Mieloma Múltiplo (MM): estudo clínico e laboratorial em 31 casos.

Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Curso de Medicina, Florianópolis, 198

Considerações sobre a relativização da coisa julgada

A coisa julgada traz segurança e certeza, de forma a estabilizar as relações jurídicas e sociais. Mas, ainda assim, não se pode deixar de considerar que são proferidas decisões que afrontam os princípios consagrados na Carta da República e chegam a transgredir a realidade ditada pela natureza, as quais, pelas mais diversas razões, transitam em julgado. Tais sentenças não condizem com o Estado de Direito, que, cada vez mais, anseia por justiça. Por isso, deve-se buscar um equilíbrio entre a intangibilidade da coisa julgada e a possibilidade de revisão das decisões que são flagrantemente inconstitucionais.The object of judgement brings in assurance and certainty in order to establish the so-called legal and social relations.Yet, one must not ignore the decisions which subjugate the settled principles of the Constitution. Those decisions, which are still in judgement, infringe the reality in relation to its nature. Those judicial decisions are not according to the State of Law that seeks for justice. Taking the propositions above into consideration, one should look for a balance between the intangibility of the object of judgement and the possibility of reviewing the decisions which are obviously unconstitutional

Hepatitis C and hemodialysis: a review

Hepatitis C is a serious public health problem throughout the world; chronic renal patients are highly exposed to this infection. This could be due to a failure to identify carriers of this disease or because of a lack of truly effective biosafety measures implemented in the dialysis units. Molecular biology techniques have allowed for the understanding of this virus in detail, including its replication mechanisms. Epidemiological studies have been made throughout the world, with the goal of determining the dissemination dynamics of this agent, in addition to examining the predominance of the different genotypes, and the possible mutants that are involved. Many questions must still be answered concerning infection by Hepatitis C virus (HCV); this is especially important for immunosuppressed patients.Adolfo Lutz Institute Virology Service Laboratory of HepatitisIrmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São PauloFaculty of Medical Sciences Santa Casa de São Paulo Molecular Medicine LaboratoryFederal University of São Paulo Medical School Department of Infectious and Parasitic InfectionsUNIFESP, Medical School Department of Infectious and Parasitic InfectionsSciEL

Efeito da profilaxia profissional com jato de bicarbonato de sódio sobre a microbiota cariogênica

The effect of professional dental prophylaxis with sodium bicarbonate jet on salivary counting of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli in 32 children ranging from 7 to 10 years of age, has been assessed. Whole stimulated saliva was collected before the prophylaxis, immediately after it and 30 days later, and the number of CFU/ml in the saliva was detected through the Caritest system. A statistically significant immediate decrease on salivary levels of both microorganisms was observed, 50% for mutans streptococci and 27% for lactobacilli. For mutans streptococci this decrease continued through the 30 days period; the same did not occur with lactobacilli, that returned to their baseline values.Avaliou-se o efeito da profilaxia dentária profissional com o jato de bicarbonato de sódio na contagem salivar de estreptococos do grupo mutans e de lactobacilos em 32 crianças entre 7-10 anos. Coletou-se saliva total estimulada antes e 60 minutos após o procedimento, e decorridos 30 dias, sendo o número de UFC/mL saliva detectado através do sistema Caritest. Constatou-se uma redução imediata, estatisticamente significativa, nos níveis salivares de ambos os microrganismos, sendo de 50% para estreptococos do grupo mutans e de 27% para lactobacilos. Para os estreptococos do grupo mutans, esta redução persistiu pelo período de 30 dias, o mesmo não ocorrendo para os lactobacilos, que retornaram aos seus valores iniciais

Global Mechanisms for Achieving Gender Equality in the Careers of Law and the Judiciary: The State of São Paulo as A Case Study

The objective of this work is to analise the professional vertical mobility of women in the sectors of advocacy and the judiciary through a monographic method with a case study in Brazil, state of São Paulo, and research techniques based on bibliographic and documentary analysis and their relations with the achievement of SDG 5 - Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls - in particular, to ensure the full and effective participation of women and equal opportunities for leadership at all levels of decision-making in political life, economic and public, by way of proposing the construction of models and processes capable of overcoming gender inequalities in the legal professions in constituted groups. The professional mobility of women will be assessed based on the idea of material equality for the construction of models and processes capable of overcoming gender inequalities in the legal professions. Therefore, the need for equal representation, minimum of 50%, is assumed in commissions, councils and boards, events and courses at OABSP headquarters. And yet, the revision of criteria such as seniority to rise to second level judicial positions in the São Paulo judiciary. Keywords: ODS 5; Advocacy; Judiciary; Brazil; State of São Paulo. DOI: 10.7176/RHSS/11-12-02 Publication date:June 30th 202

Hepatitis B prevalence among men who have sex with men in Brazil

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a global public health problem and requires specific prevention actions, particularly focusing on the key populations, such as men who have sex with men (MSM). We aimed at assessing the prevalence of HBV infection, among MSM, in a multicity study in Brazil. In 2016, we conducted a survey using a respondent-driven sampling methodology in 12 Brazilian cities. Rapid tests (RT) were performed on 3178 samples from those MSM. Positive results were tested for HBV DNA and sequenced. If negative for HBV DNA, samples were tested for serological markers. The prevalence rate of HBV exposure and clearance was 10.1% (95% CI: 8.1–12.6), and 1.1% (95%; CI: 0.6–2.1) were confirmed to be HBsAg-positive. Of those samples tested for anti-HBs (n = 1033), only 74.4% presented a serological profile analogous to that elicited by hepatitis B vaccination. Among HBsAg-positive samples (n = 29), 72.4% were HBV DNA-positive, and from these, 18 were sequenced. HBV genotypes A, F, and G were found in 55.5%, 38.9%, and 5.6%, respectively. This study indicates high prevalence rates of MSM HBV exposure and a low positivity index for the serological marker of HBV vaccine immunity. These findings may contribute to the discussion of strategies to prevent hepatitis B and reinforce the importance of promoting HBV vaccination in this key population

