Pemuliharaan hutan dalam kalangan masyarakat Semaq Beri di Negeri Terengganu, Malaysia

Suku kaum Semaq Beri di negeri Terengganu adalah antara komuniti Orang Asli di Semenanjung Malaysia yang banyak bergantung kepada hutan untuk memenuhi keperluan makanan dan pendapatan. Kajian ini dilakukan untuk menyelami pemikiran suku kaum Semaq Beri tentang hutan berasaskan persoalan berikut: (i) Apakah konsep hutan dari perspektif mereka? (ii) Bagaimanakah sikap mereka untuk memastikan kelestarian hutan? Data kajian dikumpul menggunakan kaedah pemerhatian, pemerhatian ikut serta dan temu bual mendalam dengan 20 responden utama yang mewakili suku Semaq Beri di Kg. Sg. Pergam, Kemaman and Kg. Sg. Berua, Hulu Terengganu. Hasil kajian menunjukkan suku kaum Semaq Beri mempunyai pemikiran yang tersendiri berkenaan persekitaran hutan dalam kehidupan mereka. Antara lain, kepelbagaian biologi hutan dipercayai anugerah kuasa ghaib untuk kesenangan dan keharmonian hidup manusia, iaitu membekalkan keperluan seperti makanan, pendapatan, ubat-ubatan dan sumber lain. Justeru itu hutan rimba sering diibaratkan sebagai ‘bank’, iaitu sebagai institusi tempat individu menyimpan sumber kekayaan yang boleh dikeluarkan apabila perlu. Berasaskan persepsi sedemikian juga pendekatan suku kaum Semaq Beri dalam meneroka, memelihara dan menjaga kelestarian hutan terbentuk supaya manfaatnya dapat dinikmati oleh generasi masa kini dan akan datang

THE LOCAL LEADERS STRATEGY TO EMPOWERING RURAL YOUTH IN MALAYSIA: A QUALITATIVE STUDY

Abstract. Future success and excellence depend on the ability of today’s youth in building their personality, nowledge acquisition, skill building and excellent leadership. The government’s effort to empower the youths require commitment and support from the local authorities to ensure that they can contribute to the society. This research was local conducted in 4 rural communities in Terengganu to examine the extents of the authorities’ direct and indirect support to the youths. The study has adopted qualitative observation with the phenomenology approach which is deemed suitable to the issue under study. Interviews, observation and document analysis were conducted to obtain the relevant information. 60 respondents were directly involved in this research, they are the chairperson for the Village Development and Safety Committee (MPKK), MPKK committee members, chairperson of the local youth association,local youth, officers from government agencies and local residents. The data for research were analysed using the ATLAS.ti software. The study findings show that strong community leadership can provide support in every angle to ensure the success of the local youths. Furthermore, they are able to help the youth face challenges and focus on achieving success.Key words: qualitative study, rural community, leadership, empowering youth

Pressures on manufacturing industry to practice green supply chain management in Malaysia

Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) has received increasing attention, at least in recent decades. During this time, it has become apparent that are significant complexities in its management. From both a practical and research perspective, there is a need to simplify and understand this complexity. To further deepen the understanding of the problem, institutional theory, which consists of three institutional pressures, namely government pressure (coercive pressure), market pressure (normative pressure) and competitive pressure (mimetic pressure), was used to investigate the relationship between institutional pressure and GSCM practices in the manufacturing industry in Malaysia. Data were collected using questionnaires in different Malaysian manufacturing companies. The hypotheses were tested using SmartPLS 3. The results from the 118 respondents showed that the command and control instrument and competitive pressure supported the hypothesis, while the economic incentives instrument and market pressure did not support the hypothesis. Finally, the enactment of stringent environmental regulations by the government was found to be most effective in promoting the adoption of GSCM practices

