1,597 research outputs found
Un travail d’enquête à l’épreuve du terrain ou « l’expérience de terrain » comme relation en tension
En quoi y a-t-il « terrain » dans le travail de recherche, et de quoi s’agit-il ? A partir d’où, de quel lieu, de quel moment considère-t-on qu’il y a « un terrain de recherche », que le chercheur a son terrain ? Telles sont les questions premières qui fondent cet article qui entend également montrer qu’au-delà d’appréhender le rapport chercheur/ terrain comme processus de construction et processus d’appropriation, c’est aussi en termes de « relation en tension » qu’il convient de le considérer lorsque le chercheur fait l’expérience du terrain. Ce faisant, sont proposées quelques réflexions sur l’enquête de terrain. L’article, qui prend particulièrement appui sur un travail de recherche ayant impliqué une investigation de terrain assez conséquente, explique comment le chercheur, dans sa pratique, se livre à un « travail de communication » et comment il peut être lui-même un acteur social en prise avec le terrain.‪In what sense is there a field in research? If there is one, what is it? Starting from where, what place, and what moment can we consider that there is a research field and that all researchers have their field? These are the primary questions that form the basis of this article. However, the paper also shows that beyond apprehending the researcher-field relationship as a process of construction and appropriation, it must be considered in terms of relations under tension when the researcher undergoes the experience of fieldwork. The paper thus proposes a number of reflections on fieldwork. This paper, which is based in particular on a sizable field investigation, explains how the practical experience of research constitutes communication work and how the researcher can be a social actor closely involved in the field.
Introduction
Le dossier de ce numéro d’Études de communication se veut contribuer à approfondir la problématique du développement des territoires telle qu’on peut aujourd’hui l’approcher, en privilégiant une approche centrée sur des questions de communication et de médiation. En d’autres termes, il s’agit principalement de développer la réflexion sur les discours, les dynamiques et les enjeux des politiques et des pratiques de communication qui encadrent et accompagnent le développement des territoires. À..
Un espace public local au miroir d’un journal de quartier
Dans la perspective d’une recherche en cours portant sur des mĂ©dias associatifs de quartier, l’article Ă©tudie l’évolution du rapport d’un journal de quartier Ă l’espace public local. Sur la base d’une analyse diachronique du texte de ce journal, il montre comment se repère, sous l’enseigne de la participation, une approche de plus en plus Ă©vĂ©nementielle et fragmentĂ©e de cet espace public et, par lĂ , le dĂ©litement d’une mĂ©diation critique.With the prospect of a current research work on local community press, this article depicts a neighbourhood newspaper and the evolution of the relation it bears to the local public space. A diachronic analysis of the newspaper’s corpus shows that in the name of involvement, an increasingly factual and fragmented approach is applied to such a public space which by the same token makes any critical mediation fall apart.Dentro de la perspectiva de una investigaciĂłn en camino sobre los massmedia asociativos, el artĂculo estudia la evoluciĂłn de la relaciĂłn que entretiene un diario de barrio con el espacio pĂşblico local. Sobre la base de un análisis diacrĂłnico del texto de este periĂłdico, se trata, bajo el rĂłtulo de la participaciĂłn, de una aproximaciĂłn cada vez más evenemencial y fragmentada de este espacio pĂşblico, y tras esto de una desagregaciĂłn de una mediaciĂłn crĂtica
Concertation et « figures de l’habitant » dans le discours des projets de renouvellement urbain
En explorant le discours institutionnel relatif à la concertation dans les projets de renouvellement urbain, les auteurs s’intéressent d’une part à la manière dont est mise en scène et en sens ladite concertation et s’attachent, d’autre part, à discerner les différentes figures de l’habitant portées de façon plus ou moins explicite par ce discours. Ils en viennent à montrer comment les démarches de concertation, telles qu’elles apparaissent, dans ce discours, intriquées dans des pratiques de communication, peuvent être entendues non comme moment communicationnel de production d’un neuf, pourtant ambition affichée par l’ANRU (Agence nationale de la rénovation urbaine), mais comme procédures de « mise en acceptation » d’un projet longuement élaboré en amont. L’article montre également comment l’habitant, « figuré » et « projeté » sous des statuts multiples, se voit attribué une identité pré-définie et envisagé dans un rôle circonscrit par le cadre institutionnel.‪In examining the institutional discourse of dialogue about urban renewal projects in France, the authors are interested in how that dialogue is signified and presented. They distinguish several representations of residents carried by this discourse, whether explicitly or not. They show how the moves in these dialogue steps as they appear in this discourse as blending with communication practices, must be understood as acceptance setting for a project built a long time ago rather than as a communication act during which new proposals are made (even though this is a stated aim of the National Agency for Urban Renewal). The paper also explains how the resident is projected as having a multiple status and identified in a restricted number of roles and functions by this institutional framing.
