Microparticle manipulation and imaging through a self-calibrated liquid crystal on silicon display

We present in this paper a revision of three different methods we conceived in the framework of liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) display optimization and application. We preliminarily demonstrate an LCoS self-calibration technique, from which we can perform a complete LCoS characterization. In particular, two important characteristics of LCoS displays are retrieved by using self-addressed digital holograms. On the one hand, we determine its phase-voltage curve by using the interference pattern generated by a digital two-sectorial split-lens configuration. On the other hand, the LCoS surface profile is also determined by using a self-addressed dynamic micro-lens array pattern. Second, the implementation of microparticle manipulation through optical traps created by an LCoS display is demonstrated. Finally, an LCoS display based inline (IL) holographic imaging system is described. By using the LCoS display to implement a double-sideband filter configuration, this inline architecture demonstrates the advantage of obtaining dynamic holographic imaging of microparticles independently of their spatial positions by avoiding the non-desired conjugate images

Valorización de Unión de Cervecerías Peruanas Backus Y Johnston S.A.A.

El presente documento se realizó para emitir una opinión de compra o venta sobre las acciones de la empresa Unión de Cervecerías Peruanas Backus & Johnston S.A.A. al cierre del año 2020; para ello, se requirió del entendimiento del negocio (historia, líneas de negocio, productos y cadena de valor en general), además de analizar a la industria, el posicionamiento competitivo de la empresa y los riesgos a los cuales se encuentra expuesta, además del análisis de la información financiera de los últimos once años (2010-2020). Esto permitió proyectar resultados y determinar el valor de la compañía y su valor patrimonial bajo el método de flujo de caja descontado, el cual cuenta con la estimación de la tasa de descuento, proyecciones de variables como ventas, costos, inversiones de capital, capital de trabajo, etc., que nacieron de un análisis FODA cruzado, en base a proyecciones demográficas y de producción nacional. Como resultado, el valor de la acción de inversión de Backus (su clase más líquida en la BVL) fue de S/26.08 y el análisis de sensibilidad arroja un valor mínimo de S/21.60; así mismo, se confirmó que la acción se encontraría subvaluada (precio de mercado S/20.15 al cierre de diciembre) utilizando metodologías alternativas como la de múltiplos, por lo que la recomendación del presente trabajo de investigación es la de comprar la acción. Finalmente, el desarrollo del análisis reveló hallazgos importantes, entre los más destacados están las características de mercado en monopolio de cervezas, su bajo ratio de apalancamiento financiero debido a que se financia con proveedores a corto plazo y sus altos indicadores de rentabilidad, liquidez y cobertura de intereses que le permiten obtener un excelente ciclo operativo

Infección oral y cervicofacial por agranulocitosis secundario debido al tratamiento con medicación antitiroidea: Reporte de Caso

Agranulocytosis refers to a low white blood cell count, specifically neutrophils, which can be caused by certain medications such as antithyroid drugs (ATD). This condition can result in oral manifestations, including diffuse gingival ulceration or necrosis. We present the case of a 26-year-old female patient with a history of hyperthyroidism who came to the emergency department of Alberto Sabogal Sologuren National Hospital with swelling on the left side of her face, accompanied by dysphagia, multiple ulcerated lesions in the oral mucosa involving bone tissue, as well as fever and general malaise. After conducting additional tests, the patient was diagnosed with oral and cervicofacial infection secondary to agranulocytosis caused by methimazole treatment. While the global literature reports cases of agranulocytosis as an adverse effect of antithyroid medication, with documented oral manifestations, only a few cases demonstrate cervical involvement. Therefore, we present this uncommon case from diagnosis to treatment.La agranulocitosis es el recuento bajo de glóbulos blancos (neutrófilos), que puede ser inducida por tratamientos con algunos medicamentos como los antitiroideos, que ocasionan manifestaciones orales como úlceras o necrosis gingival difusa. Se presenta el caso de una paciente mujer de 26 años, con antecedente de hipertiroidismo, quien acude a emergencia del Hospital Nacional Alberto Sabogal Sologuren por presentar tumefacción en la hemicara izquierda, asociada a disfagia, múltiples lesiones ulceradas en mucosa oral, con compromiso de tejido óseo, fiebre y malestar general. Luego de los exámenes auxiliares, se categoriza como una infección oral y cervicofacial por agranulocitosis debido al tratamiento con el metimazol. La literatura mundial reporta casos de agranulocitosis como efecto adverso del consumo de drogas antitiroideas, con reporte de manifestaciones orales; sin embargo, pocos casos evidencian compromiso cervical. Por lo cual se presenta este caso poco usual desde su diagnóstico hasta el tratamiento

Enfrentando los riesgos socionaturales

El objetivo del libro es comprender la magnitud de los Riesgos Socionaturales en México y Latinoamérica, para comprender el peligro que existe por algún tipo de desastre, ya sea inundaciones, sismos, remoción en masa, entre otros, además conocer qué medidas preventivas, correctivas y de contingencias existen para estar atentos ante alguna señal que la naturaleza esté enviando y así evitar alguna catástrofe. El libro se enfoca en los aspectos básicos de análisis de los peligros, escenarios de riesgo, vulnerabilidad y resiliencia, importantes para la gestión prospectiva o preventiva

Pan-Cancer Analysis of lncRNA Regulation Supports Their Targeting of Cancer Genes in Each Tumor Context

