Propuesta para la gestión ambiental del sistema de humedales del santuario de fauna y flora Otún Quimbaya

El Santuario de Fauna y Flora Otún Quimbaya (SFFOQ) se constituye como un Área Prioritaria de Conservación, dado a su ubicación en la cuenca del río Otún, y por hacer parte de un corredor biológico, que permite el flujo de especies de importancia regional y nacional (SFF Otún Quimbaya, 2017). Allí se tenían vacíos de información en cuanto a la presencia, conectividad y características ecológicas de los humedales. En articulación con el portafolio de investigaciones de Parques Nacionales Naturales de Colombia (PNNC), este trabajo realiza la identificación y la caracterización hidrobiológica del sistema de humedales como componente del diagnóstico ambiental del territorio, enmarcado bajo el enfoque interdisciplinario del administrador ambiental. Se construyó una metodología con base en la planificación estratégica situacional que alimentada por distintas técnicas pertinentes permitió generar una propuesta de programas de gestión acordes con la situación actual del área protegida, para el manejo ambiental de estos humedales en concordancia con la Política Nacional para Humedales Interiores de Colombia y las directrices de la convención RAMSAR

Informalidad e ilegalidad en la explotación del oro y la madera en Antioquia

El libro "Informalidad e ilegalidad en la explotación del oro y la madera en Antioquia" escrito por Jorge Giraldo Ramírez y Juan Carlos Muñoz Mora, con el apoyo de EAFIT y Proantioquia fue comentado en la Revista de Negocios Internacionales de la Universidad de Columbia. Este libro analiza cómo los sectores del oro y la madera se han convertido en una fuente de financiación de los grupos armados. Lleva a cabo un análisis microeconómico de las cadenas de suministro de extracción de Antioquia e identifica con precisión los mecanismos que usan los actores armados ilegales para entrar en el mercado. Según los autores, la confluencia de los mercados extractivos informales con altos niveles de desigualdad socio-económica y la ausencia de un estado que funcione bien incentiva a los actores no estatales a asumir el papel del Estado y participar en la actividad criminal. Esta "ecología criminal" es un sistema de auto-perpetuación que se caracteriza por la intervención estatal ineficaz, débil regulación y sanción, y los altos niveles de influencia política y económica por parte de actores no estatales. Los resultados de Giraldo y Muñoz son impresionantes: encuentran correlaciones entre la minería del oro y la presencia de grupos armados ilegales, tenencia informal de tierras, el aumento de la violencia y la debilidad de las instituciones. Los autores concluyen la discusión con recomendaciones de política, que han sido debatidas en diversos foros, que incluyen la reforma de código minero del país. El libro habla de una compleja relación entre una economía tradicionalmente informal, la delincuencia ilegal y la demanda internacional de un recurso escaso (oro), que es ampliamente aplicable a cualquier número de países y contextos.De las economías informales a las criminales: ¿por qué convergen? -- La minería en Antioquia: entre la informalidad y la criminalidad -- La extracción de madera en Antioquia: una historia de informalidad y deforestación -- Algunas conclusione

Diseño de matriz como herramienta para la evaluación de requerimientos de calidad, medio ambiente y seguridad

The general objective of this research is the design of a matrix as a tool for the evaluation of quality, environmental and safety requirements for an automotive company located in Reynosa Tamaulipas, Mexico, addressing the problem that is generated due to the impact on the organization by breaches in the lack of standardization and evaluation of customer and regulatory requirements. This research is presented and developed using the logical methods of deduction, analysis and synthesis of continuous improvement, the Ishikawa methodology or fish diagram, the methodology of cause and effect analysis and risk assessment. Analyzed the changes of the norms and their requirements, it is observed that the main findings in the audits are in relation to the compliance in the evaluation of the client's requirements, due to the fact that the implementations of the management systems in the organizations are carried out in different stages. and this mismatch in project management complicates standardization and creates the potential for risk. The matrix as a tool for the evaluation of quality, environment and safety requirements provides us with guidelines to make the management of the organization more efficient, by eliminating the duplication of documents, non-applicable controls and repetitive training, it also allows us to minimize the workload and efforts generated due to the analysis of system requirements as isolated sections and not globally.El objetivo general de esta investigación es el diseño de una matriz como herramienta para la evaluación de requerimientos de calidad, medio ambiente y seguridad para una empresa automotriz ubicada en Reynosa Tamaulipas, México, abordando el problema que se genera debido al impacto en la organización por los incumplimientos en la falta de estandarización y evaluación de requerimientos de cliente y normativos. Esta investigación se presenta y desarrolla con el uso de los métodos lógicos de deducción, análisis y síntesis de mejora continua, la metodología de Ishikawa o diagrama pescado, la metodología de análisis de causa y efecto y de evaluación de riesgos. Analizados los cambios de las normas y sus requerimientos se observa que los principales hallazgos en las auditorias son con relación al cumplimento en la evaluación de requerimientos del cliente debido a que las implementaciones de los sistemas de gestión en las organizaciones se llevan a cabo en diferentes etapas y este desfase en la gestión de los proyectos complica la estandarización y genera la posibilidad de riesgos. La matriz como herramienta para la evaluación de requerimientos de calidad, medio ambiente y seguridad nos brinda la pauta para eficientizar la  gestión de la organización, al eliminar  la duplicidad de documentos, de controles no aplicables  y entrenamientos repetitivos, también nos permite reducir al mínimo la carga de trabajo y esfuerzos que se genera debido al análisis de requerimientos de los sistemas como apartados aislados y no de forma global