A Assistência Institucional às Crianças Abandonadas no Brasil: do Singular ao Universal * The Institutional Care for Abandoned Children in Brazil: from the Singular to the Universal

Neste artigo faz-se uma reflexão histórica sobre as modalidades de assistência institucional às crianças abandonadas no Brasil e demonstrar como as práticas assistenciais fizeram repercutir sobre as crianças formas de violência agenciada pelas famílias, pela Igreja e pelo Estado. Inseridos nessa perspectiva propõe-se a análise do processo de uma criança abrigada em 2001, em Montes Claros, Minas Gerais

Low contamination of Campylobacter spp. on chicken carcasses in Minas Gerais state, Brazil: Molecular characterization and antimicrobial resistance

AbstractHere, we evaluated Campylobacter contamination on chicken carcasses and phenotypic and genotypic profiles of antimicrobial resistance of the isolated strains. A total of 95 of samples were collected from 19 slaughterhouses from Minas Gerais - Brazil, and analyzed by MPN-PCR method. Campylobacter was found in 16.8% of samples with microbial load ranging from 60 to 184 MPN/carcass. All isolates were resistant to at least 5 (31.2%) of the antimicrobials screened using the disk diffusion method. Thr-86-Ile gyrA mutation, blaOxA-61 and tet(O) genes were found in 95%, 100% and 40% resistant isolates to ciprofloxacin, ampicillin and tetracycline, respectively. Almost all isolates (90%) showed the three genes required to synthesize the CmeABC efflux system. The use of efflux pump inhibitor (PAβN) resulted in a significant reduction in the MICs of antimicrobials (2–128 fold), indicating the importance of efflux systems in conferring antimicrobial resistance. Campylobacter were detected at low concentrations in Brazilian chicken carcasses. However, high-levels of antimicrobial resistance were observed and associated with several mechanisms. This study provides a baseline survey on contamination of Campylobacter in Brazilian chicken carcasses and its antimicrobial resistance, giving support for actions directed at reducing this pathogen in the food chain

Acute effects of mechanical ventilation with hyperoxia on the morphometry of the rat diaphragm

BACKGROUND: Prolonged mechanical ventilatory support (MVS) combined with high oxygen concentrations has a negative impact on diaphragm function. However, the acute effects of MVS with hyperoxia have not been elucidated. Objective: To analyze the acute effects of mechanical ventilation with hyperoxia on the morphometry of the rat diaphragm. METHODS: An experimental, prospective study was conducted with Wistar rats (weight: 400±20 g), which were randomly allocated to two groups. The control group (n=4) was anesthetized, tracheostomized and kept spontaneously breathing room air for 90 minutes. The experimental group (n=5) was also anesthetized, curarized, tracheostomized and kept in controlled mechanical ventilation for the same amount of time. Both groups were submitted to median thoracotomy for sample collection of costal fibers from the diaphragm muscle, which were sectioned every 5 μm and stained with hematoxylin and eosin for the morphometric study. Independent Student's t tests were employed to investigate differences between groups, with a significance level of p<0.05. RESULTS: There were no signs of acute muscle lesions, however the blood capillaries became dilated in the experimental group. The mean morphometric data related to the maximum cross-sectional diameter of the diaphragm costal fibers were 61.78 ±17.79 µm and 70.75±9.93 µm (p=0.045) for the control and experimental groups, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Short-term mechanical ventilation with hyperoxia led to significant microvascular and muscle changes, which may reflect the onset of an inflammatory process.CONTEXTUALIZAÇÃO: A asssistência ventilória mecânica (AVM) prolongada associada a altas frações de oxigênio produz impacto negativo na função diafragmática. No entanto, não são claros os efeitos agudos da AVM associada a altas frações de oxigênio em pulmões aparentemente sadios. OBJETIVO: Analisar os efeitos agudos da ventilação mecânica com hiperóxia na morfometria do diafragma de ratos. Métodos: Estudo experimental prospectivo, com nove ratos Wistar, com peso de 400±20 g, randomizados em dois grupos: controle (n=4), anestesiados, traqueostomizados e mantidos em respiração espontânea em ar ambiente por 90 minutos e experimental (n=5), também anestesiados, curarizados, traqueostomizados e mantidos em ventilação mecânica controlada pelo mesmo tempo. Foram submetidos à toracotomia mediana para coleta da amostra das fibras costais do diafragma que foram seccionadas a cada 5 μm e coradas pela hematoxilina e eosina para o estudo morfométrico. Para a análise estatística, foi utilizado o teste t de Student não pareado, com nível de significância de p<0,05. RESULTADOS: Não foram encontrados sinais indicativos de lesão muscular aguda, porém observou-se dilatação dos capilares sanguíneos no grupo experimental. Os dados morfométricos do diâmetro transverso máximo da fibra muscular costal foram em média de 61,78±17,79 µm e de 70,75±9,93 µm (p=0,045) nos grupos controle e experimental respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: A ventilação mecânica de curta duração com elevada concentração de O2 produziu marcantes alterações microvasculares e musculares, podendo refletir o início do processo inflamatório.Universidade Federal de UberlândiaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Departamento de HistologiaUNIFESP Departamento de AnatomiaUniversidade Federal do Triângulo MineiroUNIFESP, Depto. de HistologiaUNIFESP, Depto. de AnatomiaSciEL