35 research outputs found
An inner warp in the DoAr 44 T Tauri transition disk
Optical/IR images of transition disks (TDs) have revealed deep intensity
decrements in the rings of HAeBes HD142527 and HD100453, that can be
interpreted as shadowing from sharply tilted inner disks, such that the outer
disks are directly exposed to stellar light. Here we report similar dips in
SPHERE+IRDIS differential polarized imaging (DPI) of TTauri DoAr44. With a
fairly axially symmetric ring in the submm radio continuum, DoAr44 is likely
also a warped system. We constrain the warp geometry by comparing radiative
transfer predictions with the DPI data in H band (Q_\phi(H)) and with a
re-processing of archival 336GHz ALMA observations. The observed DPI shadows
have coincident radio counterparts, but the intensity drops are much deeper in
Q_\phi(H) (~88%), compared to the shallow drops at 336GHz (~24%). Radiative
transfer predictions with an inner disk tilt of ~30+-5deg approximately account
for the observations. ALMA long-baseline observations should allow the
observation of the warped gas kinematics inside the cavity of DoAr44.Comment: 11 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in MNRA
Association of Gender with Clinical Expression, Quality of Life, Disability, and Depression and Anxiety in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis
OBJECTIVES: To assess the association of gender with clinical expression, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), disability, and self-reported symptoms of depression and anxiety in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). METHODS: SSc patients fulfilling the American College of Rheumatology and/or the Leroy and Medsger criteria were assessed for clinical symptoms, disability, HRQoL, self-reported symptoms of depression and anxiety by specific measurement scales. RESULTS: Overall, 381 SSc patients (62 males) were included. Mean age and disease duration at the time of evaluation were 55.9 (13.3) and 9.5 (7.8) years, respectively. One-hundred-and-forty-nine (40.4%) patients had diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc). On bivariate analysis, differences were observed between males and females for clinical symptoms and self-reported symptoms of depression and anxiety, however without reaching statistical significance. Indeed, a trend was found for higher body mass index (BMI) (25.0 [4.1] vs 23.0 [4.5], pâ=â0.013), more frequent dcSSc, echocardiography systolic pulmonary artery pressure >35 mmHg and interstitial lung disease in males than females (54.8% vs 37.2%, pâ=â0.010; 24.2% vs 10.5%, pâ=â0.003; and 54.8% vs 41.2%, pâ=â0.048, respectively), whereas calcinosis and self-reported anxiety symptoms tended to be more frequent in females than males (36.0% vs 21.4%, pâ=â0.036, and 62.3% vs 43.5%, pâ=â0.006, respectively). On multivariate analysis, BMI, echocardiography PAP>35 mmHg, and anxiety were the variables most closely associated with gender. CONCLUSIONS: In SSc patients, male gender tends to be associated with diffuse disease and female gender with calcinosis and self-reported symptoms of anxiety. Disease-associated disability and HRQoL were similar in both groups
Isolation and Characterisation of MuStem cell-derived extracellular vesicles: potential roles in regenerative medicine?
Isolation and Characterisation of MuStem cell-derived extracellular vesicles: potential roles in regenerative medicine?. journées scientifiques de l'université de Nante
Human adult muscle-derived stem cells, hMuStem cells : study of their therapeutic potential in the context of myocardial infarction and characterization of their extracellular vesicles
L'insuffisance cardiaque est un problĂšme majeur de santĂ© publique dans les pays industrialisĂ©s. Sur un plan mĂ©dical, sa prise en charge reste imparfaite et ne permet quâun ralentissement de l'Ă©volution de la maladie. Sur la base des rĂ©sultats prĂ©cliniques et des enseignements tirĂ©s des premiers essais cliniques chez lâHomme, lâapproche de thĂ©rapie cellulaire reprĂ©sente une proposition thĂ©rapeutique prometteuse. Cependant une faible viabilitĂ© et une absence de prise de greffe Ă moyen-long terme des diffĂ©rents candidats cellulaires ont Ă©tĂ© observĂ©es, limitant fortement les bĂ©nĂ©fices structurels et fonctionnels sur le coeur infarci. Nous avons successivement dĂ©crit chez le Chien puis chez l'Homme une population de cellules souches dĂ©rivĂ©es du muscle squelettique - nommĂ©es MuStem - qui prĂ©sente une capacitĂ© Ă promouvoir la rĂ©paration des muscles squelettiques aprĂšs leur administration en contexte lĂ©sionnel. Une amĂ©lioration du taux de survie, de la greffe Ă long terme et de la participation Ă la formation de fibres musculaires ont Ă©tĂ© mis en Ă©vidence comparativement aux myoblastes, premiers candidats testĂ©s en mĂ©decine rĂ©paratrice. Un remodelage tissulaire important et persistant ainsi que des bĂ©nĂ©fices cliniques ont Ă©tĂ© dĂ©crits chez le chien dystrophique positionnant la population MuStem comme candidat thĂ©rapeutique prometteur pour les troubles musculo-squelettiques. Cependant, son potentiel thĂ©rapeutique pour les pathologies cardiaques reste inconnu, limitant la dĂ©finition de son champ d'application. L'objectif gĂ©nĂ©ral de mon projet a Ă©tĂ© de dĂ©finir si les cellules souches hMuStem peuvent sâimplanter dans le tissu cardiaque en contexte pathologique, interagir avec les cellules du tissu cardiaque et impacter positivement sur la fonction. Pour cela, un protocole dâinduction dâinfarctus a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ© sur un modĂšle de rat immunodĂ©ficient