Hubungan Gaya Kepemimpinan Direktur Rumah Sakit dengan Kinerja Pegawai di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kota Baubau Tahun 2016

Gaya kepemimipinan adalah suatu cara yang digunakan oleh seorang pemimpin dalam mempengaruhi perilaku orang lain. Kepemimpinan merupakan salah satu indikator kualitassumber daya manusia yang sangat menentukan keberhasilan suatu organisasi seperti rumahsakit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Hubungan gaya kepemimpinan Direkturrumah sakit dengan kinerja pegawai di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kota Baubau tahun 2016.penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan metode cross sectional study.Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua petugas yang berada dalam lingkup Rumah SakitUmum Daerah Kota Baubau yang berjumlah 232 orang terkecuali Direktur RSUD. PenarikanSampel menggunakan tehnik purposive sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan denganmenggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan komputer program SPSS dengan uji Chisquarepada tingkat kepercayaan 95% (α=0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa adahubungan yang signifikan antara gaya kepemimpinan otokratis dengan kinerja pegawai(ρ=0,021), dan gaya kepemimpinan demokratis dengan kinerja pegawai (ρ=0,000), sedangkantidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara gaya kepemimpinan laizzes-faires dengan kinerjapegawai (ρ=0,8)

Global trends in adolescents\u27 road traffic injury mortality, 1990-2019

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the trends of road traffic injury (RTI) mortality among adolescents aged 10-14 years and 15-19 years across different country income levels with respect to the type of road users from 1990 to 2019.Methods: We conducted an ecological study. Adolescents\u27 mortality rates from RTIs at the level of high-income countries (HICs), upper-income to middle-income countries (UMICs), lower-income to middle-income countries and low-income countries were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease study. Time series were plotted to visualise the trends in mortality rates over the years. We also conducted Poisson regression using road traffic mortality rates as the dependent variable and year as the independent variable to model the trend of the change in the annual mean mortality rate, with incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% CIs.Results: There were downward mortality trends in all types of road users and income levels among adolescents from 1990 to 2019. HICs had more pronounced reductions in mortality rates than countries of any other income level. For example, the reduction in pedestrians in HICs was IRR 0.94 (95% CI 0.90 to 0.98), while that in UMICs was IRR 0.97 (95% CI 0.95 to 0.99) in adolescents aged 10-14 years.Conclusions: There are downward trends in RTI mortality in adolescents from 1990 to 2019 globally at all income levels for all types of road users. The decrease in mortality rates is small but a promising finding. However, prevention efforts should be continued as the burden is still high

School-based injury outcomes in children from a low-income setting: results from the pilot injury surveillance in Rawalpindi city, Pakistan

Background School-based injuries account for one in five unintentional childhood injuries. Little is known about the epidemiology of school-based injuries in low-income settings. The objective of our study was to compare emergency department (ED) outcomes of the school-based injuries with respect to age, sex, and injury mechanisms in a Pakistani urban setting. Findings A pilot injury surveillance study was conducted at the EDs of three major tertiary-care hospitals of Rawalpindi city from July 2007 to June 2008 and included children of less than 15 years injured at school. The World Health Organization’s questionnaire for injury surveillance was used. There were 923 school injury cases. Mean age of children involved was 8.3 years (SD ± 3.3) with male female ratio 2.9:1. Most injuries occurred while playing 85.6% (n = 789); of which the most common mechanism was falls (n = 797, 86.4%). Nineteen of twenty cases were directly discharged home from the ED (N = 861). Compared to ED discharged cases, injury characteristics overrepresented in hospital admitted cases (n = 46) were age 10–14 years (65.2% vs. 40.9%, p = 0.005), male (88.6% vs. 25.9%), involved in educational activities (39.1% vs. 5.3%), injured from fire/heat (37.8% vs. 0.6%), had burns (39.5% vs. 0.9%) and head injuries (27.9% vs. 6.4%). Conclusion Falls while playing are the commonest injury mechanism in school-based injuries reported in our ED sample. School officials need to prevent these injuries. Studying injury hazards present in school environment in Pakistan might facilitate developing specific prevention strategies

Agronomic Performance of Some Promising Sunflower Hybrids grown under Agro-climatic Conditions of Malakand Division

Studies were carried out on various local sunflower hybrids at Agriculture Research Institute Mingora, Swat to find out the most suitable and high yielding hybrids for its successful cultivation throughout Malakand division. Based on yield and yield components data, it was concluded that hybrids C341/R344 and C300/R368 are high yielding hybrids in this area. It is therefore suggested that these hybrids may be recommended for commercial cultivation in Malakand division

