Pengaruh Suplementasi Vitamin E Terhadap Gambaran Histopatologis Hati Tikus Putih Wistar Yang Diberi Ransum Lemak Tinggi

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh vitamin E terhadap gambaran histopatologis hati tikus putih (Wistar) yang diberi ransum tinggi lemak. Dua puluh lima ekor tikus putih jantan digunakan dalam penelitian ini dan dibagi secara acak dalam 5 kelompok perlakuan, tiap kelompok terdiri dari 5 ekor. Tikus putih KI, diberi ransum CP 521; KII, diberi ransum CP 521 + minyak kelapa 10% (ransum lemak tinggi) + vitamin E 50 lU; KIII , diberi ransum lemak tinggi + vitamin E 100 lU; KIV, diberi ransum lemak tinggi + vitamin E 200 lU; dan KV, diberi ransum lemak tinggi + vitamin E 400 lU. Perlakuan dilaksanakan selama 3 bulan. Setelah 3 bulan, hati diambil untuk pemeriksaan rutin histopatologis dengan metode mikroteknik dan pewarnaan hematoksilin-eosin (HE). Hasil pengamatan secara mikroskopik, pada kelompok KI dan KV menunjukkan histopatologis hati dalam keadaan normal, tetapi pada KII, KIII, dan KIV, terlihat adanya degenerasi hepatosit. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian ransum lemak tinggi + vitamin E 400 IU mampu melindungi terhadap degenerasi hepatosit

The Effect of Vitamin E Supplementation on the Histopathological Changes of The Hearts Mice Given High Fat Diet

The aim of this study was to determine the protective effect of vitamin E on mice heart. Twentyfivemalemiceweighing±40gattheageof3monthswereused.Themicewereadaptedforaweekandfedbasaldiet.Themicewerefednormaldietascontrol(group1),highfat+50IUVitaminE(groupII);highfat + 100 IU Vitamin E (group III) high fat + 200 IU Vitamin E (group IV); high fat + 400 IUVitamin E (Group V). Diet was given about 10% body weight, water was given ad libitum every day. After 3 months, all animal were then killed. The hearts were collected for routine histopathologicalexamination. The result indicate that lesions in the heart consist of swollen eosinophilic hyalinization ofcytoplasm, vacuolization, and necrosis myocardium (cardiomiopathy) in all mice receiving high fat dietwith less than 400 IU Vitamin E.Keywords: high fat diet, vitamin E, cardiovascular diseases

PENGARUH SUPLEMENTASI VITAMIN E TERHADAP KONSENTRASI TRIGLISERIDA SERUM DARAH DAN GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGIS HATI TIKUS PUTIH WISTAR YANG DIBERI RANSUM LEMAK TINGGI

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh vitamin E terhadap konsentrasi trigliserida serum darah, gambaran histopatologis hati, dan memberi informasi, khususnya hubungan antara lemak tinggi dengan insiden penyakit  hati tikus putih (Wistar)  yang  diberi ransum tinggi  lemak.  Dua puluh  lima ekor  tikus putih  jantan. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL). Tikus putih dibagi secara acak dalam 5 kelompok perlakuan, tiap kelompok terdiri atas 5 ekor. KI, sebagai kontrol diberi ransum CP 521, KI1, diberi ransum CP 521+ minyak kelapa 10% (ransum lemak tinggi) + vitamin E 50 lU,  KIII, diberi ransum lemak tinggi +vitamin E 100lU,  KIV, diberi ransum lemak tinggi + vitamin E 200 lU, dan  KV, diberi ransum lemak tinggi + vitamin E 400 lU. Perlakuan dilaksanakan selama 3  bulan. Setelah 3 bulan, darah diambil untuk uji konsentrasi trigliserida,  lalu dibunuh hati diambil untuk pemeriksaan rutin histopatologis dengan metode mikroteknik dan HE. Hasil analisis statistik  menunjukkan  adanya  perbedaan  yang     sangat  nyata  (P<0,01)  terhadap  meningkatnya  konsentrasi trigliserida. Hasil uji Duncan antar kelompok perlakuan menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang sangat nyata (P<0,01) kecuali KIII vs KIV yang menunjukkan adanya perbedaan nyata (P<0,05) dan  begitu juga halnya antara KI vs KIV. Hasil pengamatan secara mikroskopik, pada kelompok KI dan KV menunjukkan histopatologis hati dalam keadaan normal,  tetapi pada KII, KIII, dan KIV, terlihat adanya  degenerasi hepatosit. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian ransum lemak tinggi, + vitamin E 400 IU sudah mampu melindungi terhadap untuk tidak terjadinya peningkatan konsentrasi trigliserida dan mampu melindungi hepatosit. Kata kunci: ransum lemak tinggi, trigliserida, degenerasi hepatosi

Modeling of acetosolv pulping of oil palm fronds using response surface methodology and wavelet neural networks

Mathematical models based on response surface methodology (RSM) and wavelet neural networks (WNNs) in conjunction with a central composite design were developed in order to study the influence of pulping variables viz. acetic acid, temperature, time, and hydrochloric acid (catalyst) on the resulting pulp and paper properties (screened yield, kappa number, tensile and tear indices) during the acetosolv pulping of oil palm fronds. The performance analysis demonstrated the superiority of WNNs over RSM, in that the former reproduced the experimental results with percentage errors and mean squared errors between 3 and 8% and 0.0054–0.4514 respectively, which were much lower than those obtained by the RSM models with corresponding values of 12–40% and 0.0809–9.3044, further corroborating the goodness of fit of the WNNs models for simulating the acetosolv pulping of oil palm fronds. Based on this assessment, it validates the exceptional predictive ability of the WNNs in comparison to the RSM polynomial model

