The agenda for integral urban development in Spain (1994-2013)

Desde los años noventa la Unión Europea viene desarrollando programas e iniciativas de intervención integral con el objetivo de promover el desarrollo urbano, en general, y reducir los procesos de desigualdad socioespacial en las ciudades, en particular. En buena medida estas políticas han ido generando un conjunto de prácticas que vienen redundando en la progresiva elaboración de una estrategia para las áreas urbanas en Europa, a la que suele denominarse, ‘agenda urbana’ (Comisión Europea, 2014). Pero, ¿cuál ha sido la agenda promovida por los proyectos desarrollados durante las dos últimas décadas?, o de otra forma, ¿cuál ha sido la experiencia que permitiría ir definiendo una agenda urbana para las ciudades españolas?. En este trabajo presentamos un ejercicio básico para tratar de responder a estas cuestiones mediante el análisis de los proyectos desarrollados en el marco de los programas URBAN y URBANA en España (1994-2013).Since the 1990s, the European Union has launched comprehensive programs and initiatives that promote integrated urban development, the goal being improved urban development, in general, and a reduction of socio spatial inequalities in cities, in particular. The policies generated as a result of these programs and initiatives have shaped a European strategy that promotes integrated urban development, the so-called “urban agenda”. But, what in fact is the agenda that has been promoted by these initiatives during the last two decades? And, what are the experiences that would help define an urban agenda for Spanish cities? This article presents a basic analysis to respond to these questions, analyzing projects done in the framework of URBAN and URBANA programs in Spain (1994-2013)

Automotive Control Catalyzer to Synthetize CaCO3 from Residual Co2 Embedded Control System

La contaminación generada por el sector automotriz es un problema de medio ambiente por el que sectores gubernamentales y privados han tomado acciones para contrarrestarla. Uno de esos esfuerzos procura de proveer una solución para la emisión de gases de producidos de diferentes sistemas de combustión. El objetivo del presente proyecto es diseñar un sistema de alta calidad y confiable, capaz de transformar una cantidad considerable de los gases emitidos en nuevo combustible antes de ser liberados de vuelta al entorno. El módulo de control fue desarrollado considerando los requerimientos demandados por la industria automotriz. El controlador fue basado sobre la arquitectura AUTOSAR, este también incluyó el protocolo de comunicación estándar CAN 2.0 desempeñado con el microcontrolador validado como grado 2 por el Consejo de Electrónica Automotriz, y el sensor SHT11 usado fue certificado contra RoHS. La arquitectura de software cumple con la complejidad inherente de las especificaciones de AUTOSAR, por consiguiente, diferentes técnicas fueron requeridas para su solución, incluyendo la definición, diagramas de límites, especificación de requerimientos, interfaces de software e interacción de módulos. Una vez que los requerimientos fueron conocidos, el código fue implementado. Como resultado, este módulo puede ser categorizado como un producto de grado automotriz que puede ser introducido en el mercado automotriz.The pollution generated by the automotive sector has been an environmental issue in the latest years, and nowadays, different governmental and private sectors have taken actions on this matter. One of these efforts tries to provide a solution for contaminating gas emissions produced from different fuel combustion systems. The aim of the present project is to design a reliable and high-quality system that senses the environmental temperature, relative humidity, and calculates the dew point to control a catalyzer capable of transforming a considerable amount of exhaust gases into a new fuel component before they are released back into the environment. The control module was developed considering the requirements demanded by the automotive industry. The controller was based on an AUTOSAR architecture, it also included the standard CAN 2.0 communication protocol performed within the microcontroller validated as grade 2 by the Automotive Electronics Council, and the SHT11 sensor used was certified against RoHS. Equally important, the software architecture complied with the complexity inherent in AUTOSAR specifications. Therefore, different techniques were required for its solution, including, boundary diagram, requirement specifications, software interface, and module interaction definitions. Once these requirements where met, the code was implemented. As a result, this module could be categorized as an automotive-grade product that can be introduced in the automotive market.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologí

Results of the JET real-time disruption predictor in the ITER-like wall campaigns

The impact of disruptions in JET became even more important with the replacement of the previous Carbon Fiber Composite (CFC) wall with a more fragile full metal ITER-like wall (ILW). The development of robust disruption mitigation systems is crucial for JET (and also for ITER). Moreover, a reliable real-time (RT) disruption predictor is a pre-requisite to any mitigation method. The Advance Predictor Of DISruptions (APODIS) has been installed in the JET Real-Time Data Network (RTDN) for the RT recognition of disruptions. The predictor operates with the new ILW but it has been trained only with discharges belonging to campaigns with the CFC wall. 7 realtime signals are used to characterize the plasma status (disruptive or non-disruptive) at regular intervals of 1 ms. After the first 3 JET ILW campaigns (991 discharges), the success rate of the predictor is 98.36% (alarms are triggered in average 426 ms before the disruptions). The false alarm and missed alarm rates are 0.92% and 1.64%

Diagnosis Of Competences Required For The Industrial Engineer, According To The Expectations Of Employers And The Environment In 2021-2022

El presente artículo tiene el objetivo de mostrar una actualización sobre la relevancia de las competencias requeridas por la industria del ingeniero industrial recién egresado; para adaptar oportunamente el plan de estudios que hoy ofrece la Universidad Hispanoamericana. Para alcanzar este objetivo se diseñó una metodología donde se prioriza el criterio de los grupos de interés: Empleadores, Docentes, Egresados y Estudiantes. Se diseñó un cuestionario considerando las líneas de investigación de la carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, que se conformaron el año 2018 fundamentando las necesidades del contexto costarricense y la experiencia de los docentes de la carrera. Posteriormente, se aplicó el cuestionario durante las fechas 28 de junio al 30 de julio de 2022. Donde se recolectaron 126 muestras. Como parte de los resultados se destacan 27 competencias subdivididas en la dimensión de Saber Conocer: Calidad (5 ítems), Operaciones industriales (4 ítems), Procesos productivos (6 ítems), Sostenibilidad industrial (1 ítem), Tecnología e innovación educativa (1 ítem); además de la dimensión Saber Hacer (6 ítems) y de la dimensión Saber Ser (4 ítems). Como principal conclusión se determina que a nivel general la dimensión de competencias Saber Hacer es la más relevante para el ingeniero industrial en la industria. En la categoría de adicional de software los de mayor importancia fueron: Hoja de cálculo, Estadístico, Gestor de proyectos, ERP, WMS, BI. Además, el idioma inglés fue elegido de forma unánime como el principal idioma requerido por el ingeniero industrial; y en la pregunta abierta se destaca como habilidad adicional de importancia para el ingeniero industrial aquellas relacionadas con habilidades directivas.The following article aims to show an update on the relevance of the competencies required by the industry of the recently graduated industrial engineer; to detect gaps that allow timely updating or adapting the curriculum offered today by the Hispanoamericana University. To achieve this objective, a methodology was designed where the criteria of the interest groups are prioritized: Employers, Teachers, Graduates and Students. A questionnaire was designed considering the lines of research of the Industrial Engineering career, which were formed in 2018 based on the needs of the Costa Rican context and the experience of the career's teachers. Subsequently, the questionnaire was applied during the dates June 28 to July 30, 2022. Where 126 samples were collected. As part of the results, 27 competencies subdivided into the Knowing Know dimension stand out: Quality (5 items), Industrial operations (4 items), Production processes (6 items), Industrial sustainability (1 item), Educational technology and innovation (1 item); in addition to the Knowing How to Do dimension (6 items) and the Knowing How to Be dimension (4 items). As the main conclusion, it is determined that at a general level the dimension of Know-How competencies is the most relevant for the industrial engineer in the industry. In the additional software category, the most important ones were: Spreadsheet, Statistical, Project Manager, ERP, WMS, BI. Furthermore, the English language was unanimously chosen as the main language required by the industrial engineer; and in the open question, those related to management skills stand out as additional skills of importance for the industrial engineer

