223 research outputs found
Sistema de información biométrica en línea en Cámara de comercio de Bogotá
Beneficios y recomendaciones para el uso de la identificación biométrica en la Cámara de Comercio de Bogot
Effect of Low-Level Laser Therapy and Strength Training Protocol on Hand Grip by Dynamometry
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) – 660 nm and 904 nm - before grip strength protocol in healthy subjects.Methods: The study included 45 healthy volunteers with an average age of 22.7 (±1.4) years, subdivided into the following groups, control group: grip strength training associated with placebo LLLT; 660 nm group: LLLT (660 nm, 20 J/cm2, power of 30 mW, and beam area of 0.06 cm2, continuous, energy 1.2 J, and exposure time 40 seconds per point) before grip strength training and 904 nm group: LLLT (904 nm, 10 J/cm2, peak power of 70 W and 0.13 cm2 beam area, with pulsed beam 9.500 Hz and 30 seconds of exposure time per point and emitted energy 1.2 J) before grip strength training. The LLLT was timed to contact 10 points located in the region of the superficial and deep flexor muscles of the fingers, with a total energy of 12.0 J per session. For the strength training protocol, the volunteer exercised their fingers with the dominant hand on a small table, elbow flexed at 90°, forearm in neutral, using a light extension handle. The Oxford protocol was performed during four weeks. The grip strength was assessed using a dynamometer (Jamar™). The data were evaluated by the analysis of variance (ANOVA) statistical method.Results: In the comparison of intragroup evaluation, only the 904 nm group showed a difference compared to the baseline assessment after 4 weeks (P < 0.05), in the final intergroup evaluation, a difference was observed in the comparison between the control and 904 nm groups.Conclusion: In conclusion, LLLT (904 nm) applied before resistance training was effective in gaining grip strength when compared to LLLT (660 nm) and isolated strength training after 4 weeks
Grip and pinch strength in healthy children and adolescents
OBJETIVO: Determinar e comparar os valores das forças isométricas de preensão palmar e pinças em indivíduos sadios de 6 a 19 anos através da dinamometria, considerando as variáveis sexo, dominância e faixa etária. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 199 indivíduos utilizando os dinamômetro Jamar® para a mensuração da preensão palmar e Preston Pinch Gauge® para as pinças, realizando três mensurações consecutivas,, utilizando a média. A análise estatística foi realizada pela regressão linear com efeitos mistos. RESULTADOS: Os valores em kgf encontrados foram 24,51, 3,64, 5,37 e 6,78, respectivamente para preensão palmar, pinça polpa-a-polpa, trípode e lateral, independente das variáveis. Houve diferença significativa em todas as forças mensuradas analisando sexo e dominância independentemente, sendo a mão dominante e o sexo masculino os que obtiveram valores maiores. Entre as faixas etárias foi verificado que as forças variaram conforme a idade, com diferença significativa na maioria das comparações. CONCLUSÃO: Concluímos que a força de preensão palmar e das pinças apresentou diferença significativa no sexo, na dominância e na maioria dos subgrupos etários estudados, devendo ser considerados na dinamometria. Este estudo se mostrou relevante como referência de normalidade para avaliações das forças de preensão e pinças das mãos em crianças e jovens.OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine and compare the values of maximum isometric palmar grip and pinch forces in healthy children between 6 and 19 years old using dynamometry, considering gender, dominance and age. METHODS: 199 subjects were evaluated using Jamar® dynamometer to measure palmar grip strength and Preston Pinch Gauge® dynamometer to evaluate pulp to pulp, lateral and three points pinch strength in a standardization testing protocol. The mean of three consecutive grip tests was recorded. Linear regression with mixed effects was used to statistically analyze the differences between data. RESULTS: Mean values found for palmar grip, pulp to pulp, three points and lateral pinch were 24,51kgf, 3,64kgf, 5,37kgf and 6,78kgf, respectively, regardless of the variables. There was statistical difference in all measures by gender and dominance, and the dominant hand and the males had higher grip forces. It was verified that mean values varied with age, with significant difference in most of comparisons between the age groups. CONCLUSION: We concluded that pinch and palmar grip strength demonstrated significant differences in gender, dominance and in most of age subgroups studied, being important to consider them on dynamometry. This study was relevant as reference of normality of hand strength in children and adolescents
