Anticancer activity of curcumin alone and in combination with piperine in Dalton lymphoma ascites bearing mice

181-189Curcumin has been reported for its anticancer activity, but clinically it suffers from low bioavailability. In this context, we explored the potential of a natural bioavailability enhancing agent piperine in the present study. Piperine too has anticancer activity, and thereby combination of these two natural ingredients were tested for better therapeutic use. Curcumin (50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg), piperine (10 mg/kg) alone and in combination was evaluated in Dalton lymphoma ascites (DLA) bearing mice by assessing various biochemical and histopathological parameters. Treatment with the curcumin at two different concentrations and piperine alone has shown some therapeutic benefit in reducing the tumors and increased the lifespan of the tested animals (%ILS). The treatment groups have shown significant therapeutic benefits in restoration of hematological and biochemical parameters, particularly in combination treatment groups. Precisely, curcumin and piperine in combination have shown more significant influence in the restoration of various hematological and biochemical parameters. Histopathological observations also revealed that combination of curcumin and piperine improves repairing of the tissue damage due to inoculation of lymphoma significantly

Anticancer activity of curcumin alone and in combination with piperine in Dalton lymphoma ascites bearing mice

Curcumin has been reported for its anticancer activity, but clinically it suffers from low bioavailability. In this context, we explored the potential of a natural bioavailability enhancing agent piperine in the present study. Piperine too has anticancer activity, and thereby combination of these two natural ingredients were tested for better therapeutic use. Curcumin (50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg), piperine (10 mg/kg) alone and in combination was evaluated in Dalton lymphoma ascites (DLA) bearing mice by assessing various biochemical and histopathological parameters. Treatment with the curcumin at two different concentrations and piperine alone has shown some therapeutic benefit in reducing the tumors and increased the lifespan of the tested animals (%ILS). The treatment groups have shown significant therapeutic benefits in restoration of hematological and biochemical parameters, particularly in combination treatment groups. Precisely, curcumin and piperine in combination have shown more significant influence in the restoration of various hematological and biochemical parameters. Histopathological observations also revealed that combination of curcumin and piperine improves repairing of the tissue damage due to inoculation of lymphoma significantly

Effect of combination therapy with pramipexole and n-acetylcysteine on global cerebral ischemic reperfusion injury in rats

Objective(s): The study was intended to investigate the combined influence of two neuroprotective agents pramipexole and n-acetylcysteine on global cerebral ischemic reperfusion injury (GCIRI) model in rats.Materials and Methods: GCIRI was induced by bilateral common carotid artery ligation (BCCA) in rats. Animals were divided into six groups. Groups I, II, and III received saline intraperitoneally (IP) (5 ml/kg/day, 0.9 % saline). The remaining groups IV, V, and VI were treated with n-acetylcysteine (NAC-150 mg/kg/day, IP), pramipexole (PPX-0.23 mg/kg/day, IP) alone and in combination, respectively. BCCA was done in all groups except in groups I (control) and II (sham control) of animals. The treatment was given for one week before the surgery and continued for two days after surgery. Subsequently, behavioral performances, biochemical estimations, proinflammatory cytokines, and histopathological evaluations were done.Results: NAC, PPX, and combination treatment groups showed significant ameliorative effects on behavioral, biochemical, proinflammatory cytokines, and histopathological studies as compared with the BCCA group. Whereas, the combination group showed a significant difference in ameliorating the pathological changes of biochemical parameters and histopathological changes in comparison with the PPX alone treated group but not with the NAC alone group. Conclusion: The study concluded that in the combination treatment group the histopathological parameter improved and the oxidative stress parameters were mitigated significantly compared with the PPX alone treatment group but not with the NAC alone treatment group

COVID-19: molecular pathophysiology, genetic evolution and prospective therapeutics—a review

The Covid-19 pandemic is highly contagious and has spread rapidly across the globe. To date there have been no specific treatment options available for this life-threatening disease. During this medical emergency, target-based drug repositioning/repurposing with a continuous monitoring and recording of results is an effective method for the treatment and drug discovery. This review summarizes the recent findings on COVID-19, its genomic organization, molecular evolution through phylogenetic analysis and has recapitulated the drug targets by analyzing the viral molecular machinery as drug targets and repurposing of most frequently used drugs worldwide and their therapeutic applications in COVID-19. Data from solidarity trials have shown that the treatment with Chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine and lopinavir-ritonavir had no effect in reducing the mortality rate and also had adverse side effects. Remdesivir, Favipiravir and Ribavirin might be a safer therapeutic option for COVID-19. Recent clinical trial has revealed that dexamethasone and convalescent plasma treatment can reduce mortality in patients with severe forms of COVID-19

Tetramethylpyrazine contributes to the neuroprotection in a rodent epileptic model of pentylenetetrazole-induced kindling

Objectives In this study, tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) was evaluated for its therapeutic potential as an alternative therapy for epileptogenesis and its associated comorbidities in rats. Methods The sub-convulsant dose of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) (35 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) was injected on alternative days to produce kindling for 32 days and observed for seizure score percent of kindled animals in each group. After kindling, the animals were evaluated in models of anxiety, memory and predictive of depression. The neuroprotective effect of TMP was assessed by estimating the biochemical parameters in the cortex and hippocampus of the brain. Histopathological alterations were also observed in the cortex and hippocampus (CA1, CA3 and DG). Key findings The administration of TMP reduced the seizure score and percentage of kindled animals dose-dependently. Furthermore, TMP significantly improved the behavioural parameters measured in the predictive models of depression but not in the anxiety and cognitive performances of the animals. The oxidative-nitrosative stress, excitotoxicity, neuroinflammation and histological alterations in the brain induced by PTZ were significantly mitigated by administering the TMP high dose of 60 mg/kg. Conclusion In conclusion, the TMP attenuated the depression behaviour in the PTZ-induced kindled rats, and reduced the oxidative-nitrosative stress, excitotoxicity, neuroinflammation and histological alterations of the brain