Tools for teaching intersession in a year-round school

The purpose of this project was to create a website that would assist teachers who teach intersession at the year round school. The goal is to allow teachers to spend less time on paperwork and focus on what they need to do in order to service their students and help them meet their goals

Adverse Maternal Fetal Environment Partially Mediates Disparate Outcomes in Non-White Neonates with Major Congenital Heart Disease.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether differential exposure to an adverse maternal fetal environment partially explains disparate outcomes in infants with major congenital heart disease (CHD). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study utilizing a population-based administrative California database (2011-2017). Primary exposure: Race/ethnicity. Primary mediator: Adverse maternal fetal environment (evidence of maternal metabolic syndrome and/or maternal placental syndrome). OUTCOMES: Composite of 1-year mortality or severe morbidity and days alive out of hospital in the first year of life (DAOOH). Mediation analyses determined the percent contributions of mediators on pathways between race/ethnicity and outcomes after adjusting for CHD severity. RESULTS: Included were 2747 non-Hispanic White infants (reference group), 5244 Hispanic, and 625 non-Hispanic Black infants. Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black infants had a higher risk for composite outcome (crude OR: 1.18; crude OR: 1.25, respectively) and fewer DAOOH (-6 & -12 days, respectively). Compared with the reference group, Hispanic infants had higher maternal metabolic syndrome exposure (43% vs 28%, OR: 1.89), and non-Hispanic Black infants had higher maternal metabolic syndrome (44% vs 28%; OR: 1.97) and maternal placental syndrome exposure (18% vs 12%; OR, 1.66). Both maternal metabolic syndrome exposure (OR: 1.21) and maternal placental syndrome exposure (OR: 1.56) were related to composite outcome and fewer DAOOH (-25 & -16 days, respectively). Adverse maternal fetal environment explained 25% of the disparate relationship between non-Hispanic Black race and composite outcome and 18% of the disparate relationship between Hispanic ethnicity and composite outcome. Adverse maternal fetal environment explained 16% (non-Hispanic Black race) and 21% (Hispanic ethnicity) of the association with DAOOH. CONCLUSIONS: Increased exposure to adverse maternal fetal environment contributes to racial and ethnic disparities in major CHD outcomes

El espacio virtual de intercambio de información sobre recursos humanos en Ciencia y Tecnología de América Latina y el Caribe Del CV Lattes al CvLAC

Se describen los principales problemas de los diferentes sistemas de información para la gestión de la ciencia y tecnología de los países de América Latina y el Caribe y se identifican los retos y las alternativas para promover un mayor intercambio entre países del continente. La creación de un espacio de intercambio de información de los recursos humanos que participan en los sistemas de ciencia y tecnología, a través de una metodología común denominada el CvLAC, se constituye en una respuesta a los problemas identificados. El CvLAC parte de la experiencia brasileña del CvLattes. Se describen los objetivos y resultados esperados del Proyecto del CvLAC, ejecutado con la participación de Brasil, Colombia, Cuba, Chile, México y Venezuela. Se describen los desarrollos y alternativas a partir de los datos existentes en los países participantes en el proyecto, iniciando con Colombia y Chile, destacándose las infinitas posibilidades que las nuevas tecnologías de información digital y los nuevos desarrollos, logrados en este campo, hacen posible en términos de intercambio de datos

The behaviour of dark matter associated with 4 bright cluster galaxies in the 10kpc core of Abell 3827

Galaxy cluster Abell 3827 hosts the stellar remnants of four almost equally bright elliptical galaxies within a core of radius 10kpc. Such corrugation of the stellar distribution is very rare, and suggests recent formation by several simultaneous mergers. We map the distribution of associated dark matter, using new Hubble Space Telescope imaging and VLT/MUSE integral field spectroscopy of a gravitationally lensed system threaded through the cluster core. We find that each of the central galaxies retains a dark matter halo, but that (at least) one of these is spatially offset from its stars. The best-constrained offset is 1.62+/-0.48kpc, where the 68% confidence limit includes both statistical error and systematic biases in mass modelling. Such offsets are not seen in field galaxies, but are predicted during the long infall to a cluster, if dark matter self-interactions generate an extra drag force. With such a small physical separation, it is difficult to definitively rule out astrophysical effects operating exclusively in dense cluster core environments - but if interpreted solely as evidence for self-interacting dark matter, this offset implies a cross-section sigma/m=(1.7+/-0.7)x10^{-4}cm^2/g x (t/10^9yrs)^{-2}, where t is the infall duration.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figure

Listening to the parent voice to inform person-centred neonatal care.

Family integrated care (FIC), where parents are an integral part of their baby’s care and decision-making can enhance parental involvement and empowerment, contributing to decreased parental separation and stress. It follows that parents can also be a central part of neonatal education for staff in the neonatal speciality. This paper focuses on what students and staff can learn from parents about what they feel is important to make their experience better. A narrative, interpretive approach was undertaken to collect and analyse parent interview narratives. A specific question was posed to a purposive sample of parents who have had premature babies about what health professionals can learn from them. Thematic analysis revealed five key themes relating to the importance of: communicating; listening; empathising; acknowledging (the parent’s role); realising (what matters to parents). These elements were incorporated into a framework named by the mnemonic, ‘CLEAR’. This highlights what parents want staff to be cognisant of when caring for them and their babies. Learning from the parents in our care enables a greater understanding of their experiences at difficult and challenging times. Having a deeper understanding of parents’ experiences can contribute to enhanced empathic learning.Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio

Perfil epidemiológico: leishmaniose tegumentar americana no município de Cacoal - Rondonia

A leishmaniose é uma dermatozoonose de grande distribuição e ampla incidência no Brasil. É originada por diversos protozoários do gênero Leishmania e é também transmitida pela picada de flebotomíneos. Comumente compromete pessoas que trabalham em florestas, como geólogos, agricultores, mineiros e técnicos florestais. Assim, é caracterizada como uma enfermidade ocupacional, porém, nos últimos anos, a LTA vem passando por uma urbanização. O objetivo do trabalho foi apresentar o perfil epidemiológico dos casos notificados de Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana (LTA) no município de Cacoal (RO), no período de 2018 a 2022. Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, documental, quantitativo, descritivo e retrospectivo. Os dados foram obtidos do DATASUS/e-SUS, segundo sexo, faixa etária, raça, escolaridade, zona de moradia, critério de confirmação e evolução. Os resultados foram expressos por análise estatística descritiva. Entre 2018 e 2022, foram notificados 224 casos de LTA entre indivíduos de 0 e 76 anos, sendo 23 mulheres e 173 homens, 93% dos casos confirmados utilizaram o critério laboratorial. Concluiu-se que as notificações foram em sua grande maioria em pacientes do sexo masculino, pardos e brancos, de 5º a 8º série incompleta foram os mais afetados. Os locais de infecção são todos da zona rural e o critério de confirmação foi quase que predominantemente laboratorial e a evolução dos casos em sua maioria foi de cura. A cura clínica ocorreu em 67% dos casos e os anos que tiveram mais notificações foram em 2018 e 2020

Results of the Sukuma Ndoda (“Stand up, Man”) HIV Self-Screening and Assisted Linkage to Care Project in Johannesburg: A Quasi-Experimental Pre–Post Evaluation

BackgroundHIV testing rates among South African men lag behind rates for women and national targets. Community-based HIV self-screening (HIVSS) distribution and follow-up by community health workers (CHWs) is a scalable option to increase testing coverage, diagnosis, and treatment initiation. We provided HIVSS and assisted linkage to care to men not recently tested (within the past 12 months) residing in high-HIV-burden areas of Johannesburg.MethodsCHWs distributed HIVSS in 6 clinic catchment areas. Follow-up to encourage confirmatory testing and antiretroviral therapy initiation was conducted through personal support (PS) or an automated short message service (SMS) follow-up and linkage system in 3 clinic areas each. Using a quasi-experimental pre-post design, we compared differences in the proportion of men testing in the clinic catchment areas during the HIVSS campaign (June-August 2019) to the 3 months prior (March-May 2019) and compared treatment initiations by assisted linkage strategy.ResultsAmong 4793 participants accepting HIVSS, 62% had never tested. Among 3993 participants with follow-up data, 90.6% reported using their HIVSS kit. Testing coverage among men increased by 156%, from under 4% when only clinic-based HIV testing services were available to 9.5% when HIVSS and HIV testing services were available (z = -11.6; P < 0.01). Reported test use was higher for men followed through PS (99% vs. 68% in SMS); however, significantly more men reported reactive self-test results in the SMS group compared with PS (6.4% vs. 2.0%), resulting in more antiretroviral therapy initiations in the SMS group compared with PS (23 vs. 9; P < 0.01).ConclusionsCHW HIVSS distribution significantly increases testing among men. While PS enabled personalized follow-up, reporting differences indicate SMS is more acceptable and better aligned with expectations of privacy associated with HIVSS

Análise dos procedimentos educacionais acerca da técnica de uso de dispositivos inalatórios em pacientes portadores da Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica e Asma: Uma revisão sistemática / Analysis of educational procedures on the technique of using inhalation devices in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Asthma: A Systematic Review

A Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica (DPOC) é caracterizada por ter o fluxo aéreo obstruído de forma progressiva. A asma, por sua vez, também é uma doença pulmonar crônica com uma obstrução decorrente da inflamação das vias aéreas geralmente associados à hiper-responsividade das vias aéreas a estímulos diretos ou indiretos. O tratamento farmacológico de ambas é feito a partir de broncodilatadores pela via inalatória. A desinformação é a causa principal do uso indevido de inaladores, e a afirmação dada pelo paciente de que ele realiza corretamente a técnica inalatória, sem qualquer demonstração, não garante um bom desempenho. Dado o exposto, esse trabalho possui como objetivo revisar a literatura e descrever como é feita a técnica inalatória e a relação com os procedimentos educacionais acerca da técnica em pacientes portadores de DPOC e asma. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática. As bases de dados para busca de artigos foram Google acadêmico, Science direct e Pubmed. Foram estabelecidos os seguintes descritores: inhaler, inhalation device, COPD, asthma e inhaler technique. Na avaliação dos estudos segundo a iniciativa STROBE, foi observado que 4 dos 15 artigos (26,7 %) cumpriram todos (100%) requisitos. Observou-se em 100% dos estudos que os pacientes faziam a técnica inalatória incorretamente. Observou-se também que os procedimentos educacionais se relacionam com a diminuição dos erros e da melhora da técnica. Pequeno é o esforço necessário e a dispensação de tempo para se corrigir a técnica e proporcionar ao paciente o uso pleno da medicação. Destarte, é nítida a relação entre a técnica inalatória e os procedimentos educacionais acerca dela