DEVELOPMENT PARTICIPATION AMONG ORANG ASLI IN SUNGAI BERUA VILLAGE, MALAYSIA

The Orang Asli is one of the natives in Peninsular Malaysia lagging behind in rapid development, and has a high poverty rate. Although since the independence, Malaysian government has been implementing various development programs to solve the poverty problem, but the effect is not comprehensive. There are still tribes of Orang Asli less to participate in implementation of development programs. Instead, they are more focused on performing traditional economic activities especially hunting and gathering activities. Orang Asli from Semaq Beri tribes in the state ofTerengganu are among the communities that are in the situation. Based on this problem a study was made with the objective; (i) evaluate the implementation of development programs such as agriculture and fisheries projects that have been implemented for the locals, (ii) understand the problems faced by residents in their programs. To meet this objective, data were collected through observation techniques and interview process. Observation technique used to find out people's reactions to the implementation of development programs, and interview techniques used to obtain information in the form of views and comments on the residents of the development. Studies of the documents were also made to get a clearer picture of the problem. The results showed that the implementation of development programs such as palm oil and fish farming cages less involving locals since the beginning of its implementation. Residents do not have sufficient information and skills to participate in this project. In addition, people also have trouble participating in the project on a number of factors such as lack of exposure, skills training, lack of guidance, leadership problems, culture and current financial problem

INFLUENCE OF LEADERSHIP IN RURAL COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT IN THE STATE OF TERENGGANU, MALAYSIA

Challenges in rural communities call for awareness of community leaders in overcoming these challenges. One of these challenges is the government’s endeavour to ensure that the rural community development is parallel to the country’s development; hence, a credible, effective community leader is needed to achieve the country’s development aspiration. This study was conducted in four rural communitiesin the state of Terengganu, Malaysia to identify the role played by local community leaders. These communities were selected based on their excellent achievement in community development programmes and contests. The objectives of this research are, (1) identifying the role of leaders in bringing success for every development programme and (2) ascertaining the leadership style that can bring positively impact a community. The data for this study were obtained from observations and interviews with 40 respondents who comprised of chairpersons and members of the Villages Development and Safety Committee (J3K), as well as local residents. The findings showed that effective community leadership plays a significant role as an agent of change and has the ability to positively impact the development of rural community. Besides that, community leaders’ practise of effective leadership style is perceived to bring changes among the community in the social, economic and cultural aspects, as well as changes in the way of thinking among rural communities. In this regard, leadership in these four communities is viewed to manifests the change into better leadership that can inspire other community leaders

Respiratory carriage of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae by indigenous populations of Malaysia

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae that is classified by the World Health Organisation (WHO) as a Priority One ESKAPE pathogen. South and Southeast Asian countries are regions where both healthcare associated infections (HAI) and community acquired infections (CAI) due to extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing and carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (CRKp) are of concern. As K. pneumoniae can also exist as a harmless commensal, the spread of resistance genotypes requires epidemiological vigilance. However there has been no significant study of carriage isolates from healthy individuals, particularly in Southeast Asia, and specially Malaysia. Here we describe the genomic analysis of respiratory isolates of K. pneumoniae obtained from Orang Ulu and Orang Asli communities in Malaysian Borneo and Peninsular Malaysia respectively. The majority of isolates were K. pneumoniae species complex (KpSC) 1 K. pneumoniae (n = 53, 89.8%). Four Klebsiella variicola subsp. variicola (KpSC3) and two Klebsiella quasipneumoniae subsp. similipneumoniae (KpSC4) were also found. It was discovered that 30.2% (n = 16) of the KpSC1 isolates were ST23, 11.3% (n = 6) were of ST65, 7.5% (n = 4) were ST13, and 13.2% (n = 7) were ST86. Only eight of the KpSC1 isolates encoded ESBL, but importantly not carbapenemase. Thirteen of the KpSC1 isolates carried yersiniabactin, colibactin and aerobactin, all of which harboured the rmpADC locus and are therefore characterised as hypervirulent. Co-carriage of multiple strains was minimal. In conclusion, most isolates were KpSC1, ST23, one of the most common sequence types and previously found in cases of K. pneumoniae infection. A proportion were hypervirulent (hvKp) however antibiotic resistance was low