Low intensity laser (830 nm) functional to recover of the sciatic nerve in rats
OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito do laser de baixa intensidade na melhora funcional da marcha de ratos após esmagamento do nervo ciático. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados 18 ratos divididos alea-to-riamente em dois grupos: controle (sham) e irradiado com densidade de energia de 40J/cm², em 21 dias consecutivos, utilizando o laser 830nm (AsGaAl). Os animais foram submetidos ao esmagamento do nervo ciático direito com o dispositivo portátil de peso morto e avaliados pelo "Índice Funcional do Ciático" (IFC). As pegadas foram coletadas no pré-operatório, 7º, 14º e 21º dias pós-operatório. RESULTADOS: Os resultados do IFC foram significantes quando comparados os grupos no 7º e 14º dia pós-operatório (p<0,05). No 21º dia pós-operatório não houve diferença entre os grupos. Na avaliação intra-grupos houve diferença entre todas as semanas avaliadas (p<0,01). Os animais irradiados apresentaram melhora no padrão da marcha, demonstrada pelos valores do IFC nos períodos iniciais, mas ao final das 3 semanas, houve uma recuperação similar. CONCLUSÃO: A laserterapia de baixa intensidade mostrou ser eficaz no estímulo da aceleração da regeneração nervosa do ciático de ratos após esmagamento.OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of low-intensity laser on functional improvement of the walking of rats after sciatic nerve axonotmesis. METHODS: We used 18 rats divided randomly in two groups: control (Sham) and irradiated with an energy density of 40J/cm² for 21 consecutive days, using 830nm laser (AsGaAl). The animals were subjected to right sciatic nerve crushing by a portable device and assessed by the "Sciatic Functional Index" (SFI) at an acrylic platform through video recorded by a digital camera. The footprints were collected preoperatively, and on the 7th, 14th and 21st postoperative days. RESULTS: The results of the SFI were significant when comparing the groups on the 7th and 14th postoperative day (p<0.05). On the 21st postoperative day there was no difference between groups. There were intra-group differences detected in each evaluated week (p<0.01). The irradiated animals showed improvement in motion pattern, shown by the SFI values in the initial periods, but after 3 weeks, there was a similar recovery. CONCLUSION: The low-intensity laser has shown to be effective in accelerating regeneration of the sciatic nerve of rats after crushing.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP
Sistema sensório-motor articular: revisão da literatura
Tradicionalmente, a estabilidade articular é considerada como a perfeitacongruência entre ossos durante o movimento, sendo que muitas vezes os componentes atribuídos para esta estabilidade se resumem aos ligamentos e músculos envolvidos na articulação. Embora estas estruturas sejam os maiores estabilizadores de uma articulação, a integridade sensório-motora é primordial para uma estabilidade articular eficaz. Nos últimos anos, estudos têm demonstrado grande quantidade de proprioceptores nos componentes articulares, que fornecem informações aferentes periféricas e se relacionam com níveis do sistema nervoso central envolvidos no controle motor, para manter a estabilidade articular. O objetivo desta revisão, feita nas bases de dados Medline e Lilacs, foi identificar as estruturas e a fisiologia do sistema sensório-motor articular, bem como dos níveis de controle motor da propriocepção articular, e definir o papel do sistema sensóriomotor na estabilidade da articulação. Concluímos que, apesar do grande número de pesquisas, os caminhos exatos onde o sistema sensório-motor atua na estabilidade articular permanecem incertos. O acompanhamento fisioterapêutico é pouco relatado nas pesquisas, sem uma demonstração clara de sua contribuiçãopara a recuperação da capacidade proprioceptiva da articulação lesionada ou submetida à cirurgia.Joint stability is traditionally defined as the perfect congruence among bones during movement; the components of such stability are often limited to related ligaments and muscles. Although these structures are the greatest joint stabilizers, motor-sensory integrity is fundamental for an efficient joint stability. In the last few years, studies have shown many proprioceptors in joint components that supply afferent peripheral information and are connected to the central nervous system levels involved in motor control, so as to maintain joint stability. The present review – of book chapters and articles found in Medline and Lilacs databases – sought to identify structures and the physiology of the joint motor-sensory system, as well as the levels of joint proprioception motor control, so as to define the role of the motor-sensory system in joint stability. In spite of a large number of studies, it is still uncertain how andwhere the motor-sensory system exactly acts in joint stability. Physical therapy is scarcely reported by studies and there is not a clear demonstration of its contribution to joint proprioceptive capacity recovery when joint is injured or undergoes surgery
