A molecular-based identification resource for the arthropods of Finland

Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Authors. Molecular Ecology Resources published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.To associate specimens identified by molecular characters to other biological knowledge, we need reference sequences annotated by Linnaean taxonomy. In this study, we (1) report the creation of a comprehensive reference library of DNA barcodes for the arthropods of an entire country (Finland), (2) publish this library, and (3) deliver a new identification tool for insects and spiders, as based on this resource. The reference library contains mtDNA COI barcodes for 11,275 (43%) of 26,437 arthropod species known from Finland, including 10,811 (45%) of 23,956 insect species. To quantify the improvement in identification accuracy enabled by the current reference library, we ran 1000 Finnish insect and spider species through the Barcode of Life Data system (BOLD) identification engine. Of these, 91% were correctly assigned to a unique species when compared to the new reference library alone, 85% were correctly identified when compared to BOLD with the new material included, and 75% with the new material excluded. To capitalize on this resource, we used the new reference material to train a probabilistic taxonomic assignment tool, FinPROTAX, scoring high success. For the full-length barcode region, the accuracy of taxonomic assignments at the level of classes, orders, families, subfamilies, tribes, genera, and species reached 99.9%, 99.9%, 99.8%, 99.7%, 99.4%, 96.8%, and 88.5%, respectively. The FinBOL arthropod reference library and FinPROTAX are available through the Finnish Biodiversity Information Facility (www.laji.fi) at https://laji.fi/en/theme/protax. Overall, the FinBOL investment represents a massive capacity-transfer from the taxonomic community of Finland to all sectors of society.Peer reviewe

A molecular-based identification resource for the arthropods of Finland

To associate specimens identified by molecular characters to other biological knowledge, we need reference sequences annotated by Linnaean taxonomy. In this study, we (1) report the creation of a comprehensive reference library of DNA barcodes for the arthropods of an entire country (Finland), (2) publish this library, and (3) deliver a new identification tool for insects and spiders, as based on this resource. The reference library contains mtDNA COI barcodes for 11,275 (43%) of 26,437 arthropod species known from Finland, including 10,811 (45%) of 23,956 insect species. To quantify the improvement in identification accuracy enabled by the current reference library, we ran 1000 Finnish insect and spider species through the Barcode of Life Data system (BOLD) identification engine. Of these, 91% were correctly assigned to a unique species when compared to the new reference library alone, 85% were correctly identified when compared to BOLD with the new material included, and 75% with the new material excluded. To capitalize on this resource, we used the new reference material to train a probabilistic taxonomic assignment tool, FinPROTAX, scoring high success. For the full-length barcode region, the accuracy of taxonomic assignments at the level of classes, orders, families, subfamilies, tribes, genera, and species reached 99.9%, 99.9%, 99.8%, 99.7%, 99.4%, 96.8%, and 88.5%, respectively. The FinBOL arthropod reference library and FinPROTAX are available through the Finnish Biodiversity Information Facility (www.laji.fi) at https://laji.fi/en/theme/protax. Overall, the FinBOL investment represents a massive capacity-transfer from the taxonomic community of Finland to all sectors of society.</p

Walked in with Boerhaave's…

Boerhaave's syndrome is a transmural rupture of the oesopahgus. It is a rarer, and less well described complication of forceful emesis. The more common complication being a non‐transmural Mallory‐Weiss tear. Boerhaave's is the most lethal perforation of the GI tract and has a mortality rate between 10 and 50%

Consumer purchase behaviour of sports compression garments - A study of Generation Y and Baby Boomer cohorts

The growing trend to live a healthier lifestyle and increase quality of life is important for sportswear marketers worldwide. This study applied generational cohort theory to compare the consumer purchase behaviour of Generation Y and Baby Boomer cohorts with regard to sports compression garments. In this research, a simulation study was carried out in Germany, using eye-tracking technology. The study focused on understanding of consumer behaviour with respect to factors such as comfort, quality, technical attributes and methods of product promotion. It was found that Baby Boomers gave more attention to factors of quality and garment comfort, while Generation Y subjects were more interested in the aesthetic appeal of the garments as well as the technical information provided on the packaging and hang tags