suivi dâun protocole de xĂ©notransplantation une semaine aprĂšs. Une exploration fonctionnelle (ECG /Ă©chocardiographique), molĂ©culaire et histologique a Ă©tĂ© mise en place. Histologiquement, une rĂ©duction de la fibrose myocardique et une augmentation de l'angiogenĂšse ont Ă©tĂ© observĂ©es troissemaines aprĂšs la transplantation. Elle est associĂ©e Ă la formation de fibres musculaires squelettiques et cardiaques au niveau du tissu infarci. Une grande proportion des cellules greffĂ©es a adoptĂ© une position de cellule de rĂ©serve dans la matrice conjonctive. Sur un plan fonctionnel, une attĂ©nuation de la dilatation ventriculaire gauche et une prĂ©servation considĂ©rable de la fonction contractile ont Ă©tĂ© mises en Ă©vidence. Collectivement, les rĂ©sultats suggĂšrent que latransplantation intramyocardique de cellules hMuStem pourrait reprĂ©senter une stratĂ©gie appropriĂ©e pour le traitement de l'infarctus du myocarde.Myocardial infarction represents one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. From a medical point of view, its management remains imperfect and only allows a slowing down of the disease's course. Based on preclinical results and lessons learned from the first human clinical trials, the cell therapy approach represents a promising therapeutic proposal. However, weak viability and short-term engraftment were recorded when corresponding human cells were evaluated in clinical trials, highly limiting the structural and functional benefits of their administration in infarcted heart.We have successively described in the Dog then in the Man a type of skeletal muscle-derived stem cells â we named themMuStem cells â which exhibited an interesting ability to promote repair of muscle fibers following delivery into injured context. Enhanced survival rate, long-term engraftment and participation in muscle fiber formation were reported compared to myoblasts, the first candidates tested in regenerative medicine. This led to striking and persistent tissue remodeling as well as clinical benefits, positioning them as promising therapeutic candidate for skeletal muscle disorders. However, their ability to repair infarcted heart remained unknown, restricting their scope of application The general objective of my project was to define if hMuStem cells can be implanted in cardiac tissue in a pathological context, interact with cardiac tissue cells and positively impact on function. To do this, an infarction induction protocol was performed on an immunodeficient rat model followed by a xenotransplantation protocol one week later. A functional (electrocardiographic/echocardiographic), molecular and histological exploration was carried out. Histologically, a reduced myocardial fibrosis and an increased angiogenesis were observed three weeks post-transplantation. It was associated with skeletal and cardiac muscle fiberformation in the infarct site. A large proportion of engrafted cells adopted a reserve cell position in the conjunctive matrix.On a functional level, an attenuation of the left ventricle dilatation and a significant preservation of the contractile function have been highlighted. Overall, our results suggest that intramyocardial transplantation of hMuStem cells could represent a suitable strategy for the treatment of myocardial infarction
Isolement et caractérisation des vésicules extracellulaires sécrétées par les cellules souches humaines MuStem : rÎle potentiel en médecine régénératrice ?
Isolement et caractérisation des vésicules extracellulaires sécrétées par les cellules souches humaines MuStem : rÎle potentiel en médecine régénératrice ?. XXXÚme congrÚs de l'AFH: les nouveaux mondes de l'histologi
Isolation and Characterization of MuStem cell-derived extracellular vesicles: potential roles in regenerative medicine?
International audienc
Isolement et caractérisation des vésicules extracellulaires sécrétées par les cellules souches humaines MuStem : rÎle potentiel en médecine régénératrice ?
Isolement et caractérisation des vésicules extracellulaires sécrétées par les cellules souches humaines MuStem : rÎle potentiel en médecine régénératrice ?. XXXÚme congrÚs de l'AFH: les nouveaux mondes de l'histologi
Variability of factors associated with grip strength in hand osteoarthritis according to sex: results from the DIGICOD cohort
International audienceNo abstract availabl
Distribution and intensity of water ice signature in South Xanadu and Tui Regio
International audienceTitan's surface was revealed by Cassini's instruments, showing the presence of liquid hydrocarbons in lakes, and features like dry riverbed. In order to study the sediment transport in Titan's channels and to map distribution of the water-ice signature in these terrains, we use a radiative transfer model to retrieve the surface albedo, after we estimated VIMS error with an original method. We also establish a criteria related to the intensity of the water ice signature. The tuning of the radiative transfer model shows that the fractal dimension of Titan's aerosols is higher than previously thought, around 2.3â2.4. We find spots of high signal of water ice downstream, at the margins of Tui Regio, that could correspond to alluvial fans, deltas or crater rims. We also observe a very low water ice signal on Tui Regio, with a positive gradient between the central region and the boundary of the area, possibly due to the thickness variation of an evaporitic layer. The riverbeds show within the error bars a decreasing grain size from the top to the bottom of the channels. This reinforces the hypothesis of sediment transport via these river channels