68 research outputs found
Guidelines for the selection of appropriate remote sensing technologies for landslide detection, monitoring and rapid mapping: the experience of the SafeLand European Project.
New earth observation satellites, innovative airborne platforms and sensors, high precision laser scanners,
and enhanced ground-based geophysical investigation tools are a few examples of the increasing diversity of
remote sensing technologies used in landslide analysis. The use of advanced sensors and analysis methods can
help to significantly increase our understanding of potentially hazardous areas and helps to reduce associated
risk. However, the choice of the optimal technology, analysis method and observation strategy requires careful
considerations of the landslide process in the local and regional context, and the advantages and limitations of
each technique.
Guidelines for the selection of the most suitable remote sensing technologies according to different landslide
types, displacement velocities, observational scales and risk management strategies have been proposed. The
guidelines are meant to aid operational decision making, and include information such as spatial resolution and
coverage, data and processing costs, and maturity of the method. The guidelines target scientists and end-users
in charge of risk management, from the detection to the monitoring and the rapid mapping of landslides. They
are illustrated by recent innovative methodologies developed for the creation and updating of landslide inventory
maps, for the construction of landslide deformation maps and for the quantification of hazard.
The guidelines were compiled with contributions from experts on landslide remote sensing from 13 European
institutions coming from 8 different countries. This work is presented within the framework of the SafeLand
project funded by the European Commission’s FP7 Programme.JRC.H.7-Climate Risk Managemen
Short communication: Potential of Sentinel-1 interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) and offset tracking in monitoring post-cyclonic landslide activities on Réunion
This study examines the results of an interferometric synthetic aperture
radar (InSAR) and SAR offset tracking (OT) study in Cirque de Salazie (CdS), Réunion Island, France, within the context of the RENOVRISK project, a multidisciplinary programme to study the cyclonic risks in the south-western Indian Ocean. Despite numerous landslides in this territory, CdS is one of the more densely populated areas on Réunion Island. One of the aims of the project is to assess whether Sentinel-1 SAR methods can be used to measure landslide motion and/or accelerations due to post-cyclonic activity in CdS. We concentrate on the post-2017 cyclonic activity. We use the Copernicus Sentinel-1 data, acquired between 30 October 2017 and 6 November 2018. Sentinel-1 is a C-band SAR, and its signal can be severely affected by the presence of changing vegetation between two SAR acquisitions, particularly in CdS, where the vegetation canopy is well developed. This is why C-band radars such as the ones on board RADARSAT or Envisat, characterized by low acquisition frequency (24 and 36 d, respectively), could not be routinely used in CdS to measure landslide motion with InSAR in the past. In this study, we use InSAR and OT techniques applied to Sentinel-1 SAR. We find that C-band SAR on board Sentinel-1 can be used to monitor landslide motion in densely vegetated areas, thanks to its high acquisition frequency (12 d). OT stacking reveals a useful complement to InSAR, especially in mapping fast moving areas. In particular, we can highlight ground motion in the Hell-Bourg, Ilet à Vidot, Grand-Ilet, Camp Pierrot, and Le Bélier landslides.</p
Detection of river/sea ice deformation using satellite interferometry: limits and potential
International audienceIn this paper, we present a study consisting of the application of radar interferometry for river/sea ice monitoring in inhabited regions and on commercial waterways. The sites studied are located in Canadian regions where ice jams constitute a common winter hazard that can cause extensive socio-economic damage and impose severe restrictions on ship traffic. ERS and Radarsat images were jointly used with traditional in situ observations to detect ice break-up in order to prevent ice jams and related problems. A coherence study served to define the synthetic aperture radar interferometry (InSAR) limits for river/sea ice dynamics monitoring. Other factors that also help to define the limits of InSAR technology for this application include the frequency of image acquisition, the minimum dimension of detected ice floes and the determination of appropriate ice types. Significant phase shifts were found for small ice floes of several hundred metres with ERS-tandem images. The analysis of the interferograms showed that it is possible to detect deformations in the ice shelf and to discriminate quantitatively the horizontal and vertical components of ice movement when the interferograms are combined with traditional observations such as meteorological data, water level, water flow and ice charts. The deformation estimated on a piece of fast river ice can be interpreted as the first sign of the ice break-up. On an estuary river that is a busy seaway, a qualitative interpretation of the interferograms served to highlight the interaction of river and tidal flows affecting the ice cover. We showed, in particular, the potential of radar interferometry and its integration with other techniques to help the authorities to prevent problems related to ice jams
Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Doppler Anomaly Detected During the 2010 Merapi (Java, Indonesia) Eruption
In this letter, we report the presence of a localized
Doppler anomaly occurring during the focusing of a Radarsat-2
data set acquired on the Merapi volcano (Indonesia) during the
devastating 2010 eruption. The Doppler anomaly is manifested
as ∼3-km-wide bull’s-eye-shaped azimuth pixel shifts between
two subaperture images. The Doppler anomaly is centered on the
summit-south flank of the Merapi volcano. The pixel shifts reach
up to 11.6 m. Since the Merapi volcano was undergoing a large
eruption during the data acquisition, it is possible that there is a
volcano-related phenomenon that has delayed the radar signal so
much to create measurable pixel offsets within a single synthetic
aperture radar (SAR) data set, similar, but more extensive, to the
signal generated by targets motions; similar, but less extensive, to
the signal generated by ionospheric perturbations. It is known that
the SAR signal is delayed as it passes through heterogeneous layers
of the atmosphere, but this delay typically affects the SAR signal
to a fraction of the phase cycle or few centimeters depending on
the radar wavelength employed by the system. We investigate the
source of this anomalous metric signal; we review the theoretical
basis of SAR image focusing, and we try to provide a consistent
physical framework to our observations. Our results are compatible
with the SAR signal being perturbed during the actual process
of image focusing by the presence of a contrasting medium located
approximately between 6- and 12.5-km altitude, which we propose
being associated with the presence of volcanic ash plume
Measuring coseismic deformation on the northern segment of the Bam-Baravat escarpment associated with the 2003 Bam (Iran) earthquake, by correlation of very-high-resolution satellite imagery
International audienceThe role that the oblique reverse fault projecting to the surface at the Bam-Baravat escarpment (BBE) played in the slip accommodation of the 2003 (Mw 6.5) Bam earthquake is still unclear, regardless of many seismological and geodetic studies following this event. In this study, we correlate pre- and post-seismic very high spatial resolution panchromatic satellite images to map coseismic surface deformation along the northern segment of the BBE, a few hundred meters east of the urban area of Bam. Using a new approach based on principal component analysis (PCA) on offset measurements, we obtain 1.8 ± 0.6 cm east slip component and 2-6 ± 0.6 cm south slip component along the fault segment. Our results are consistent with ground observations over the study area and support the idea of the reactivation of the shallow part of this fault segment
Detection of mining related ground instabilities using the Permanent Scatterers technique-A case study in the East of France
International audienc
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