Introduction
Comment l’information – entendue à partir de la variété de ses supports et de ses formats médiatiques – participe de la construction territoriale, envisagée comme opération symbolique, comme structuration identitaire, comme élaboration collective ? Telle est la question à l’origine du dossier de ce numéro d’Études de Communication. Dans le contexte du déploiement de stratégies de reconfiguration territoriale, d’évolution des formes de l’engagement public et des pratiques culturelles/médiatiqu..
Estudio de la tecnologĂa CUDA en la implementaciĂłn de algoritmos basados en redes neuronales y modelos estadĂsticos.
International audienc
Hubble Asteroid Hunter: II. Identifying strong gravitational lenses in HST images with crowdsourcing
The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) archives constitute a rich dataset of high
resolution images to mine for strong gravitational lenses. While many HST
programs specifically target strong lenses, they can also be present by
coincidence in other HST observations. We aim to identify non-targeted strong
gravitational lenses in almost two decades of images from the ESA it Hubble
Space Telescope archive (eHST), without any prior selection on the lens
properties. We used crowdsourcing on the Hubble Asteroid Hunter (HAH) citizen
science project to identify strong lenses, alongside asteroid trails, in
publicly available large field-of-view HST images. We visually inspected 2354
objects tagged by citizen scientists as strong lenses to clean the sample and
identify the genuine lenses. We report the detection of 252 strong
gravitational lens candidates, which were not the primary targets of the HST
observations. 198 of them are new, not previously reported by other studies,
consisting of 45 A grades, 74 B grades and 79 C grades. The majority are
galaxy-galaxy configurations. The newly detected lenses are, on average, 1.3
magnitudes fainter than previous HST searches. This sample of strong lenses
with high resolution HST imaging is ideal to follow-up with spectroscopy, for
lens modelling and scientific analyses. This paper presents an unbiased search
of lenses, which enabled us to find a high variety of lens configurations,
including exotic lenses. We demonstrate the power of crowdsourcing in visually
identifying strong lenses and the benefits of exploring large archival
datasets. This study shows the potential of using crowdsourcing in combination
with artificial intelligence for the detection and validation of strong lenses
in future large-scale surveys such as ESA's future mission Euclid or in JWST
archival images.Comment: 24 page, 14 figures, 5 tables, accepted for publication in A&A June
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Evaluation of the Effect of Chemical or Enzymatic Synthesis Methods on Biodegradability of Polyesters
International audienceThis work compares the biodegradability of polyesters produced by an esterification reaction between glycerol and oleic di-acid (D 18:1) issued from green chemical pathways, via either classical thermo-chemical methods, or an enzymatic method using the immobilized lipase of Candida antartica B (Novozym 435). An elastomeric polymer synthesized by enzymatic catalysis is more biodegradable than an elastomeric thermo-chemical polyester synthesized by a standard chemical procedure. This difference lies in percentage of the dendritic motifs, in values of the degree of substitution, and certainly in cross-links inducing an hyper-branched structure less accessible to the lipolytic enzymes in a waste treatment plant. However, when the elastomeric polymer synthesized by enzymatic catalysis is processed at high temperature as required for certain industrial applications, it presents an identical rate of biodegradation than the chemical polyester. The advantages of the thermo-chemical methods are greater speed and lower cost. Enzymatic synthesis appears be suited to producing polyesters, devoid of metallic catalysts, which must be used without processing at high temperature to keep a high biodegradability
Successful Treatment of a Granulocytic Sarcoma of the Uterine Cervix in Complete Remission at Six-Year Follow-Up
Background. Localized granulocytic sarcoma of the uterine cervix in the absence of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) at presentation is very rare, its diagnosis is often delayed, and its prognosis almost always ominous evolving into refractory AML. Case. We present the case of a 30-year-old woman with vaginal bleeding and a large cervical mass. Further evaluation confirmed the presence of a granulocytic sarcoma but failed to reveal systemic involvement. Results. AML type chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy of the uterus led to a durable complete remission. She remains in complete remission six years after diagnosis. Conclusion. Granulocytic sarcoma of the cervix is a rare entity for which early intensive AML type therapy is effective
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