Las empleadas de hogar. Régimen jurídico y de Seguridad Social

Esta investigación presenta un estudio de género del régimen jurídico laboral aplicable al personal del servicio doméstico. Sector ocupado mayoritariamente por mujeres. El objetivo principal es realizar un análisis jurídico sobre el marco legal aplicable para la actividad de las empleadas de hogar. Se presentará evolución de la normativa laboral, de seguridad social, así como análisis de la acción protectora vigente, observando la precariedad existente para este colectivo. Para abordar este estudio ha sido necesario efectuar un análisis documental y bibliográfico, junto con otros informes y datos estadísticos. Se pretende así, mostrar una visión general de la relación laboral del personal al servicio del hogar familiar, analizando así sus peculiaridades respecto de la relación laboral común. La importancia de esta investigación radica en sus peculiaridades, difícilmente podemos encontrar una regulación tan precaria, teniendo en cuenta que la mayor parte de las personas que trabajan en este sector son mujeres.This research presents a gender study of the labor legal regime applicable to domestic service personnel. Sector occupied mainly by women. The main goal is to carry out a legal analysis on the applicable legal framework for the activity of domestic workers. The evolution of labor regulations, social security will be presented, as well as the analysis of the current protective action, observing the existing precariousness for this group. To address this study it has been necessary to carry out a documentary and bibliographic analysis, together with other reports and statistical data. The aim is to show a general vision of the employment relationship of the staff at the service of the family home, analyzing their peculiarities with respect to the common labor relationship. The importance of this research lies in its peculiarities, we can hardly find such a precarious regulation, taking into account that most of the people who work in this sector are women

Authenticity in Olive Oils from an Empeltre Clonal Selection in Aragon (Spain): How Environmental, Agronomic, and Genetic Factors Affect Sterol Composition

Sterol composition is used as a “fingerprint” to demonstrate the authenticity of olive oils. Our study’s objective was to exhaustively characterize the sterol composition of Empeltre olive oils from clonal selection during the ripening period in 2017, 2018, and 2019. We likewise assessed the influence of crop year, fruit ripening, and clonal selection on the oils’ regulatory compliance in terms of sterol composition. Empeltre olive oils were shown to have medium-range β-sitosterol and Δ5-avenasterol content, along with elevated amounts of campesterol and Δ7-stigmastenol. A total of 26% and 12% of the samples were non-compliant in terms of apparent β-sitosterol and Δ7-stigmastenol, respectively. Crop year was the most influential factor in the case of most sterols. Clone type was the least influential factor, except in the case of campesterol. Olive maturity was only significant for Δ7-sterols. We likewise applied a discriminant analysis, with “crop year” as the grouping variable: 94.9% of the oils were thereby classified correctly

Effect of cultivar and environment on chemical composition and geographical traceability of Spanish olive oils

This study aimed to investigate the influence of cultivar and environment on the chemical composition of Arbequina and Empeltre olive oils, and their contribution to geographical identification of olive oils from Aragon. A total of 260 olive oil samples from different cultivars (Arbequina, Empeltre, Royal de Calatayud, Alquezrana, and Royeta de Asque) from the three main oil‐producing areas of Aragon, located in northeast Spain, were selected. Fatty acid and sterol composition were analyzed in the course of three crop years (2017, 2018, and 2019). Cultivar was found the main factor influencing the variability of palmitic, palmitoleic, and linolenic fatty acid content, whereas geographic origin was the main contributor to variation in oleic and linoleic fatty acids in Arbequina and Empeltre olive oils. Cultivar also had a significant impact on sterol composition, although the effect of the production area also showed a significant effect on these oils. Crop year showed limited relevance, except for oleic and linoleic fatty acids. The interaction between the environment (e.g., crop year and geographical factors) and the cultivar (Arbequina and Empeltre) exerted a significant influence on oleic/linoleic (O/L) ratio and Δ7‐stigmastenol content, particularly in the southeast area of Aragon during the crop year with higher temperatures and drier conditions. Principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant analysis (DA) confirmed the discriminative potential of the geographic production zone as a factor enabling the differentiation of olive oils from Aragon based on the major fatty acids and sterols

Crop year, harvest date and clone effects on fruit characteristics, chemical composition and olive oil stability from an Empeltre clonal selection grown in Aragon