Dissecting the Heterogeneous Population Genetic Structure of Candida albicans: Limitations and constraints of the multilocus sequence typing scheme

Candida albicans is a fungal opportunistic pathogen of significant public health importance mainly due to the recent emergence of strains with increased aggressiveness and antifungal resistance. Here, we aimed to describe the epidemiological profiles and approximate the population structure of C. albicans by analyzing the C. albicans multilocus sequence typing (MLST) database (Calb-MLST-DB), which contains the largest publically available dataset for this species. Based on 4,318 database isolates, we confirmed the ubiquitous nature of C. albicans including a group of diploid sequence types (DSTs) obtained from Healthy individuals exclusively (taken as an indicator of lack of association with illnesses in its host), until isolates established from Non-Healthy individuals (potentially associated with pathogenic processes) and other DSTs reported in both types (Healthy and Non-Healthy). The highest number of reported DSTs was related to blood, oral and vaginal swabs (32.4, 20.5, and 13.8%, respectively). High genetic diversity was observed in the seven housekeeping genes included in the MLST scheme, with a diverse population structure (154 clonal complexes, CCs; and a high number of singletons, n = 1,074). Phylogenetic reconstruction on the concatenated alignment of these housekeeping genes for all the reported DSTs (n = 3,483) was partially concordant with the CC assignment, however, an absence of bootstrap threshold supported nodes or p-distance, and the lack of association with the other epidemiological variables, evidenced the limitations of the MLST scheme. Marked genetic admixture signals were identified by STRUCTURE, with the majority being attributable to recombination events according to the RDP program results, although another type of exchange event cannot be ruled out. Our results reaffirm the genetic diversity inherent in the genes used for the MLST scheme, which are associated with the chromosomal remodeling already proposed for C. albicans. This was also corroborated with an internal validation at a micro geographical scale. Despite these results are biased due to the unavailability of considering the broad global spectrum of C. albicans isolates around the world. This suggests that the strategy used to population type this pathogen should be reevaluated to improve epidemiological monitoring of its health impact. Copyright © 2019 Muñoz, Wintaco, Muñoz and Ramírez. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms

Parque urbano "Torre La Sal". Casares Costa, Casares, Málaga

El objetivo del proyecto es la implantación de un Parque Urbano en la Costa de Casares, Málaga, ubicados en la carretera que une el pueblo de Casares con la cost

Measuring inflation in Argentina: IPC Online Project

The motivation of the IPC Online, was to act and make accountable a policy that misinformed economic agents. It allows for cross checking to highly important variable such as prices with different geographical scopes. It has been shown how webscraping- data-based urban indices were estimated and contrasted to traditional-based indices granting highly efficient measurements at one thousandth of cost. Combined with many other variables that can be captured or downloaded from the Internet [2] paints a future of combined indicators for tracking the socioeconomic life, even remotely.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativ

ARTEMISA: Architecture of an eco-driving assistant based on the anticipation

This paper presents the architecture of an eco driving assistant. The assistant evaluates the fulfil ment of classic eco-driving advices such as: main tain a constant speed, driving at high gear, slow down smoothly and so on. In addition, the assistant issues advices based on the anticipation. Anticipa tion is the key of eco-driving. The assistant is ca pable of detecting traffic signs beforehand and it checks if the speed is suitable for not having to slow down sharply. In addition, the system propos es an optimal average speed according to the con ditions of the road. To model the environment where the vehicle is moving, we use an Android mobile device. These devices are ideal due to to their multiple network connections (Bluetooth, UTMS and WIFI) and sen sors (camera, acceleration sensor, GPS and so on). To obtain the vehicle’s parameters (speed, fuel consumption, RPM, etc.), we use the diagnostic port (OBD2). The proposed system can improve fuel consump tion and safety. In addition, it is independent of the type of vehicle.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación TIN2009-14378-C02-02European Union REA FP7/2007-2013 n° 286533Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación HAUS IPT-2011-1049-43000

From the first observations to the recent establishment: the paradox of a sub-Saharan species colonizing the western Palearctic.

