The role of γ -aminobutyric acid (Gaba) in somatic embryogenesis of Acca sellowiana Berg. (Myrtaceae)

The γ-aminobutyric acid (Gaba) is a non-protein amino acid found in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Its role in plant development has not been fully established. This study reports a quantification of the levels of endogenous Gaba, as well as investigation of its role in different stages of somatic embryogenesis in Acca sellowiana Berg. (Myrtaceae). Zygotic embryos were used as explants and they were inoculated into the culture medium contained different concentrations of Gaba (0,2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 µM). The highest concentrations of endogenous Gaba were detected between the third and nine days after inoculation, reaching the value of 12.77 µmol.g-1FW. High frequency of somatic embryogenesis was observed in response to 10 µM Gaba. This treatment also resulted in a large number of normal embryos, and the lowest percentage of formation of fused somatic embryos, phenotypic characteristic of most deformed embryos in all treatments. Also, all treatments promoted the formation of the somatic embryos with positive characteristics of development resumption, which however did not originate the seedlings.O ácido γ-aminobutírico (Gaba) é um aminoácido não protéico encontrado em procariontes e eucariontes. Seu papel em plantas ainda não está bem estabelecido. No presente estudo procurou-se quantificar os teores endógenos de Gaba, bem como investigar seu papel nos diferentes estágios da embriogênese somática em Acca sellowiana Berg. (Myrtaceae). Foram empregados embriões zigóticos como explantes e os mesmos foram inoculados em meio de cultura contendo diferentes concentrações de Gaba: 0 (controle), 2, 4, 6, 8 e 10 µM. As maiores concentrações de gaba endógeno foram detectadas no período compreendido entre o 3º e o 9º dia após a inoculação, tendo alcançado, neste último dia, o valor de 12,77 µmol.g-1FW. Alta freqüência de embriogênese somática foi observada em resposta a 10 µM de Gaba. Este tratamento também resultou em grande número de embriões normais, bem como o menor percentual de formação de embriões cupuliformes, característica fenotípica da maioria dos embriões deformados em todos os tratamentos. Em todos os tratamentos ocorreram embriões somáticos que apresentaram características positivas quanto à retomada de desenvolvimento, mas que não resultaram na formação de plântulas.FAPES

Public Health and Racial Inequality: Why the Opportunity Zone Program Fails Low-Income Communities and Costs Lives

“The rich man’s dog gets more in the way of vaccination, medicine and medical care than do the workers upon whom the rich man’s wealth is built. Poor health outcomes are linked to long-standing wealth disparities for people of color in the United States. Wealth inequality has gotten worse over the past decades, despite attempts to improve it. The 2017 Opportunity Zone (OZ) tax program is the federal government’s most recent economic-development intervention. The OZ program provides for low-income census tracts in each state to be designated as “Opportunity Zones” and offers tax benefits for people who make investments in certain types of businesses and properties in OZs. Notwithstanding the bipartisan popularity of the OZ program, this Note reveals why it is largely symbolic and will fall short of its policy goals. Specifically, this Note argues that the OZ program will not increase the income or wealth of OZ community members. In addition to describing the flaws of the program, this Note explains why it should be replaced with economic-development policy that makes direct cash payments to low-income community members. The disparate infection and death rates of COVID-19 on communities of color demonstrate the need for substantive, rather than symbolic, federal economic-development interventions