BACKGROUND In this study, the effects of crop year, harvest date and clone on the fruit characteristics and chemical composition of Empeltre olive oils were evaluated. For this purpose, the weight and oil content of fruit and the fatty acid composition, polyphenol content and oxidative stability of the olive oil was analysed throughout ripening during three successive seasons. RESULTS The weight and moisture in the fruit, as well as the fatty acids and polyphenol content in the olive oil, were mainly affected by crop year. In contrast, the stability was strongly influenced by the harvest date. Both factors had an influence on the fruit''s oil content. The clone was not a substantial component in terms of variability, although the interaction with crop year was notable for some of the characteristics. The oil content increased significantly along with the harvest date and reached maximum values in the last period (44.9%). Conversely, stability and polyphenols decreased significantly (depending on the year, by 30-70%) from October to December, reaching the highest mean values between 1 October and 10 November (15.5 h; 500 mg caffeic acid kg(-1)). Oleic acid and monounsaturated/polyunsaturated fatty acids (MUFA/PUFA) did not show significant differences depending on the harvest date, but between years, with 2018 having the highest percentage of oleic acid (72.72%) and MUFA/PUFA (8.38). CONCLUSION Early harvesting of Empeltre olives would provide considerably more stable olive oils, regardless of the clone selected, with higher phenolic content. It would not affect the MUFA/PUFA ratio, mainly influenced by the crop year. (c) 2022 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry

Análisis de fondos de inversión y planes de pensiones

En el presente trabajo se analiza la relación de los flujos monetarios sobre la rentabilidad de un tipo de fondo de inversión (FIAMM). Primero se analiza cómo influye la rentabilidad pasada en los flujos monetarios posteriores, obteniendo resultados favorables. Segundo se analiza si los inversores de FIAMM poseen habilidades de selección (capacidad ex-ante para predecir la rentabilidad de un fondo) con un resultado no favorable. Se ha obtenido que los inversores no poseen dicha capacidad y por lo tanto en las conclusiones se intenta explicar algunas de las causas de porqué se han obtenido estos resultadosGraduado o Graduada en Economía por la Universidad Pública de NavarraEkonomian Graduatua Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa

La Celiaquía en España: una responsabilidad social

Objetivos. Comparar los sentimientos previos, inmediatos y posteriores al diagnóstico, describir cómo influye el ambiente en las personas con celiaquía, e identificar cómo mejorar sus calidades de vida a partir de sus propuestas. Método. Estudio cualitativo fenomenológico, centrado en la teoría bioecológica y el modelo biopsicosocial: se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas elegidas por conveniencia a una persona celíaca recién diagnosticada, un chico con familiares celíacos y una chica con alta predisposición genética con un familiar celíaco. Previamente, se diseñó un cuestionario online a modo de pilotaje, difundido a través de redes sociales, determinando un tamaño final muestral de 704 personas. Resultados. Se destaca incertidumbre y preocupación por los síntomas de la enfermedad en los momentos anteriores al diagnóstico; el desconocimiento en el momento del diagnóstico; y el alivio, mejora sintomática, inseguridad y aislamiento en los momentos posteriores condicionados por el entorno (falta de formación e información hostelera y sanitaria, altos precios, subestimación de la enfermedad?). Se identifica tranquilidad a la hora de comer en entorno cercano e inseguridad a la hora de salir de él. Las propuestas de mejora en las dos recogidas de datos muestran querer producir un cambio social: concienciación -como elemento fundamental-, bajada de precios o ayudas económicas, una vacuna, e información y formación tanto a hosteleros como a profesionales de la salud. Conclusiones. Los celíacos y sus familias consideran conocer la enfermedad y las destrezas necesarias para evitar la contaminación cruzada. Para favorecer sus calidades de vida, resulta necesaria la concienciación por parte de la sociedad, promoviendo el concepto de Celiaquía como responsabilidad social de la que todos somos partícipes

La construcción de la arquitectura del vino en la comarca Utiel-Requena. El caso de Caudete de las Fuentes

