Knowledge, attitude, and practice study among healthcare workers, during COVID-19 pandemic in an aspiring district of Uttar Pradesh

Background: COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) declared pandemic by WHO on 30th January 2020. Till date there is no antiviral treatment or vaccine has been developed for COVID-19. Primary preventive measures include regular hand washing, social distancing and respiratory etiquettes are only proven methods till date.Methods: A type of questionnaire based cross sectional study was conducted among the healthcare workers (HCWs) of Maharaja Suheldev Autonomous State Medical College, Bahraich.Results: In this predominantly uneducated and socially backward area, majority of participants had knowledge about COVID-19 precautionary measures and most of them are confident of winning over the disease; 77.5% were confident of successfully controlling the disease, yet maximum healthcare workers took seriously the precautionary measures.Conclusions: Good COVID-19 knowledge is associated with optimistic attitudes and appropriate practices towards COVID-19, suggesting that health education programs aimed at improving COVID-19 knowledge are helpful for encouraging an optimistic attitude and maintaining safe practices

Comparison between Portland Pozzolana Cement & Processed Fly Ash blended Ordinary Portland Cement

This paper presents a comparison between two different procedures for  the use of Fly ash (FA) in cement industry. The first which is very often used is by adding FA to clinker as in the manufacture of Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC).The second which is recent trend is to process FA & by blending it with Ordinary Portland cement (OPC).Strength parameters are compared of both the types of cement. For the same target strength of the cubes OPC blended with Processed FA (PFA) proved to be more economical than PPC. Keywords: Fly Ash ,Blending, Ordinary Portland Cement, Portland pozzolana Cement, Processed Fly Ash

Evaluation of Antimicrobial and Antifungal efficacy of Chitosan as endodontic irrigant against Enterococcus Faecalis and Candida Albicans Biofilm formed on tooth substrate

Bacterial biofilms formed on the root canal wall are often difficult to remove. This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic effect and antibacterial efficacy of chitosan when used as root canal irrigant against E. Faecalis and Candida albicans biofilm formed on tooth substrate. The present study evaluated antibacterial effect of 0.25% Chitosan, 0.5% Chitosan, 2% chlorhexidine and 3% sodium hypochlorite against Enterococcus faecalis and Candida Albicans. Agar-well diffusion methods, minimal inhibitory concentration tests and biofilm susceptibility assays were used to determine antibacterial activity. Teeth specimens were sectioned to obtain a standardized tooth length of 12mm. Specimens were inoculated with 10 mL of the freshly prepared E. Faecalis suspension and Candida albicans for 4 weeks. The specimens were then instrumented with ProTaper rotary files F3 size. After irrigation with test solution, three sterile paper points were placed into one canal, left for 60 s and transferred to a test tube containing 1 mL of reduced transport fluid. The number of CFU in 1 mL was determined. 3-week biofilm qualitative assay showed complete inhibition of bacterial growth with 3% Sodium hypochlorite, 2% Chlorhexidine and Chitosan except saline, which showed presence of bacterial growth. Significant reduction of colony forming units (CFU)/mL was observed for the chitosan groups and the antibacterial activity of the chitosan groups was at par with 3% NaOCl and 2% Chlorhexidine. It was observed that the chitosan showed no cytotoxicity at 3mg/ml and 10% cytotoxicity at 6mg/ml. The use of chitosan as a root canal irrigant might be an alternative considering the various undesirable properties of NaOCl and chlorhexidine

ON KENMOTSU MANIFOLDS WITH SEMI-SYMMETRIC METRIC CONNECTION

The aim of the present paper is to study the properties of locally and globally $\phi$-concircularly symmetric Kenmotsu manifolds endowed with a semi-symmetric metric connection. First, we will prove that the locally $\phi$-symmetric and the globally $\phi$-concircularly symmetric Kenmotsu manifolds are equivalent. Next, we will study three dimensional locally $\phi$-symmetric, locally $\phi$-concircularly symmetric and locally $\phi$-concircularly recurrent Kenmotsu manifolds with respect to such connection and will obtain some geometrical results. In the end, we will construct a non-trivial example of Kenmotsu manifold admitting a semi-symmetric metric connection and validate our results. 