Prostitution, Space and Urban Life in Eighteenth-Century London and Paris

Life in eighteenth-century London and Paris was inherently chaotic. At the centre of this chaos stood the prostitute: both a figure and a product of the dynamic urban landscape. This thesis compares the issue of prostitution in both Paris and London and uses spatial analysis as a way to further understand collective urban anxieties during this period. Historians of prostitution in the West have already made a case for the toleration of the sex trade throughout the early modern period. Here, I investigate the fragile nature of tolerance and attempt to understand what made prostitution so problematic not only for urban authorities and reformers, but for everyday inhabitants. In addition, I also explore broader institutional and cultural responses to prostitution in order to understand what the prostitute came to represent within the urban environment. Both London and Paris had, as I will demonstrate, dramatically different legal systems and thus varying approaches in how they dealt with the sex trade. One commonality is that both systems had ambiguous approaches to the offence of prostitution. This suggests that tolerance was conditional not only within the small-scale example of the neighbourhood but within the overarching context of both cities’ legal systems. Here, I discuss how the condition of tolerance was based on spatial and sensory awareness especially within the contested space of the urban neighbourhood. Through mapping the sex trade, I demonstrate the fluidity of sex work throughout the urban landscapes of both capitals and show that the sex trade was being increasingly dispersed (albeit somewhat localised) throughout both Paris and London over the course of the eighteenth century. As prostitutes became further dispersed and remained integrated figures of local communities, certain institutions and contemporary commentators sought to separate them out from the rest of honest society. I explore the confinement and imprisonment of former prostitutes throughout which they were expected to adhere to specific spatial practices in order to reform. However, the agency of confined sex workers undermined these practices through their own communal bonds and agency. In addition to being confined to institutions, the prostitute was culturally represented as a series of tropes throughout the course of the period. I compare these tropes in both Paris and London and investigate an overlooked one: prostitution as a disease upon the urban body which contributes to the argument that the anxiety of prostitution was rooted in unsettled feelings about the urban environment itself. Overall, this thesis offers a more complex approach to eighteenth-century sex work and, through the use of spatial and comparative analysis unearths collective sensitivities and anxieties about the chaotic nature of urban life and society

Isolation of Arabidopsis thaliana plants homozygous for an insertional inactivation mutation within atPRP4.

The AtPRP4 gene in Arabidopsis thaliana has been shown to function in several specific parts of the plant’s cell wall. It is shown to be expressed in the seeds, radicles, roots, leaves, inflorescences, and embryos of Arabidopsis thaliana. These patterns have suggested unique functions for ATPRP4 in determining cell-type-specific wall structure during the development of a plant as well as contributing to defense reactions against physical damage to the plant and pathogen infection within the plant. In this study, a simple DNA prep was performed on the true leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana. Subsequent PCR reactions were performed using AtPRP4F/4R, AtPRP4F/Lba1, and AtPRP4F/4R/Lba1 primer combinations. The PCR products were analyzed on 1% (w/v) agarose gels in TAE, visualized by ethidium bromide staining, and imaged with a UVP EC3 imaging system. We expected to identify homozygous plants for a T-DNA insertional mutation. This work is poised to help develop a tool that will grant us the ability to examine the function of AtPRP4 inside specific cell walls as well as uncover any potential phenotypes associated with the loss of this protein found in Arabidopsis thaliana

Überblick über die neueren Arbeiten auf dem Gebiet des Wasserstoff-und Tritiumverhaltens in Hochtemperaturreaktoren

This report comprises the contributions of members of the "Institut für Reaktor-Entwicklung" (IRE) to the "Und Seminar on Hydrogen and Tritium Behaviour in High Temperature Reactors", which was held March 8, 1978, at KFA Jülich. At the beginning the problem is introduced and the investigations at IRE related to this area are presented in their context. Then follow the individual papers on the subjects mentioned. At first the experiences with the operation of the experimental facility AUWARM and the newest results in the current testing program are discussed. Therafter the model investigations with hydrogen and deuterium on the problem of hydrogen- and tritium permeation are reported and a computer program for balancing tritium in pebble-bed-HTRs is described. Last notleast the studies on the behaviour of tritium in matrix graphite and the experiments on primary coolant purification by titanium gettering are shortly communicated. The results given in this report are preliminary informations on the actual status of the current investigations