Implementation of the disruption predictor APODIS in JET Real Time Network using the MARTe framework

Disruptions in tokamaks devices are unavoidable, and they can have a significant impact on machine integrity. So it is very important have mechanisms to predict this phenomenon. Disruption prediction is a very complex task, not only because it is a multi-dimensional problem, but also because in order to be effective, it has to detect well in advance the actual disruptive event, in order to be able to use successful mitigation strategies. With these constraints in mind a real-time disruption predictor has been developed to be used in JET tokamak. The predictor has been designed to run in the Multithreaded Application Real-Time executor (MARTe) framework. The predictor ?Advanced Predictor Of DISruptions? (APODIS) is based on Support Vector Machine (SVM)

CYLD regulates keratinocyte differentiation and skin cancer progression in humans

CYLD is a gene mutated in familial cylindromatosis and related diseases, leading to the development of skin appendages tumors. Although the deubiquitinase CYLD is a skin tumor suppressor, its role in skin physiology is unknown. Using skin organotypic cultures as experimental model to mimic human skin, we have found that CYLD acts as a regulator of epidermal differentiation in humans through the JNK signaling pathway. We have determined the requirement of CYLD for the maintenance of epidermal polarity, keratinocyte differentiation and apoptosis. We show that CYLD overexpression increases keratinocyte differentiation while CYLD loss of function impairs epidermal differentiation. In addition, we describe the important role of CYLD in the control of human non-melanoma skin cancer progression. Our results show the reversion of the malignancy of human squamous cell carcinomas that express increased levels of CYLD, while its functional inhibition enhances the aggressiveness of these tumors which progress toward spindle cell carcinomas. We have found that the mechanisms through which CYLD regulates skin cancer progression include the control of tumor differentiation, angiogenesis and cell survival. These findings of the role of CYLD in human skin cancer prognosis make our results relevant from a therapeutic point of view, and open new avenues for exploring novel cancer therapiesThis work was funded by grants from the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación PI06/1233 and PI10/01480 to MLC, and SAF2010-22156 to ARS

Predictive Value of Serum Antibodies and Point Mutations of AQP4, AQP1 and MOG in A Cohort of Spanish Patients with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders

The detection of IgG aquaporin-4 antibodies in the serum of patients with Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) has dramatically improved the diagnosis of this disease and its distinction from multiple sclerosis. Recently, a group of patients have been described who have an NMO spectrum disorder (NMOsd) and who are seronegative for AQP4 antibodies but positive for IgG aquaporin-1 (AQP1) or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies. The purpose of this study was to determine whether AQP1 and MOG could be considered new biomarkers of this disease; and if point mutations in the gDNA of AQP4, AQP1 and MOG genes could be associated with the etiology of NMOsd. We evaluated the diagnostic capability of ELISA and cell-based assays (CBA), and analyzed their reliability, specificity, and sensitivity in detecting antibodies against these three proteins. The results showed that both assays can recognize these antigen proteins under appropriate conditions, but only anti-AQP4 antibodies, and not AQP1 or MOG, appears to be a clear biomarker for NMOsd. CBA is the best method for detecting these antibodies; and serum levels of AQP4 antibodies do not correlate with the progression of this disease. So far, the sequencing analysis has not revealed a genetic basis for the etiology of NMOsd, but a more extensive analysis is required before definitive conclusions can be drawn.Ministerio de Economía y CompetitividadFEDER (Grants PI16/01249 y PI16/00493

NADPH oxidase 1 as a new regulator of the WNT pathway and the protective effect of vitamin D in colorectal cancer

