Short DNA sequences, Sticky end

First report on revelatory prokaryotic diversity of Unkeshwar hot spring (India) having biotechnological potential

195-200Morphologically distinct strains of thermophilic bacteria (17 in number) isolated at 70oC from a hot spring in Unkeshwar (19o 85’ N and 78o 25’ E), Nanded district, Maharashtra state, India. All isolates have been characterized and identified using phenotypic and genotypic characters. Facultative bacterial growth was observed within 12-16 h of incubation at 70°C. The bacterial strains could tolerate temperature between 45-90°C (optimum 45-65°C) and pH between 5-9 (optimum 7-8). Based on morphological characteristics, biochemical tests and 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses, isolates belonged to Firmicute, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. This is the first report of microbial diversity associated with Unkeshwar hot spring in Nanded based on wet laboratory results. Our results revealed the presence of different thermophilic and thermoduric industrially important bacteria in Unkeshwar hot spring.Some of these isolates showed resistance to antibiotics, such as, (Bacitracin, 10 units/disc; Ciprofloxacin HCl, 5 mcg/disc; Polymyxin B, 300 mcg/disc & Tetracycline, 30 mcg/disc). All reported isolates had produced products stable at high temperatures, such as, amylase, gelatinase, protease, urease, oxidase and antibiotics having various applications in starch, food, feed, pulp and paper, detergents, leather processing, healthcare-especially dental and skin, and pharmaceutical industries

Isolation of thermophilic <i>Bacillus </i>sp. strain EF_TYK1-5 and production of industrially important thermostable α-amylase using suspended solids for fermentation

685-689Bacillus sp. strain EF_TYK1-5 strain was isolated from hot water spring at Unkeshwar (19o 85’ N and 78o 25’ E), Nanded district, Maharashtra, India. The optimum activity of α-amylase extracted from the same was observed at 60 °C temperature. The enzyme showed maximum activity with Ca++ and Co++ at 60 °C temperature. The enzyme was stable in the pH range of 4.0-9.0 and 50-90 °C temperatures under SmF. The enzyme showed stability towards surfactant (SDS) at 5 mM concentrations. The thermostable enzyme isolated was compatible and works in the presence of detergents (Surf excelTM, ArielTM, TideTM, GhadiTM, WheelTM and NirmaTM at 1% concentration). Agricultural wastes as substrate such as rice hull, wheat bran, millet, soyabean husk, and tamarind seeds were studied for enzyme activation under suspension solid fermentation. Of these, rice hull was proved as the best substrate for a-amylase production (10 U/mg) by organism after 24 h incubation, 1,000 µm particle sizes, and 1% inoculum level (v/w), 55 °C temperatures. Optimum temperature and pH for enzyme production were 60 °C &nbsp;(85.56 U/mg), and 7.0 (46.71 U/mg) respectively. Additional carbon sources, 1% lactose (47.84 U/mg) enhanced α-amylase production. Among the various nitrogen sources tested, 1% beef extract (172.43 U/mg) was observed as the best nitrogen source for α-amylase production. The maximum α-amylase production was observed as 124 U/mg at 24 h, 1,000 m particle size, and 20% inoculum level (v/w), pH 7.0, 1% lactose, 1% beef extract, temperature 65 °C. The values of Km and Vmax were 1.3699 mg/mL and 0.000074 mmol respectively

Digital data of quality control strains under general deposit at Microbial Culture Collection (MCC), NCCS, Pune, India: A bioinformatics approach

A total of 13 short DNA sequences of quality control strains (MCC 2052, MCC 2077, MCC 2078, MCC 2080, MCC 2309, MCC 2322, MCC 2408, MCC 2409, MCC 2412, MCC 2413, MCC 2415, MCC 2483 and MCC 2515) were retrieved from NCBI BioSample database and generated quick response (QR) codes for sequences. 16S rRNA was used for creation of Chaose Game representation (CGR), Chaose Game Representation of Frequencies (FCGR) and measurement of GC percentage. Digital data in the form of QR codes, CGR, FCGR and GC plot would be useful for identification, visual comparison and evaluation of newly isolated strains with quality control strains. The digital data of QR codes, CGR, FCGR and GC content all the quality control strains are made available to users through this paper. This generated digital data helps to evaluate and compare newly isolated strains, less laborious and avoid misinterpretation of newly isolated species. Keywords: Chaose Game Representation, GC content, Microbial Culture Collection, QR codes, Standard type strain