Noncanonical Approaches To Inflation

In this Thesis by publication, we cover both phenomenological and theoretical approaches to the study of inflation: from model-independent parametrizations to modifications of gravity. In a review style, we provide a short introduction to the standard cosmological model and an overview of the dynamics of the canonical single-field inflationary scenario---including the dynamics and evolution of the primordial quantum fluctuations and their signatures on current observations. We then briefly discuss the Mukhanov parametrization, a model-independent approach to study the allowed parameter space of the canonical inflationary scenario. Later, we review the construction of the most general scalar-tensor and scalar-vector-tensor theories of gravity yielding second-order equations of motion, as well as the main models of inflation developed within these frameworks. Finally, we demonstrate new techniques that move beyond the slow-roll approximation---Generalized Slow-roll and Optimized Slow-Roll---to compute the inflationary observables more accurately, in both canonical and noncanonical scenarios. We complement the discussion with detailed appendices on the cosmological perturbation theory and useful expressions for the beyond-GR cosmology. Conclusions are drawn from the results obtained for this Thesis.Comment: 149 pages. Thesis defended on May 10th, 2019. Full academic version can be found in the following repository: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1773585

Phenomenological approaches of inflation and their equivalence

In this work, we analyze two possible alternative and model-independent approaches to describe the inflationary period. The first one assumes a general equation of state during inflation due to Mukhanov, while the second one is based on the slow-roll hierarchy suggested by Hoffman and Turner. We find that, remarkably, the two approaches are equivalent from the observational viewpoint, as they single out the same areas in the parameter space, and agree with the inflationary attractors where successful inflation occurs. Rephrased in terms of the familiar picture of a slowly rolling, canonically normalized scalar field, the resulting inflaton excursions in these two approaches are almost identical. Furthermore, once the Galactic dust polarization data from Planck are included in the numerical fits, inflaton excursions can safely take sub-Planckian values.Comment: Revtex, 8 pages, 4 figures. References updated. Matches published version in PR

Mammals of Colombia deposited at the Zoologische Staatssammlung Muenchen, Germany

The Zoologische Staatssammlung Muenchen (ZSM), Germany, possesses an historical value because is the depositary of important specimens that were used in the description of different species, especially from South America. Unfortunately, there is not available information about the mammals of Colombia housed at this collection. For this, 33 specimens from Colombia belonging to six orders, 14 genus, and 17 species were reviewed. Cranial and external measurements are given, as well as information of collectors and localities. Of these specimens, 23 were captured in Northern Colombia and imported to Germany to a pet store between 1954 and 1966. Due the difficulties to access to information of mammals from Colombia in European museums and collections, the information summarized here may be useful for people interested in these species.La colección Zoologische Staatssammlung Muenchen (ZSM) en Alemania, posee un carácter histórico ya que alberga importantes ejemplares, especialmente de Suramérica, que fueron empleados para la descripción de diferentes especies. Desafortunadamente no existe información sobre los mamíferos de Colombia depositados en dicha colección. Por esto, un total de 33 especímenes procedentes de Colombia pertenecientes a seis órdenes, 14 géneros y 17 especies depositados en ZSM fueron revisados. Medidas craneales y externas son suministradas al igual que la información de los colectores y localidades. De dichos especímenes, 23 fueron capturados en el norte de Colombia e importados a Alemania hacia una tienda de mascotas entre 1954 y 1966. Teniendo en cuenta la dificultad de acceso a información sobre mamíferos de Colombia depositados en colecciones y museos europeos, la información resumida aquí puede ser útil para personas interesadas en estas especies

Informe final de habilidades prácticas diplomado CISCO CCNP.

