Future Community-Based Ecotourism (CBET) development

Ecotourism is an alternative form of tourism and is usually confused with natural and cultural tourism.CBET is fast becoming a popular biodiversity conservation tool that develops and benefits the local community. Based on the context of conservation theory and practice, Community-Based Ecotourism (CBET) is a form of community-based natural resource management. However, a sustainable CBET development through Community Capacity Building (CCB)programs is not something that it easily achievable. Local community’s capacity varies from one culture to another. It takes a high level of community participation, in order for it to come to a level where the community members themselves are motivated to participate and contribute to the development of the program. This fully qualitative research involved 15 respondents from the community of Kg. Selai, Bekok in Johor, Malaysia. The result show there are five factors that sustained the ecotourism development based for Orang Asli Community in Kg. Selai, namely, existing CBET development, past CBET development, local community participation in planning stage of tourism, local participation in implementation stage of tourism and participation in nature conservation

Giant choroid plexus papilloma of the third ventricle

Abstract are not provided by the author/publishe

Bacteria from contaminated urban and hilly areas as a source of polyhydroxyalkanoates production

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) production and extraction of different bacterial strains isolated from contaminated urban and hilly areas was conducted. The 30 bacterial isolates were Gram negative andbelonged to Pseudomonas, Citrobacter, Klebsiella, Escherichia and Enterobacter genera. Bacterial level of resistance against antibiotics (Penicillin) and heavy metals (zinc, cadmium and copper) was determined. Bacterial isolates from contaminated urban areas were found to be more resistant. The screening for PHA production was done by the Sudan black staining. Among the urban area isolates, U17, U8 and U9 produced highest concentration of PHA (50.4, 40.6 and 37.9%) while in hilly areaisolates H8, H6 and H9 showed highest production (45.8, 42.4 and 37.6%) by SDS digestion method. The percentage production was lowered when the extraction was done by sodium hypochlorite digestion method. Selected bacterial strains were optimized for PHA production at different growth conditions that is, pH, temperature and carbon sources. Bacterial isolates U8, U17 and H8 produced maximum amount of PHA 74, 69 and 59%, respectively, at pH 7, 37°C and using cooking oil as carbon source after 72 h. PHA polymerase phaC1/C2 genes were successfully amplified from genomic DNA of three bacterial isolates showing 540 bp DNA fragment which confirmed the presence of phaC1/C2 gene presence. It showed that the corresponding bacterial isolates would have been able to synthesizemedium chain length PHA

Aspects of Political Language and Parallelism

This research is intended to explain the use of parallelism in political speeches. When politicians want to emphasize and reach their aims , they use parallelism . political speeches is pregnant with meaning . Parallelism is a device which expresses several ideas in a series of similar structures . There are different types of parallelism : lexical, syntactic , semantic, synthetic , binary, antithetical . Parallelism works on different levels: 1. Syntactic level in which there are parallel structure of word phrase or sentence , 2. Semantic  level in which there are synonymous and antonymous relations , 3. Phonological level in which we can find alliteration , assonance and rhyme . There are three categories in structural (syntactic) parallelism . First , parallelism at the word level . Secondly, parallelism  at the phrase level , and thirdly parallelism at the clause level. Parallelism is considered as rhetorical and stylistic device . the rhetorical function of parallelism is to strengthen , empower, emphasize, persuade and have a big impact on recipients . The connection between parallelism and political speeches lies in the fact that politicians rely on linguistic repertoire in order to obtain and achieve their objectives and aims , one of these linguistic  configurations is parallelism . a language can be thought of as resource which is drawn upon in order for political goals to be achieved . Parallelism can function as a cohesive device through cohesive repetition since it is considered as a partial repetition . Cohesive repetition is used by politicians to persuade audience and manipulate them for certain aims and issues

Histological Effect of Ursolic Acid, Hyperinsulinemia and Vitamin B Complex on Sciatic Nerve Repair and Lipid Profile of Alloxan induced Diabetic Rabbits

       تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تقييم تأثير حامض الأورسوليك، فرط الأنسولين وفيتامين ب المركب على إصلاح العصب الوركي في ذكور الأرانب المصابة بمرض السكري، وتحديد آثارها على الدهون في الدم وكشف آثارها على التركيب النسيجي للعصب الوركي. وأظهرت نتائج هذه الدراسة أن السكري المستحدث بالألوكسان تسبب في زيادة نسبة الكوليسترول والدهون الثلاثية في الدم في حين العلاج باستخدام حامض الأورسوليك المستخلص والقياسي، فرط الانسولين وفيتامين ب المركب سبب انخفاضاً كبيراً في نسبة الكولسترول والدهون الثلاثية في الدم (p<0.05).    هناك انخفاض ملحوظ في البروتين الدهني عالي الكثافة (HDL) وزيادة كبيرة في البروتين الدهني منخفض الكثافة (LDL) في الدم وجد في مجموعات السكري وفرط الانسولين، في حين أن هناك زيادة كبيرة في (HDL) في جميع مجاميع العلاج باستثناء مجموعة فرط الانسولين. من ناحية أخرى، هناك انخفاض ملحوظ في (LDL)، خاصة في مجموعة حامض الأورسوليك المستخلص (p<0.05). لقد بينت المقاطع النسيجية للعصب الوركي انحلال الألياف العصبية يبدو كمناطق تورم غير واضحة وتحلل دهني للألياف العصبية بسبب عملية سحق العصب. بعد العلاج هناك العديد من التغييرات المختلفة التي دلت على وجود تحسن في العصب الوركي اختلفت هذه التغيرات وفقا لنوع العلاج.This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ursolic acid, hyperinsulinemia and vitamin B complex on sciatic nerve repair in diabetes mellitus male rabbits, determination of their effects on lipid profile and histological structures of the sciatic nerve. The results of  our study showed that alloxan induced diabetes caused a significant increase (p<0.05)   in serum cholesterol and triglyceride while treatment of extracted and standard ursolic acid, hyperinsulinemia and vitamin B complex caused a significant decrease (p<0.05) in serum cholesterol and triglyceride. There are significantly decreased (p<0.05) in serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) and significantly increase (p<0.05) in serum low density lipoprotein (LDL) is found in induced diabetic and hyperinsulinemia groups while there is a significant increase (p<0.05) of HDL in all treated groups except hyperinsulinemic group, on the other hand, there is a significant decrease (p<0.05) in LDL, especially in extracting ursolic acid group (p<0.05). Histological sections of sciatic nerve confirmed there is a degeneration of nerve fibers appears as areas of cloudy swelling and fatty de- generation of the nerve fibers due to nerve crush. There are various improvement changes due to the different treatment type

The DNA Of Materials

Introductory physics labs provide many challenging yet applicable experiments and concepts to the many fields of engineering.  One such lab has been developed at West Virginia University that explores resistivities of several different materials and ties this concept into electrical engineering practices and standards.  Many students do not realize that resistivity is a very significant quantity that contributes greatly to the understanding of natural as well as man-made materials; it is the DNA of materials. This lab provides engineering students an opportunity to not only learn physics of materials, but to also gain real-world experience and understanding of why certain materials are used in electronic devices and when designing and constructing buildings.  This lab has been implemented in several introductory lab levels here at West Virginia University, and all have been met with enthusiasm and strong participation.  In our pre-engineering physics course, this has been especially effective, as it has given the students some hands-on experience with physics principles that they will make use of in their future careers

Exposure to NO2 in occupational built environments in urban centre in Lahore

Increased economic growth, urbanisation and substantial rise in automobile vehicles has contributed towards the elevated levels of air pollution in major cities in Pakistan. Aone week study was conducted by using passive samplers to assess NO2 concentration in occupational built environments at two most congested and populated sites of Lahore. Both sites were locatedon the busy roads of Lahore. At Site-I the highest concentration was in outdoors followed by corridor and indoor. While at Site II all the sampling location wereindoors and level were comparable to that of outdoor levelsat Site I. The results suggest the likely contribution of ambient sources in exposure to indoor NO2 in educational and other occupational built environments in urban centres

DYE REMOVAL FROM TEXTILE WASTEWATER BY COAGULATION USING ALUM AND PAC

Removal of solar brown and direct black dyes by coagulation with two aluminum based coagulants was conducted. The main objective is to examine the efficiency of these coagulants in the treatment of dye polluted water discharged from Al-Kadhymia Textile Company (Baghdad-Iraq). The performance of these coagulants was investigated through jar test by comparing dye percent removal at different wastewater pH, coagulant dose, and initial dye concentration. Results show that alum works better than PAC under acidic media (5-6) and PAC works better under basic media (7-8) in the removal of both solar brown and direct black dyes. Higher doses of PAC were required to achieve the maximum removal efficiency under optimum pH conditions for both dyes. It was observed that under optimum conditions of pH and dose values, PAC was significantly higher dye removal efficiency than alum for all dyes initial concentrations

Youth Driven Engagement in the Homestay Program

Community-based tourism (CBT) is one of the tourist attracting ways involving local community which aims to develop and to enhance the era as well as to bring renewal to the local community. It includes the involvement of youth. CBT comes in various types and this study was conducted to find how CBT can create youth engagement in the homestay program. There were various factors that motivate youth to participate in homestay program. This study involved one case study of a qualitative study conducted in a district in Sabah, namely in Kundasang. In this study, Mersilou Homestay and Walai Tokou Homestay were chosen to be used as a place of study to review factors youth engagement in the homestay program. Data collection was through interviews in partial structures. Data were analyzed using NviVo 10 software and based on certain themes. The findings shown that there were several factors which drive engagement of youth in the homestay program in terms of interests, income, parental encouragement and comfort working in their own areas. In conclusion, the engagement of youth in the homestay program is based on the factors discovered in the study