Consumer behavior of generational cohorts for compression sportswear

Purpose -The purpose of this paper is to understand the difference in purchase decision behavior of compression sportswear by Baby Boomers and Generation Y. Design/methodology/approach - Two methods were used for data collection: a simulation study with 17 Baby Boomers and 23 Generation Y subjects using eye-tracking technology; and a questionnaire from a sample of 82 Baby Boomers and 84 Generation Y consumers. Findings - Generation Y are more inquisitive and focus greatly on technical information. Baby Boomers are more confident with their choices, taking a shorter time to reach a purchase decision; they are more concerned with aspects that protect the wearer. Research limitations/implications - Limited demographic information was collected from participants in the simulation study, further research is required in this area. Practical implications - This study provides important insights into the purchase decision behavior of Baby Boomers and Generation Y for compression sportswear. By providing better understanding of some of the key drivers for purchase decisions it enables marketers to develop more effective marketing plans to engage with these important consumer groups. Social implications - The focus and findings of this study provide further understanding of the motivations of two significant consumer cohorts. This study provides further momentum to the body of cohort research already available. Originality/value - This study addresses a gap in literature with reference to the comparison of consumer behavior of generational cohorts when purchasing compression sportswear. Findings can be applied in other areas of sportswear and to other countries

NiO hybrid nanoarchitecture-based pseudocapacitor in organic electrolyte with high rate capability and cycle life

A 3D hierarchical NiO nanostructures with combined microstructure of nanoflakes and nanoflowers have been fabricated on carbon fibre cloth (CFC). Unique nano-micro structural features of NiO/CFC electrode showed an enhanced electrochemical activity in organic electrolyte (1 M tetraethylammonium tetrafluorborate (TEABF4) in propylene carbonate) in terms of rate capability, specific energy and power performance as well as potential limit. The electrode showed a specific capacitance of 170 Fg−1 for a current density of 5 Ag−1. Configured as a two-electrode symmetric supercapacitor, the device showed a specific capacitance of 34.9 Fg−1 at 1 Ag−1 current density. It delivered a maximum specific energy density of 19.4 Wh kg−1 at a high power density of 1002.8 W kg−1 at a constant current density of 1 Ag−1. The cell is also capable of long-term cycling stability with an efficiency of 58 % after 25,000 cycles with a potential window of 0 to ±2 V. This superior electrochemical activity of the NiO electrode is due to their structural benefits of well-connected hybrid nano/mesoporous structure and rapid ion intercalation within the porous electrode surface

NiO hybrid nanoarchitecture-based pseudocapacitor in organic electrolyte with high rate capability and cycle life

A 3D hierarchical NiO nanostructures with combined microstructure of nanoflakes and nanoflowers have been fabricated on carbon fibre cloth (CFC). Unique nano-micro structural features of NiO/CFC electrode showed an enhanced electrochemical activity in organic electrolyte (1 M tetraethylammonium tetrafluorborate (TEABF4) in propylene carbonate) in terms of rate capability, specific energy and power performance as well as potential limit. The electrode showed a specific capacitance of 170 Fg−1 for a current density of 5 Ag−1. Configured as a two-electrode symmetric supercapacitor, the device showed a specific capacitance of 34.9 Fg−1 at 1 Ag−1 current density. It delivered a maximum specific energy density of 19.4 Wh kg−1 at a high power density of 1002.8 W kg−1 at a constant current density of 1 Ag−1. The cell is also capable of long-term cycling stability with an efficiency of 58 % after 25,000 cycles with a potential window of 0 to ±2 V. This superior electrochemical activity of the NiO electrode is due to their structural benefits of well-connected hybrid nano/mesoporous structure and rapid ion intercalation within the porous electrode surface

Silver molybdate: an excellent optical limiting material under nanoregime for photonic device application