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are commonly dys-regulated in tumors, but only a handful are known toplay pathophysiological roles in cancer. We inferredlncRNAs that dysregulate cancer pathways, onco-genes, and tumor suppressors (cancer genes) bymodeling their effects on the activity of transcriptionfactors, RNA-binding proteins, and microRNAs in5,185 TCGA tumors and 1,019 ENCODE assays.Our predictions included hundreds of candidateonco- and tumor-suppressor lncRNAs (cancerlncRNAs) whose somatic alterations account for thedysregulation of dozens of cancer genes and path-ways in each of 14 tumor contexts. To demonstrateproof of concept, we showed that perturbations tar-geting OIP5-AS1 (an inferred tumor suppressor) andTUG1 and WT1-AS (inferred onco-lncRNAs) dysre-gulated cancer genes and altered proliferation ofbreast and gynecologic cancer cells. Our analysis in-dicates that, although most lncRNAs are dysregu-lated in a tumor-specific manner, some, includingOIP5-AS1, TUG1, NEAT1, MEG3, and TSIX, synergis-tically dysregulate cancer pathways in multiple tumorcontexts

Pan-cancer Alterations of the MYC Oncogene and Its Proximal Network across the Cancer Genome Atlas

Although theMYConcogene has been implicated incancer, a systematic assessment of alterations ofMYC, related transcription factors, and co-regulatoryproteins, forming the proximal MYC network (PMN),across human cancers is lacking. Using computa-tional approaches, we define genomic and proteo-mic features associated with MYC and the PMNacross the 33 cancers of The Cancer Genome Atlas.Pan-cancer, 28% of all samples had at least one ofthe MYC paralogs amplified. In contrast, the MYCantagonists MGA and MNT were the most frequentlymutated or deleted members, proposing a roleas tumor suppressors.MYCalterations were mutu-ally exclusive withPIK3CA,PTEN,APC,orBRAFalterations, suggesting that MYC is a distinct onco-genic driver. Expression analysis revealed MYC-associated pathways in tumor subtypes, such asimmune response and growth factor signaling; chro-matin, translation, and DNA replication/repair wereconserved pan-cancer. This analysis reveals insightsinto MYC biology and is a reference for biomarkersand therapeutics for cancers with alterations ofMYC or the PMN

Genomic, Pathway Network, and Immunologic Features Distinguishing Squamous Carcinomas

This integrated, multiplatform PanCancer Atlas study co-mapped and identified distinguishing molecular features of squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) from five sites associated with smokin

Spatial Organization and Molecular Correlation of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Using Deep Learning on Pathology Images

Beyond sample curation and basic pathologic characterization, the digitized H&E-stained images of TCGA samples remain underutilized. To highlight this resource, we present mappings of tumorinfiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) based on H&E images from 13 TCGA tumor types. These TIL maps are derived through computational staining using a convolutional neural network trained to classify patches of images. Affinity propagation revealed local spatial structure in TIL patterns and correlation with overall survival. TIL map structural patterns were grouped using standard histopathological parameters. These patterns are enriched in particular T cell subpopulations derived from molecular measures. TIL densities and spatial structure were differentially enriched among tumor types, immune subtypes, and tumor molecular subtypes, implying that spatial infiltrate state could reflect particular tumor cell aberration states. Obtaining spatial lymphocytic patterns linked to the rich genomic characterization of TCGA samples demonstrates one use for the TCGA image archives with insights into the tumor-immune microenvironment

Linking soil microbial community structure to potential carbon mineralization: A continental scale assessment of reduced tillage

Potential carbon mineralization (Cmin) is a commonly used indicator of soil health, with greater Cmin values interpreted as healthier soil. While Cmin values are typically greater in agricultural soils managed with minimal physical disturbance, the mechanisms driving the increases remain poorly understood. This study assessed bacterial and archaeal community structure and potential microbial drivers of Cmin in soils maintained under various degrees of physical disturbance. Potential carbon mineralization, 16S rRNA sequences, and soil characterization data were collected as part of the North American Project to Evaluate Soil Health Measurements (NAPESHM). Results showed that type of cropping system, intensity of physical disturbance, and soil pH influenced microbial sensitivity to physical disturbance. Furthermore, 28% of amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), which were important in modeling Cmin, were enriched under soils managed with minimal physical disturbance. Sequences identified as enriched under minimal disturbance and important for modeling Cmin, were linked to organisms which could produce extracellular polymeric substances and contained metabolic strategies suited for tolerating environmental stressors. Understanding how physical disturbance shapes microbial communities across climates and inherent soil properties and drives changes in Cmin provides the context necessary to evaluate management impacts on standardized measures of soil microbial activity

New insights into the genetic etiology of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias

Characterization of the genetic landscape of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ADD) provides a unique opportunity for a better understanding of the associated pathophysiological processes. We performed a two-stage genome-wide association study totaling 111,326 clinically diagnosed/'proxy' AD cases and 677,663 controls. We found 75 risk loci, of which 42 were new at the time of analysis. Pathway enrichment analyses confirmed the involvement of amyloid/tau pathways and highlighted microglia implication. Gene prioritization in the new loci identified 31 genes that were suggestive of new genetically associated processes, including the tumor necrosis factor alpha pathway through the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex. We also built a new genetic risk score associated with the risk of future AD/dementia or progression from mild cognitive impairment to AD/dementia. The improvement in prediction led to a 1.6- to 1.9-fold increase in AD risk from the lowest to the highest decile, in addition to effects of age and the APOE ε4 allele