Informe final de habilidades prácticas diplomado CISCO CCNP.El certificado de Cisco, Certified Network Associate (CCNA). Valida la capacidad de instalar, configurar, operar y solucionar problemas de rutas de tamaño medio y redes conmutadas, incluida la implementación y verificación de conexiones a sitios remotos en una WAN. El plan de estudios de CCNA incluye la mitigación básica de las amenazas de seguridad, la introducción a conceptos y terminología de redes inalámbricas y las habilidades basadas en el rendimiento. Este nuevo plan de estudios también incluye el uso de los siguientes protocolos: IP, protocolo de enrutamiento de puerta interior mejorada (EIGRP), protocolo de interfaz de línea serie Frame Relay, protocolo de información de enrutamiento versión 2 (RIPv2), VLANs, Ethernet y acceso a listas de control (ACL). Durante el desarrollo de la evaluación denominada “Prueba de habilidades prácticas”, del Diplomado de Profundización CISCO, busca identificar, implementar, desarrollar las competencias y habilidades que se aprendieron durante todo el desarrollo del diplomado, permitiendo así poner a prueba los niveles de comprensión y solución de problemas relacionados con diversos aspectos del Networking con los que nos enfrentaremos en la práctica real de nuestra labor como ingenieros o trabajadores en instalación, estructuración e implementación de redes. Es por esto que el presente informa relaciona la practica de dos casos con sus respectivos requerimientos.The Cisco Certificate, Certified Network Associate (CCNA). Validates the ability to install, configure, operate and troubleshoot medium-sized routes and switched networks, including the implementation and verification of connections to remote sites on a WAN. The CCNA curriculum includes basic mitigation of security threats, introduction to wireless network concepts and terminology, and performance-based skills. This new curriculum also includes the use of the following protocols: IP, Enhanced Internal Door Routing Protocol (EIGRP), Frame Relay Serial Line Interface Protocol, Version 2 Routing Information Protocol (RIPv2), VLANs, Ethernet and access to checklists (ACL). During the development of the evaluation called “Test of practical skills”, of the CISCO Deepening Diploma, seeks to identify, implement, develop the skills and abilities that were learned throughout the development of the diploma, thus allowing to test the levels of understanding and solution of problems related to various aspects of Networking with which we will face in the real practice of our work as engineers or workers in installation, structuring and implementation of networks. This is why the present report relates the practice of two cases with their respective requirements

Post-9/11 U.S. Homeland Security Policy Changes and Challenges: A Policy Impact Assessment of the Mexican Front

AbstractThis article assesses U.S. security policy on U.S.-Mexico land ports of entry, before and after 9/11. It tracks U.S. security policy’s impact over time by using multiple interrupted time-series (mit) and yearly time-series of border activity measures from 1994 to 2009. The results demonstrate that, other things being equal, post-9/11 U.S. security policy changes had marginal effects; in other words, policy responses make no difference when their performance is compared on, before, and after 9/11; thus, U.S.-Mexico economic integration may be a stronger determinant of security at U.S.-Mexico land ports of entry

Bargaining with intertemporal maximin payoffs

We present a new class of dynamic bargaining problems, called "bargaining problems with intertemporal maximin payoffs," that may reflect sustainability problems having to encompass conflicting issues in the long-run. Each bargainer (or stake-holder) has a representative indicator, namely a function of the state and decisions, and aims at maximizing its minimal value over time. Bargaining on sustainability issues consists in defining the vector of stake-holder's payoffs. We are interested in defining the set of feasible outcomes of such problems. This set is interpreted as a support for a social choice of sustainability objectives. We introduce a MONDAI condition – Monotonicity of Dynamics And Indicators – consistent with many economic problems and, in particular, "environmental economic" sustainability issues. We characterize the set of feasible outcomes for problems satisfying these monotonicity properties, and the bargaining solutions under the axioms of Pareto efficiency and Independence of Irrelevant Alternatives. We also provide a "satisficing" common decision rule to achieve any given solution. We then examine the time-consistency of the solution under the axioms of Veto Power and Individual Rationality.bargaining theory, dynamics, maximin, monotonicity, feasibility set, sustainability

Manual de prácticas para laboratorio de control I programa de ingeniería electrónica

El plan de estudios del programa de ingeniería electrónica de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, contempla en octavo semestre la asignatura práctica LABORATORIO DE CONTROL I, asignatura que es el complemento práctico a la teoría sobre técnicas de control análogo vistas por lo estudiantes durante el mismo semestre. La necesidad del presente trabajo radica en que dicha asignatura práctica requiere el desarrollo de una serie de guías de laboratorio que contengan objetivos alcanzables, conocimientos previos, una metodología de desarrollo ajustada, ejemplos de aplicación que guíen al estudiante, autoevaluación y bibliografía, que fortalezcan el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de esta área de aplicación de la ingeniería electrónica