Elevator‘s External Button Recognition and Detection for Vision-based System

Recently, autonomous transporter offers the assistance and delivery for user but they are only focusing on single floor environment. To widen up fields of robotic, they teach robot to use an elevator because elevator provides an essential means of faster movement across level. However, most of the mobile service robot failed to detect elevator’s position due to the complex background and reflection on the elevator door and button panel itself. This paper presents a new strategy for recognition method to detect elevator by detecting their external button efficiently. Sobel is use as edge detection operator to find the estimated absolute gradient magnitude at each point in an input grayscale image. Then, but we enhanced the technique by combining it with wiener filter to reduce the amount of noise present in a signal by comparing the signal with an estimation of the desired noiseless signal. This filter helps to eliminate the reflection image on elevator’s button panel before it can be converted to black and white image (binarization). The process followed by some morphological and structuring elements process. Tests have been done and the results shown that elevator’s external button can be recognized and detected by those entire framework

Extraction of Volatile Fatty Acids from Leachate via Liquid-liquid Extraction and Adsorption Method

Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) are used in wide range of commercially-important chemicals. Treatment of leachate at landfills by fermentation process will produce VFAs (butyric acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, isovaleric acid and isobutyric acid) can be considered as a replacement for petroleum-based VFA due to their degradability, renewability and sustainability. Therefore, separation of VFAs residue after the leachate treatment is important and essential from the point of view of pollution control and recovery of useful material. The aim of this study is to compare the percentage of VFAs extracted between liquid-liquid extraction and adsorption method. The VFAs extracted in this study were acetic and butyric acids produced from the fermentation of leachate using Clostridium butyricum. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used using central composite design (CCD) to optimize the parameters that affect the extraction of acetic and butyric acids. Liquid-liquid extraction using petroleum ether (69/80) with optimum parameters (temperature: 35 oC, pH: 4.8, agitation: 175.4 rpm, incubation time: 16.8 h and volume of treated leachate: 14.1 %) showed that the acetic acid and butyric acid extracted were 28.1% and 88.8% respectively. On the other hand, adsorption method using activated carbon showed the highest extraction percentage of acetic acid, 87.4% and butyric acid 94.1% with the optimum parameters of pH 3.0, 19.8 % activated carbon weight, 40 oC, 9.5 h incubation time and 179.9 rpm agitation speed

Opinion of Young People on the Crises of Emerging Adulthood: Premarital Sex, Ex-nuptial Pregnancy and Infant Abandonment

Premarital sex, ex-nuptial pregnancy and infant abandonment are increasing problems. This study aimed to explore the opinion of youngsters on the contributing factors of this triad. A focus group discussion was conducted among 59 consented youngsters who were clustered into six groups. Standard prompts were given, discussions were audiotaped, transcribed and thematically analysed. Main themes emerged as the contributing factors include adjustment with the transition in life, conflict in relationships and lacking internal defences. Understanding these factors within the social development of youngsters is essential to equip them in making an informed decision on their sexuality and crises in life. Keywords: ex-nuptial pregnancy, infant abandonment, premarital sex, youngsters eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI:https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6iSI4.289

A review of Malaysia solid waste management policies to improve recycling practice and waste separation among households

Households are the primary source that contributes to the municipal solid waste and thus, it is well justified that they should be targeted in waste recycling policies for the improvement of recycling rates in this nation. Aware of the significant role among the household, Malaysia has taken a series of initiative to improve the national policies for solid waste management to foster waste separation practices among household. These waste management policies focused on waste separation and waste recycling behaviour among households in Malaysia. This is because a well-managed and planned waste policy is one of the vital factors that will enhance waste separation and recycling behaviour among households. This paper attempts to summarise the waste management policies in Malaysia, chronologically and summarise the solid waste management and transformation plans in a timeline table for the ease of reference among future researcher and policymaker. This is to provide them with a better understanding of the progression of waste management policies and regulations in Malaysia

Individual needs, cooperative learning and academic achievement among university’s students

Academic achievement is an important indicator of student performance in institution of higher learning. Notwithstanding the intensity of investigation on academic performance, the dynamic nature of external environments engender continuous development of teaching and learning in higher learning institutions so as to minimize knowledge asymmetry. Previous studies emphasize on the important of individual needs and cooperative learning on the performance output of students of higher institution. Specifically this study investigates the role of student’s individual needs and cooperative learning on academic performance. Data was collected from 100 undergraduate students at the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. Multiple regression analysis was employed to test the hypotheses. Findings indicate that individual needs significantly influences academic performance. In addition, cooperative learning mediates the relationship between individual needs and academic achievement, hence partial mediating function of cooperative learning. At the end of this paper, the discussion is presented and the conclusion is discussed

Sigma point-based fastslam: Solution to slam problem

This paper proposes a reduced sigma point transformation for a FastSLAM framework. The sigma point transformation is used to estimate robot poses in conjunction with generic particle filter used in standard FastSLAM framework. This method can estimate robot poses more consistently and accurately than the current standard particle filters, especially when involving highly nonlinear models or non-Gaussian noises. In addition, this algorithm avoids the calculation of the Jacobian for motion model which could be extremely difficult for high order systems. We proposed a sampling strategy known as a spherical simplex for sigma point transformation to estimate robot poses in FastSLAM framework. Simulation results are shown to validate the performance goals