PEMANFAATAN VIDEO PEMBELAJARAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA FISIKA KELAS VIII MTS AINUL YAQIN KOTA JAMBI

Penelitin ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa Fisika pada pokok bahasan Cahaya dan Optik siswa kelas VIII MTS di Ponpes Ainul Yaqin Kota Jambi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian Tindakan Kelas ( Classroom Action Reseach ) yang dilaksanakan dalam tiga siklus. Tiap siklus diawali dengan tahap persiapan dan tahap pelaksanaan yang terdiri dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, evaluasi dan refleksi. Subjek peneltian adalah semua siswa kelas VIII MTS Ainul Yaqin Kota Jambi sebanyak 26 siswa yang di khususkan pada materi Cahaya dan Optik. Data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan lembar observasi aktivitas siswa dan lembar observasi aktivitas Guru selama pelaksanaan pembelajaran. Teknik analisis data yang disimpulkan bahwa hasil belajar siswa kelas VIII MTS Ainul Yaqin Kota Jambi dapat di tingkatkan dengan cara menerapkan model pembeljaran Kooperatif Student Teams Achievement ( STAD ), dengan bantuan animasi video pembelajaran untuk menampilkan materi, sehingga kelihatan seperti nyata dan menarik. Dengan menerapkan Student Teams Achievement Division ( STAD ), siswa dituntut untuk bisa bekerjasama dengan orang lain, siswa juga dilatih untuk bisa bertanggung jawab terhadap diskusi kelompoknya. Proses diskusi yang berlangsung membuat siswa lebih aktif dalam mengemukakan pendapat, bertanya, maupun menjawab pertanyaan. Ketuntasan belajar siswa yang meningkat hasil belajar siswa juga meningkat. Penerapan pembelajaran kooperatif dengan metode Student teams achievemen Division ( STAD ) dengan bantuan media animasi video pembelajaran dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar fisika siswa kelas VIII MTS Ainul Yaqin Kota Jambi pada materi Cahaya dan Optik. Hal ini dapat dilihat dalam pelaksanaan tes siklus I, tes siklus II dan tes siklus III. Hasil tes kognitif belajar yang diperoleh siswa sebelum tindakan dengan nilai rata-rata 60,38 dan presentase keberhasilan siswa 15,38%. Setelah diadakan setiap siklus mengalami peningkatan, yaitu pada siklus I dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 68,07 dan presentase keberhasilannya adalah 30,76%. Pada siklus II dengan nilai rata-rata 75 dan presentase keberhasilnnya adalah 57,69%. Siklis ke III terjadi peningkatan dengan nilai rata-rata 84,61 presentase keberhasilannya adala 84,61%. Setelah pelaskasanaan siklus I,II dan III, angka keberhasilan siswa ini menunjukkan bahwa tindakan yang dilakukan telah berhasil dan tidak perlu dilanjutkan lagi. Hasil penelitian ini dapat digu nakan untuk mengusahakan upaya bersama antara guru, orang tua dan siswa dalam meningkatkan hasil dan proses belajara siswa secara maksimal. Pembelajaran kooperatif Student Teams Achieveen Division ( STAD ) dengan bantuan video animasi pembelajaran dapat diterapkan pada kegiatan belajar siswa MTS kelas VIII Ainul Yaqin Kota Jambi untuk meningkatkan kualitas proses dan hasil belajar siswa pada materi Cahaya dan Opti

Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Inquiri Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Generik Sains Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran Ipa Fisika Di MTs Asas Islamiyah Sipin Kota Jambi