CHARACTERIZATION OF ϕ\phi-SYMMETRIC LORENTZIAN PARA-KENMOTSU MANIFOLDS

The purpose of the present paper is to explore the characteristics of the Lorentzian $\phi$-symmetric para-Kenmotsu manifold as an Einstein manifold. In this paper, we also study the parallel 2-form on the LP-Kenmotsu manifold (LP-Kenmotsu manifold is used in lieu of Lorentzian para-Kenmotsu manifold throughout the present research article). We explain that the conformally flat LP-Kenmotsu manifold is locally $\phi$-symmetric iff, it has constant scalar curvature

Lyra's cosmology of homogeneous and isotropic universe in Brans-Dicke theory

In this paper, we investigate a scalar field Brans-Dicke cosmological model in Lyra's geometry which is based on the modifications in geometrical term as well as energy term of Einstein's field equations. We have examined the validity of proposed cosmological model on observational scale by performing statistical analysis from latest $H(z)$ and SN Ia observational data. We find that the estimated values of Hubble's constant and matter energy density parameter are in agreement with their corresponding values, obtained from recent observations of WMAP and Plank collaboration. We also derived deceleration parameter, age of the universe and jerk parameter in terms of red-shift and computed its present values. The dynamics of deceleration parameter in derived model of the universe shows a signature flipping from positive to negative value and also indicates that the present universe is in accelerating phase.Comment: 9 pages, 6 Figures, Accepted for Publication in Int. J. Geom. Meth. Mod. Phy

Management of intercondylar fractures of the distal humerus in adults using bi-columnar plating through trans-olecranon approach

Background: Inter-condylar fractures of the distal humerus are uncommon injuries and present the most difficult challenge among fractures of the lower end of the humerus. The principle involves anatomical reduction and fixation with stabilization of extra-osseous implants. The functional outcome has been greatly influenced by the early graduated rehabilitative exercise. We aimed to evaluate the functional outcome of inter-condylar fractures of the distal humerus in adults using bi-columnar plating through a trans-olecranon approach.Methods: A prospective study with 40 adult patients with inter-condylar fracture of the distal humerus were managed with bi-columnar plating through a trans-olecranon approach and were followed up for 12 months. The functional outcome was analysed by Mayo’s Elbow Performance Score (MEPS) at the end of 12 months follow up.Results: The average age of study participants were 50.8 years. A total of 24 cases were due to RTA and 16 cases were due to direct falls. Out of 40 cases, 6 (15%) were of B1 type, 2 (5%) were of type B2, 12 (30%) were of C1, 10 (25%) of C2, and 10 (25%) were of the type of C3 according to AO classification. According to MEPS at the end of the 12th-month follow-up, excellent results were seen in 24 (60%), good in 8 (20%), fair in 6 (15%), and poor results in 2 (5%) cases.Conclusions: Anatomically, bi-columnar plating for distal humerus is useful in providing stable fixation for complex distal articular fractured by trans-olecranon approach and facilitating early postoperative rehabilitation. Clinical and radiological results showed a good healing rate with a good range of motion.

Huge pyometra in a postmenopausal age: a diagnostic dilemma

Pyometra in postmenopausal women is an extremely rare disease that hardly responds to the usual treatment of antibiotics therapy. Our case presented as a postmenopausal woman with a huge pyometra. Pyometra drainage was done with great difficulty after a blind biopsy. Endometrial and cervical biopsy followed by endometrial curettage was done. An intrauterine foley’s catheter was kept for seven days and Histopathological report was suggestive of squamous cell carcinoma of cervix

EFFECTS OF RADIATION AND VISCOUS DISSIPATION ON MHD BOUNDARY LAYER FLOW DUE TO AN EXPONENTIALLY MOVING STRETCHING SHEET IN POROUS MEDIUM

Aim of the paper is to investigate radiation effects on the MHD flow over an exponentially moving stretching sheet placed in a porous medium. A variable magnetic field is applied normal to the sheet. Similarity transformation is used to convert the governing nonlinear partial differential equations into a system of ordinary differential equations which are solved numerically using forth order Runge- Kutta integration scheme with shooting iteration technique. The effects of physical parameters on the dimensionless velocity and temperature profiles are depicted graphically and analyzed in details. Finally numerical values of physical quantities, such as the local skin friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number are presented in the tabular form