Abstract There is a mounting demand for nonlinear optical materials with superior optical limiting performance which has a noticeable impact on protecting the delicate optical components from laser-induced damage. Transition metal molybdates have garnered attention in the nonlinear optics field due to their outstanding optical and luminescent properties, which give rise to widespread applications in next-generation optoelectronics devices. The structural confirmation of the as prepared silver molybdate nanoparticles were made by XRD and Raman spectroscopy analysis. The linear optical properties and the band gap of the synthesized material were studied using UV–Visible and photoluminescence spectroscopy. SEM analysis revealed the pebble like morphology of the silver molybdate nanostructures. The nonlinear responses of the samples were studied using open aperture z-scan approach with Nd:YAG pulsed laser (532 nm, 9 ns, 10 Hz). The sample exhibits reverse saturable absorption pattern attributed to the two photon absorption (2PA) mechanism. The obtained OL threshold value is in the order of 1012 which is suitable for fabricating optical limiters in nano second pulsed laser regime

Enhanced Optical Nonlinearity in Bi³⁺-Doped CePO₄ Nanostructures for Optical Limiting Applications

Pure and Bi3+-doped CePO4 were synthesized by the simple co-precipitation method. Successful dopant incorporation into the host lattice of orthophosphate without altering the crystalline structure was confirmed by structure analysis, X-ray diffraction, and Raman characterization. Morphological investigation was done using HR-SEM which portrays the co-existence of nanospheres and nanorods in doped CePO4 and only nanospheres in pure CePO4. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies confirm the +3 oxidation state of Ce3+ and Bi3+ with the presence of a trace amount of Ce4+ in the as-prepared nanoparticles. Vibration sample magnetometer studies show weak ferromagnetic behavior of the nanostructures at room temperature. The absorption band in the wavelength range 200–300 nm accounts for 4f–5d electronic transition, and a red shift in the band edge is due to the increase in the band gap with the addition of the dopant. Photoluminescence emission spectra show broad blue-green emission owing to transition of Ce3+ from the excited state to the ground state and also due to oxygen vacancy. The nonlinear optical absorption and optical limiting (OL) behaviors of Bi3+-doped cerium orthophosphate (CePO4) were investigated using an open-aperture (OA) Z-scan technique under an excitation source of 532 nm nanopulsed lasers. The recorded OA transmittance curve reveals a transition from saturable absorption to reverse saturable absorption in pure CePO4 at 2.46 GW/m2, whereas all the doped samples exhibit RSA attributed to 2PA. The increase in the nonlinear absorption (NLA) coefficient with on-axis intensity and the availability of the near resonant energy state due to the Bi3+ dopant ensure the sequential 2PA (1PA + ESA) phenomenon. Compared to pure CePO4, doped nanostructures show improved NLA coefficients due to the availability of the defect state and oxygen vacancies in Bi3+-doped CePO4. Interestingly, a lower OL threshold (OLT) of 0.14 × 10–13 W/m2 is observed in 0.3% Bi3+-doped CePO4. The lower OLT value of Bi3+-doped CePO4 ensures its potential candidature for OL applications in protecting optical sensors and human eyes

Experimentation and 5G KPI measurements in the 5GENESIS platforms

The adoption of 5G has recently picked up pace and across the globe commercial deployments are more and more numerous. In addition to better performance, 5G brings, among others, management and operation flexibility, thus allowing industry verticals to exploit features of the telecommunication networks that go far beyondthe new mobile access capabilities. As with any new technology, the integration, testing and validation of new vertical applications pose great challenges at both management and operational levels. In this context, there is an evident need for 5G infrastructure facilities that offer testing and validation capabilities through aflexible experimentation framework. This paper presents the 5GENESIS EU-funded research project Experimentation Facility and the results of the validation campaigns conducted in its five experimentation platforms. The tests and obtained results were facilitated by the 5GENESIS Suite, an open-source framework providing testautomation and result analytics