Induction, multiplication, and evaluation of antioxidant activity of Polyalthia bullata callus, a woody medicinal plant

Polyalthia bullata is an endangered medicinal plant species. Hence, establishment of P. bullata callus culture is hoped to assist in mass production of secondary metabolites. Leaf and midrib were explants for callus induction. Both of them were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) and Woody Plant Medium (WPM) containing different types and concentrations of auxins (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), picloram, and dicamba). The callus produced was further multiplied on MS and WPM supplemented with different concentrations of 2,4-D, NAA, picloram, dicamba, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) media. The quantification of total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and antioxidant capacity was further carried out on P. bullata callus, and the results were subjected to correlation analysis. Among the media, the WPM + 16.56 µM picloram (53.33 ± 22.06%) was the best for callus induction while MS + 30 µM dicamba was the best for callus multiplication. The TPC, TFC, and EC50 of DPPH scavenging activity were determined at 0.657 ± 0.07 mg GAE/g FW, 0.491 ± 0.03 mg QE/g, and 85.59 ± 6.09 µg/mL in P. bullata callus, respectively. The positive correlation between DPPH scavenging activity with TPC was determined at r = 0.869, and that of TFC was at r = 0.904. Hence, the P. bullata callus has an ability to accumulate antioxidants. It therefore can be a medium for secondary metabolites production

ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT FOR HUNTING AND GATHERING COMMUNITY IN MALAYSIA THROUGH ECOTOURISM ACTIVITIES IN THE NATIONAL PARK

Kuala Koh National Park located in Kelantan is one of ecotourism destination is really beautiful with flora and fauna. This National Park is open to public since 1995. Ecotourism is a source to maintain the habitant and all live species directly including to maintain the culture of the aborigine as to increase their socioeconomic. This sector really has a good potential to develop an income for Batek Tribe which just hunting and gathering for their living. Some of Batek Tribe which live nearby Kuala Koh National Park actively participate in some area of ecotourism directly. Therefore this paper will discuss about this three objectives: (i) to explain the economic activities among Batek Tribe at Kuala Koh National Park. (ii) To determine the strength of Batek Tribe in increasing their socioeconomic through ecotourism. (iii) To explain the aspiration of Batek Tribe towards ecotourism activity. This research is conducted via qualitative method. Data is gathered by participation observation, interview and document analysis. The data is coordinated and analyze using QSR Nvivo application. Finding shows that Batek Tribe in Kuala Koh still hunting and gathering as their main economic source. Many strength and skill have been recognized on Batek Tribe to increase their economy through their involvement in ecotourism in their area. Moreover, Batek Tribe have high aspiration to gain more work and income in ecotourism activity in Kuala Koh National Park

Metafizik Masyarakat Ammatoa Kajang

Membahas mengenai adat istiadat masyarakat Ammatoa yang berada di Tana Toa Kajang Kabupaten Bulukumb

Testing Moderating Effects for the Causal Structure Model of Self-Action-Outcome (SAO Model)

This study focuses on developing the Self-Action-Outcome (SAO) model and testing the moderating effects based on gender and academic performance. The SAO model examined the relationship between self-esteem, job-search intensity and career decision-making self-efficacy among graduating students. The instruments used to develop this model were, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Job-Search Intensity Scale, and Career DecisionMaking Self-Efficacy Scale. Participants were recruited using a cluster sampling procedure. Data were collected using a self-reported questionnaire. Data collected from 678 graduating students were tested with confirmatory factor analysis to obtain three best-fit measurement models from the three latent variables. The results showed that the overall fit of the SAO model was adequate with CFI = .977, TLI = .971 and RMSEA = .048. The statistics indicate that the parameters were free from offending estimates, ranging from .52 to .90. The moderators‟ variables such as gender and academic performance did not moderate the hypothesized SAO model means that the hypothesized SAO model is a good model among graduating students. Implications of the findings for social work practice such as guidance counsellor, research, theory, policy and education were also discussed