Ongoing climate change is causing latitudinal shifts in many species to reach more favourable climatic conditions. These changes are of particular relevance in southern Europe, where a short-distance expansion of African species’ range toward the north represents a major step in biogeographical terms, as a new continent would be reached and colonised. In this way, species that were never in contact suddenly interacts with each other, generating changes in communities. This is currently occurring with Griffon and Rüppell's vultures in the Iberian Peninsula, where individuals of the African species are beginning to establish themselves on a stable basis in breeding colonies of Griffon Vultures. Until now, there has been no evidence that Rüppell's Vulture has been able to breed in Europe, despite some observed breeding attempts that did not result in successful reproduction. In 1999, an adult Rüppell’s Vulture was observed in Portugal in a possible nest, although successful breeding was not confirmed. The next signs of reproduction were detected in 2020 in southern Spain, when a female Rüppell’s Vulture was recorded mating with a male Griffon Vulture in Cádiz province, and a different female was observed carrying nesting material in Málaga province. Throughout 2021 and 2022, breeding attempts have consistently occurred in the breeding colony of Málaga, but close monitoring of the individuals, tagged with GPS transmitters confirmed that mating did not result in egg-laying. During the year 2023, the situation has changed and, in this communication, we will report the first confirmed case of Rüppell's Vulture breeding in Europe. Paradoxically, as the species begins to colonize a new biogeographic realm in the Palearctic, its rapid decline caused it to be reappraised to the IUCN Critically Endangered category. We will detail the case and discuss the potential implications for the conservation of the species.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Trayectoria Inflacionaria en Bahía Blanca: Algunas consideraciones para el período 2015-2017

Desde mediados del año 2007 hasta principios del 2016, la ausencia de una estadística oficial que releve de manera creíble la evolución de los precios a nivel nacional, suscitó una proliferación de mediciones focalizadas a calcular la tasa de inflación. Es en este contexto que a partir de 2014, para el caso de la localidad de Bahía Blanca, hizo su aparición el “Índice de Precios al Consumidor Online” (IPC Online), el cual tiene como particularidad que la extracción de sus datos la realiza a partir de la información contenida en la web. Por otra parte, desde 1996, el Centro Regional de Estudios Económicos de Bahía Blanca (CREEBBA), realiza a través del “Índice de Precios al Consumidor CREEBBA” (IPC CREEBBA), su propia estimación de la inflación. De este modo, en este trabajo se analizará la trayectoria de la inflación acaecida en Bahía Blanca recurriendo al IPC ONLINE como también al IPC CREEBBA para el período 2015-2017. A su vez, se evaluará la existencia de correspondencia entre ambos índices considerando la metodología utilizada por los mismos.Fil: Gutierrez, Emiliano Martin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Economía. Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Uriarte, Juan Ignacio. Hyperia; ArgentinaFil: Ramírez Muñoz de Toro, Gonzalo Román. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Derecho; Argentina. Hyperia; Argentin

Determining Clostridium difficile intra-taxa diversity by mining multilocus sequence typing databases

Background: Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) is a highly discriminatory typing strategy; it is reproducible and scalable. There is a MLST scheme for Clostridium difficile (CD), a gram positive bacillus causing different pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract. This work was aimed at describing the frequency of sequence types (STs) and Clades (C) reported and evalute the intra-taxa diversity in the CD MLST database (CD-MLST-db) using an MLSA approach. Results: Analysis of 1778 available isolates showed that clade 1 (C1) was the most frequent worldwide (57.7%), followed by C2 (29.1%). Regarding sequence types (STs), it was found that ST-1, belonging to C2, was the most frequent. The isolates analysed came from 17 countries, mostly from the United Kingdom (UK) (1541 STs, 87.0%). The diversity of the seven housekeeping genes in the MLST scheme was evaluated, and alleles from the profiles (STs), for identifying CD population structure. It was found that adk and atpA are conserved genes allowing a limited amount of clusters to be discriminated; however, different genes such as drx, glyA and particularly sodA showed high diversity indexes and grouped CD populations in many clusters, suggesting that these genes' contribution to CD typing should be revised. It was identified that CD STs reported to date have a mostly clonal population structure with foreseen events of recombination; however, one group of STs was not assigned to a clade being highly different containing at least nine well-supported clusters, suggesting a greater amount of clades for CD. Conclusions: This study shows the usefulness of CD-MLST-db as a tool for studying CD distribution and population structure, identifying the need for reviewing the usefulness of sodA as housekeeping gene within the MLST scheme and suggesting the existence of a greater amount of CD clades. The study also shows the plausible exchange of genetic material between STs, contributing towards intra-taxa genetic diversity. © 2017 The Author(s)