Trabajo presentado en el 43rd Annual Meeting of the SEBBM, celebrado en Barcelona (España) del 19 al 22 de julio de 2021.Worldwide, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignant neoplasm and the second leading cause of cancer-associated mortality, with an estimated increase in global prevalence of 60% by 2030 (1,2). Mutational inactivation of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) is the hallmark of CRC and leads to an overactivation of WNT signaling that favors the development and progression of CRC (3). Large epidemiological studies suggest that the diabetic population is at increased risk for site-specific cancers, including CRC (4). Our laboratory has shown that hyperglycemia induces the accumulation of ROS in CRC but not healthy cells, driving the activation of a newly described ROS/AMPK/EP300 axis that enhances Wnt/b-catenin signaling. Increased EP300 leads to increased acetylation of β-catenin at K354, a requirement for nuclear accumulation and transcriptional activation of WNT target genes (5,6). The critical role driven by ROS suggest a possible involvement of the NADPH oxidases (NOX family, as a source of ROS. Specifically, NOX 1 and NOX 4 are expressed in colon epithelial cells, and their overexpression in CRC cells promotes cell proliferation and invasiveness (7,8,9,10). Our results indicate that hyperglycemia significantly increases NOX1 levels, in correlation with increased ROS production in CRC cells, suggesting a possible regulation of the ROS/ AMPK/EP300 axis by NOX1. Antioxidant mechanisms dealing with NOX1-induced ROS should be effective against CRC. Vitamin D (1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3) is a powerful antioxidant that inhibits proliferation and promotes differentiation of CRC cells at least partially through inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signalling. Consequently, vitamin D deficiency is associated with poor survival to CRC (11,12). Our results indicate that vitamin D causes a reduction in the levels and / or activity of some members of the NOX family by turning off the ROS/AMPK/EP300/β-catenin axis and its proliferative and tumorigenic effects. The data suggest a new antitumor mechanism of vitamin D linked to its anti-oxidant action. Our results integrate independent epidemiological links between vitamin D deficiency, diabetes and cancer in one overarching and unifying mechanism

Sobrecarga laboral en los conductores de la empresa Transdepet & Carga Ltda

En la siguiente presentación se muestra una problemática evidenciada por el recorte de personal que la empresa Transdepet & Carga Ltda realizo por los bajos ingresos que empezó a percibir debido a la caída de petróleo a nivel mundial, los trabajadores que continuaron en la empresa, recibieron otras funciones que no estaban establecidas en los contratos de trabajo, ocasionado una sobrecarga laboral y disminución de los salarios; lo que conlleva a la desmotivación y baja productividad de los trabajadores. Con base a lo explicado la pregunta de investigación seria: ¿Cuáles son las condiciones de carga laboral de los conductores de carga pesada y cómo se relacionan con su salud? Por medio de esta investigación surge la importancia que se debe tener en el área de la salud ocupacional siendo indispensable en el trabajo ya que las enfermedades de carga laboral afectan a las actividades laborales, se identificó que es necesario conocer las causas al problema que está genera a los conductores, para así poder determinar y evaluar el impacto en los factores de riesgo, teniendo en cuenta los datos que se van a obtener por medio de las encuestas diligenciadas a un porcentaje de los conductores que laboran en la empresa Transdepet & Carga Ltda.The following presentation shows a problematic evidenced by the cut of personnel that the company Transdepet & Carga Ltda realized due to the low income that it started to receive due to the worldwide oil fall, the workers who continued in the company, received other functions that were not established in the work contracts, caused an overload and decreased wages; which leads to demotivation and low productivity of workers. Based on the explained the serious research question: What are the workload conditions of heavy load drivers and how are they related to your health? Through this research the importance that must be had in the area of ​​occupational health is essential, being indispensable in the work since the diseases of work load affect the work activities, it was identified that it is necessary to know the causes to the problem that is generated to drivers, in order to determine and assess the impact on risk factors, taking into account the data that will be obtained through the surveys completed to a percentage of drivers working in the company Transdepet & Carga Ltda

Mid-Regional Pro-Adrenomedullin, Methemoglobin and Carboxyhemoglobin as Prognosis Biomarkers in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19: An Observational Prospective Study

Depto. de MedicinaFac. de MedicinaTRUEpu