Fisioterapia na avaliação e prevenção de riscos ergonômicos em trabalhadores de um setor financeiro
Physical overload, common among workers, results in increased prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMD). In view of workers' health, and in order to reduce the rate of time off-work, assessment and prevention of these disorders should be emphasized. The purposes here were to analyse the ergonomics of a financial unit and its employee's postures during work, and to propose solutions that minimize ergonomic risks. The analysis was carried out by means of three observational techniques - RULA, rapid upper limb assessment, Couto's checklist, and ergonomic analysis with focus on the activity - and by applying the SF-36 questionnaire to employees. Results showed presence of moderate biomechanical factors and a risk to WRMD unlikely but possible; workplace conditions were found close to ideal. But a more detailed analysis showed working postures within the worst level, requiring immediate changes. At SF-36 scores were high, showing adequate quality of life. Thus, although work environment was found suitable, the misuse of equipment, poor distribution and incorrect way of performing tasks point to ergonomic hazards. In order to minimize risks, preventive measures were proposed, suggesting specific actions in areas that most contribute to ergonomic hazards.É freqüente a sobrecarga musculoesquelética em trabalhadores, resultando no aumento da prevalência de distúrbios osteomusculares relacionados ao trabalho (DORT). Visando a saúde do trabalhador, e para reduzir o índice de afastamento, deve-se enfatizar a prevenção desses distúrbios. Os objetivos deste estudo foram analisar a ergonomia de um setor financeiro e as posturas dos funcionários durante as tarefas e propor soluções para minimizar os riscos ergonômicos. A análise foi feita mediante três instrumentos de observação simples - avaliação rápida de membros superiores RULA (sigla em inglês de rapid upper limb assessment), checklist de Couto e análise ergonômica focada na atividade - e aplicação do questionário SF-36 aos funcionários. Verificou-se a presença de fator biomecânico de moderada importância, com risco de DORT improvável, porém possível; em outro instrumento, os resultados indicam que o ambiente de trabalho está próximo do ideal. Em análise mais detalhada, as posturas de trabalho foram classificadas como as piores possíveis, requerendo mudanças imediatas. No SF-36 os escores foram elevados, sugerindo qualidade de vida adequada. Assim, embora o ambiente de trabalho se apresente adequado, o uso incorreto dos equipamentos, a má distribuição e forma incorreta de realização das tarefas ocasiona riscos ergonômicos. Visando minimizar estes, são propostas estratégias de intervenção preventiva, sugerindo-se ações específicas nos domínios que apontaram maiores riscos ergonômicos
Functional, motor, and sensory assessment instruments upon nerve repair in adult hands: Systematic review of psychometric properties
© 2018 The Author(s). Background: Outcome after nerve repair of the hand needs standardized psychometrically robust measures. We aimed to systematically review the psychometric properties of available functional, motor, and sensory assessment instruments after nerve repair. Methods: This systematic review of health measurement instruments searched databases from 1966 to 2017. Pairs of raters conducted data extraction and quality assessment using a structured tool for clinical measurement studies. Kappa correlation was used to define the agreement prior to consensus for individual items, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess reliability between raters. A narrative synthesis described quality and content of the evidence. Results: Sixteen studies were included for final critical appraisal scores. Kappa ranged from 0.31 to 0.82 and ICC was 0.81. Motor domain had manual muscle testing with Kappa from 0.72 to 0.93 and a dynamometer ICC reliability between 0.92 and 0.98. Sensory domain had touch threshold Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments (SWM) as the most responsive measure while two-point discrimination (2PD) was the least responsive (effect size 1.2 and 0.1). A stereognosis test, Shape and Texture Identification (STI), had Kappa test-retest reliability of 0.79 and inter-rater reliability of 0.61, with excellent sensibility and specificity. Manual tactile test had moderate to mild correlation with 2PD and SWM. Function domain presented Rosén-Lundborg score with Spearman correlations of 0.83 for total score. Patient-reported