Síntese de derivados N-acilidrazônicos com potencial atividade antiparasitária

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Físicas e Matemáticas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química.Uma série de N-{[(5-substituído)-furan-2-il]-metilideno}-piridina-2-carboidrazidas funcionalizadas na posição 5 da estrutura com grupos hidroxi-, cloro-, 3,4,5-trimetoxibenzoato- e aminas terciárias procedidas de pirrolidina, dietilamina, morfolina, piperidina, dibenzilamina e diisopropilamina foi preparada em bons rendimentos. Todos os compostos foram caracterizados por espectroscopia de IV, RMN de 1H e de 13C, e análise elementar e tiveram seus pontos de fusão determinados. As N-acilidrazonas com grupos hidroxi- e cloro- foram sintetizadas a partir de reação de condensação entre a hidrazida derivada do ácido picolínico e 5-hidroxi- ou 5-cloro-2-furfural, ambos preparados a partir da frutose. O isomerismo E/Z das N-acilidrazonas foi determinado por RMN de 1H em CDCl3 e em DMSO-d6, cujas ligações de hidrogênio intermoleculares competitivas permitem apenas o isômero E (mais estável) ser detectado. Apenas as moléculas com grupo cloro- e pirrolidinil- apresentaram ambos os isômeros E/Z na proporção 60:40.A series of N-{[5-(substituited)furan-2-yl]methylidene}pyridine-2-carbohydrazides with potencial leishmanicidal and trypanocidal activity functionalized at 5 position of the chain with hydroxy-, chloro-, 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate- and tertiary amines from pyrrolidine, dietylamine, morpholine, piperidine, dibenzylamine and di-isopropylamine were prepared in good yields. All the compounds were confirmed by IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, CHN analysis and had their melting points determined. The hydroxy- and chloro-N-acylhydrazones were synthesized by condensation reaction of picolinic acid hydrazide with 5-hydroxy- or 5-chloromethyl-2-furaldehyde, both previously prepared from fructose. The E/Z isomerism of the N-acylhydrazones was determined by 1H NMR in CDCl3 and in DMSO-d6, and in most cases the competitive intermolecular hydrogen bonds favor the formation of the less hindered E-isome. Only compounds with chloro- and pyrrolidinyl- substituted groups showed both E/Z- isomers in a 60:40 ratio

LESÕES FIBRO - ÓSSEAS BENIGNAS DOS MAXILARES: UMA REVISÃO HISTÓRICA BENIGN FIBRO-OSSEOUS LESION OF THE JAWS: A HISTORICAL REVIEW

O termo lesão fibro-óssea benigna, apesar de muitoutilizado, não representa um diagnóstico, mas um processobiológico semelhante em diversas lesões. O presente artigofaz uma ampla revisão bibliográfica sobre como este termosurgiu e chama atenção para a problemática do diagnóstico e classificação das lesões constituintes deste grupo

Sobre continuidade de formas bilineares no espaço das sucessões limitadas

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 1982

Impacto do processo formativo na trajetória laboral de jovens mestrandos(as): Necessidades de orientação educativa

This research aimed to analyze the impact of the training process on the work trajectory of young students of the Master of Education, from a community university in southern Brazil and the needs for educational guidance. It aimed fundamentally to contribute to the academic and labor transition processes of young master's students. The methodology was of qualitative approach and the data collection took place through semi-structured questionnaires and individual interviews. The analysis technique was systematized by content analysis. Expectations reinforce the desire of these students to invest in qualification, as the project is to achieve a doctorate and most want to continue their studies in order to be inserted as a teacher in higher education in the future. The biggest difficulty is the time when reconciling education and work, sometimes leads us to think about dropping out of the course.Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar el impacto del proceso de capacitación en la trayectoria laboral de los jóvenes estudiantes de la Maestría en Educación, de una universidad comunitaria en el sur de Brasil, y las necesidades de orientación educativa. Su objetivo fundamental era contribuir a los procesos de transición académica y laboral de los jóvenes estudiantes de máster. La metodología fue acercarse cualitativa y la recolección de datos se realizó mediante cuestionario semiestructurado y entrevista individual. La técnica de análisis fue sistematizada por análisis de contenido. Las expectativas refuerzan el deseo de estos estudiantes de invertir en calificación, ya que el proyecto es lograr un doctorado y la mayoría desea continuar sus estudios para insertarse como maestro en la educación superior en el futuro. La mayor dificultad es el momento en que la conciliación de la educación y el trabajo, qué, a veces, lleva a pensar en abandonar el curso.A presente pesquisa objetivou analisar o impacto da formação continuada na trajetória laboral de jovens estudantes do Mestrado em Educação, de uma universidade comunitária no sul do Brasil, e as necessidades de orientação educativa. A metodologia foi de abordagem qualitativa e a coleta dos dados ocorreu por meio de questionário semiestruturado e entrevista individual. A técnica de análise foi sistematizada pela análise de conteúdo. As expectativas reforçam o desejo desses estudantes em investir na qualificação profissional, pois o projeto é alcançar um doutorado e a maioria quer prosseguir os estudos para futuramente se inserir como docente no ensino superior. A maior dificuldade anunciada pelos(as) mestrandos(as) foi a possibilidade de conciliar educação e trabalho, o que, às vezes, leva a pensar em abandonar o curso