Wine's world has been studied from different angles through history, but the most domestic architecture, related to its manufacture, has always been pushed into the background. In some parts of Spain, the research on this type of architecture has a longer history, perhaps driven by business opportunities that other de- nominations of origin bring. Till rather recently, in the denomination of origin Utiel-Requena, asso- ciated to the county with the same name, no interest was shown for this type of contributions for various reasons. This thesis aims at contributing into the research of this speci c geo- graphical area, starting at one of the townships of the county, Caude- te de las Fuentes, setting the basis to develop an inventory of popular architecture related to wine in the rest of townships that con gure the county. This can serve to initiate a protocol used by owners, private or not, to improve maintenance or valorization activities. This way, the heritage that we get from our ancestors is protected, im- portant for future generations, something that otherwise would get inevitably lost.El mundo del vino se ha estudiado desde diversas perspectivas a lo largo de la historia, pero la arquitectura ma's dome'stica, vinculada a su elabo- racio'n, siempre se ha dejado en un segundo plano. En algunas partes de Espan¿a los estudios sobre este tipo de arquitectura han ido desarrolla'ndose con anterioridad, quiza's por la perspectiva de negocio que llevaban consigo otras denominaciones de origen. Hasta hace poco en la denominacio'n de origen Utiel-Requena, que esta' vinculada a la comarca con el mismo nombre, no se demostraba intere's por este tipo de aportaciones por diversas razones. Esta tesis doctoral quiere aportar su granito de arena a la investigacio'n de esta zona concreta, empezando por uno de los municipios que forma parte de la comarca, Caudete de las Fuentes, sentando las bases para desarrollar un censo de arquitectura popular vinculada al vino en cada uno de los restantes municipios que componen la comarca. Esto puede servir para iniciar un protocolo en el que puedan basarse los propietarios, privados o no, para su mantenimiento o puesta en valor. De esta manera se protege un patrimonio que heredamos de nuestros antepasados con un gran valor para las generaciones futuras que, de otra manera se perderi'a irremediablemente.El mo'n del vi s'ha estudiat des de diverses perspectives al llarg de la his- to¿ria, pero¿ l'arquitectura me's dome¿stica, vinculada a la seua elaboracio', sempre s'ha deixat en un segon pla. En algunes parts d' Espanya els estudis sobre aquest tipus d'arquitectura han anat desenvolupant-se amb anterioritat, potser per la perspectiva de negoci que portaven amb si altres denominacions d'origen. Fins fa poc en la denominacio' d'origen Utiel-Requena, que esta¿ vincula- da a la comarca amb el mateix nom, no es demostrava intere's per aquest tipus d'aportacions per diverses raons. Aquesta tesi doctoral vol aportar el seu granit d'arena a la recerca d'aquesta zona concreta, comenc¿ant per un dels municipis que forma part de la comarca, Caudete de las Fuentes, assentant les bases per a desenvolupar un cens d'arquitectura popular vinculada al vi en cadascun dels restants municipis que componen la comarca. Ac¿o¿ pot servir per a iniciar un protocol en el qual puguen basar-se els propietaris, privats o no, per al seu manteniment o posada en valor. D' aquesta manera es protegeix un patrimoni que heretem dels nostres avantpassats amb un gran valor per a les generacions futures, que d'una altra manera es perdria irremeiablement.Giménez Ibáñez, R. (2017). La construcción de la arquitectura del vino en la comarca Utiel-Requena. El caso de Caudete de las Fuentes [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/86130TESI

El sector WASH en la acción humanitaria. Entrevista a Andreas Schiffer

El sector WASH en la acción humanitaria. Entrevista a Andreas Schiffer

Cements based on kaolinite waste

The cement industry involves high-energy consumption that generates high CO2 emissions into the atmosphere. Environmental concerns can be addressed by replacing parts of Portland cement clinkers with pozzolanic materials in mortars and concrete. Slag, fly ash and silica fume are materials considered for the planned replacement. Research studies on clay minerals, such as kaolinite, are being followed with special attention by the scientific community and the cement industry. It is well known that these minerals require an activation process to transform kaolinite (K) into metakaolinite (MK). MK is an amorphous material from the transformation of K with high pozzolanic activity, which is its capacity to react with the portlandite released during the hydration of Portland cement, generating compounds such as C–S–H gels and some aluminum-phase hydrates. One of the MK production methods is heat treatment controlled by kaolinite at temperatures in the range of 600–900°C. Different residues have been used (coal mining, paper sludge and waste from a drinking water treatment plant) activated at 600°C for 2h to elaborate blended cements. Due to their good behaviour as future eco-efficient additions, this research is a study by x-ray fluorescence (XRF), x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of their influence on the performances of blended cement mixtures (binary and ternary one), with substitutions of pozzolan ratio at 28 days of hydration. The porosity of pozzolanic cements decreases because of the formation of hydrated phases during pozzolanic reaction.the Spanish Ministry of the Economy and Competitiveness under coordinated projects BIA2015-65558C3-1-2-3R (MINECO/FEDER

Dinuclear pincer-palladium(II) complexes and their use as homogeneous or heterogeneous catalyst for the aldol reaction of methyl isocyanoacetate

Abstract Two new bimetallic Pd complexes have been synthesized and characterized and their catalytic activity checked for the aldol reaction of aldehydes with methyl isocyanoacetate. Each palladium atom is coordinated to an SCS-type ligand and the two pincer units are linked by a chiral spacer. The catalytic aldol reaction of methyl isocyanoacetate with aldehydes proceeds quickly but no significant diastereoselectivity and enantioselectivity is found. The comparison with a homologous mononuclear Pd complex shows no differences with the bimetallic compounds, concluding that there is no cooperativity between the metal centers. Two silica-supported catalysts prepared with a bimetallic compound show catalytic activity with very minor enantioselectivity