outcomes measurements had ICC of 0.85 and internal consistency from 0.88 to 0.96 with Patient-Rated Wrist and Hand Evaluation with higher score for reliability and Spearman correlation between 0.38 and 0.89 for validity. Conclusions: Few studies included nerve repair in their sample for the psychometric analysis of outcome measures, so moderate evidence could be confirmed. Manual muscle test and Rotterdam Intrinsic Hand Myometer dynamometer had excellent reliability but insufficient data on validity or responsiveness. Touch threshold testing was more responsive than 2PD test. The locognosia test and STI had limited but positive supporting data related to validity. Rosén-Lundborg score had emerging evidence of reliability and validity as a comprehensive outcome following nerve repair. Few questionnaires were considered reliable and valid to assess cold intolerance. There is no patient-reported outcome measurement following nerve repair that provides comprehensive assessment of symptoms and function by patient perspective
AVALIAÇÃO DO EQUILÍBRIO POSTURAL E DOS FATORES AMBIENTAIS RELACIONADOS ÀS QUEDAS EM IDOSOS DE INSTITUIÇÕES DE LONGA PERMANÊNCIA
Resumo: O presente artigo busca caracterizar o perfil sócio-econômico de 21 idosos acima de 60 anos de duas instituições de longa permanência da cidade de Franca-SP, avaliar o equilíbrio postural através da escala de equilíbrio de Berg e detectar os possíveis fatores associados às quedas no ambiente físico das instituições. Os resultados apontaram para 61,9% de idosos do sexo feminino, com idades entre 60 e 85 anos ou mais, e maior percentual na faixa etária entre 60 e 70 anos, solteiros, escolaridade funda mental, tempo de instituição entre 10 e 26 anos, com doenças de base relacionadas aos sistemas cardiorrespiratório, músculo-esquelético, somato-sensório e tegumentar, que recebiam proventos da aposentadoria e destinavam cerca de 70% da renda para a instituição. As pontuações obtidas da aplicação da escala possibilitaram a identificação de que quanto mais a tarefa exigia do idoso, menor era a pontuação obtida pelo mesmo. Em três idosos, o número máximo de pontos atingidos predizia um equilíbrio debilitado, com 100% de risco de quedas. As duas instituições possuíam características físicas, ambientais e de pessoal similares e apresentavam alguns atores associados à possibilidade de quedas, como a inexistência de barras de apoio em sanitários e a presença de uma escada de livre acesso aos idosos, além de uma preocupação em relação ao uso adequado de roupas e sapatos pelos idosos. Embora o estudo tenha gerado resultados de caráter mais descritivo do que conclusivo, o con junto de dados possibilitou algumas reflexões acerca da situação dos idosos das instituições, direcionando para a impor tância de realização de pesquisas multidisciplinares que contribuam para um (re)pensar a situação de vida dos mesmos nas instituições de longa permanência. Palavras-chave: Idosos; Instituição de Longa Permanência; Postura; Equilíbrio musculoesquelético. Abstract: The purpose of this descriptive study was to characterize the socioeconomic profile of 21 elderly individuals aged over 60 years living in homes of the aged in the city of Franca, in the state of São Paulo, assess their postural balance through the Berg's Scale of Balance, and find the possible factors associated to falls at the institutions. The results presented that 61.9% of the elderly subjects were women, with ages from 60 to 85 years or more, with most in the age group between 60 and 70 years, single, with primary education level, living in the institution for a period of 10 to 26 years, with underlying diseases related to the cardiopulmonary, muscle-skeletal, somatosensorial and tegumentary systems, and who received retirement pension and spent about 70% of their income with the institution. The scores obtained on the scal allowed for identifying that the more the task demanded from the elderly, the lower the score they obtained. In three individuals, the highest score they achieved predicted impaired balance, with 100% of risk for falls. The institutions had similar physical, environmental, and personal characteristics and presented some factors associated to the possibility of falls, such as the lack of support grab bars in the bathrooms and stairs with easy access for the aged individuals, besides a concern about the using clothes and shoes appropriately. Although the study yielded more descriptive than conclusive results, the data allowed for reflecting on the situation of the elderly individuals from the studied institutions, showing there is a need for performing multidisciplinary research that contribute to (re)thinking about their situation at these homes. Keywords: Aged People; Home for the Aged; Posture; Musculoskeletal Equilibrium.
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