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan keterampilan generik sains siswa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran inquiri. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) dengan 2 siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri dari 4 tahapan, tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah kelas VII MTs Asas Islamiyah Sipin Kota Jambi dengan jumlah 15 siswa. Data dikumpulkan melalui teknik non tes yaitu lembar observasi dan teknik tes berupa keterampilan generik sains. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran inquiri dapat meningkatkan keterampilan generik sains siswa kelas VII di MTs Asas Islamiyah Sipin Kota Jambi pada materi Tata Surya. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari peningkatan hasil keterampilan generik sains siswa sebesar 16,72% dari siklus I ke siklus II , Ragam indikator pengamatan tak langsung dengan presentase 83,3% kategori tinggi, indikator kesadaran tentang skala dengan presentase 73,3% kategori sedang, indikator bahasa simbolik dengan presentase 86,6% kategori tinggi, hukum sebab akibat dengan presentase 73,3% kategori sedang dan pemodelan dengan presentase 66,6% kategori sedang. Secara keseluruhan skor rata-rata pada ragam indikator keterampilan generik sains yang dinilai berdasarkan tes pilihan ganda meningkat sebesar 16,72% yaitu yang semula 45,9%, menjadi 59,9% pada siklus I dalam kategori rendah, menjadi 76,62% pada siklus II dalam kategori sedang setelah diberi tindakan berupa pelaksanaan pembelajaran menggunakan model pembelajaran inquiri. Hasil lembar observasi aktivitas guru meningkat dari skor 76,4 kategori baik menjadi 95,2 kategori sangat baik. Hasil lembar observasi siswa meningkat dari skor 66,6 kategori baik menjadi 91,2 kategori sangat baik. Setelah pelaksanaan siklus I dan siklus II angka keberhasilan keterampilan generik sains siswa ini menunjukan bahwa tindakan yang dilakukan telah berhasil dan tidak perlu dilanjutkan ke tindakan berikutnya

Evaluation of Prunus domestica gum as a novel tablet binder

To evaluate binding potential of Prunus domestica gum in tablets formulations. Six tablet batches (F-1B to F-6B) were prepared by wet granulation method, containing Avicel pH 101 as diluent, sodium diclofenac as model drug using 10, 15 and 20 mg of Prunus domestica gum as binder and PVP K30 was used as standard binder. Magnesium stearate was used as lubricant. Flow properties of granules like bulk density, tapped density, Carr index, Hausner’s ratio, angle of repose as well as physical parameters of the compressed tablets including hardness, friability, thickness and disintegration time were determined and found to be satisfactory. The FTIR spectroscopic analysis showed that the formulation containing plant gum is compatible with the drug and other excipients used in tablets formulation. Hence the plant gum has role as a potential binder in tablets formulations. The dissolution profile showed that tablets formulations containing Prunus domestica gum 15 mg/200 mg of total weight of tablet as binder showed better results as compared to PVP K30.Para avaliar a propriedade aglutinante da goma Prunus domestica em formulações de comprimidos, seis lotes (F-1B para F-6B) foram preparados pelo método de granulação úmida, contendo Avicel pH 101 como diluente e diclofenaco de sódio como fármaco modelo, usando 10, 15 e 20 mg de goma de Prunus domestica como agente aglutinante e PVP K30 como aglutinante padrão. O estearato de magnésio foi utilizado como lubrificante. Propriedades de fluxo dos grânulos, como a densidade, índice de Carr, razão de Hausner, ângulo de repouso, bem como parâmetros físicos dos comprimidos, incluindo o tempo de dureza, friabilidade, espessura e desintegração foram determinados e se mostraram satisfatórios. A análise espectroscópica no FTIR mostrou que a formulação contendo goma vegetal é compatível com o fármaco e outros excipientes utilizados na formulação dos comprimidos. Assim, a goma vegetal tem papel potencial como aglutinante em formulações de comprimidos. O perfil de dissolução das formulações que contêm 15 mg/200 mg do peso total do comprimido em goma de Prunus domestica como aglutinante mostrou melhores resultados comparativamente ao PVP K30

Heat emergencies: Perceptions and practices of community members and emergency department healthcare providers in Karachi, Pakistan: A qualitative study

Heat waves are the second leading cause of weather-related morbidity and mortality affecting millions of individuals globally, every year. The aim of this study was to understand the perceptions and practices of community residents and healthcare professionals with respect to identification and treatment of heat emergencies. A qualitative study was conducted using focus group discussions and in-depth interviews, with the residents of an urban squatter settlement, community health workers, and physicians and nurses working in the emergency departments of three local hospitals in Karachi. Data was analyzed using content analysis. The themes that emerged were (1) perceptions of the community on heat emergencies; (2) recognition and early treatment at home; (3) access and quality of care in the hospital; (4) recognition and treatment at the health facility; (5) facility level plan; (6) training. Community members were able to recognize dehydration as a heat emergency. Males, elderly, and school-going children were considered at high risk for heat emergencies. The timely treatment of heat emergencies was widely linked with availability of financial resources. Limited availability of water, electricity, and open public spaces were identified as risk factors for heat emergencies. Home based remedies were reported as the preferred practice for treatment by community members. Both community members and healthcare professionals were cognizant of recognizing heat related emergencies

Childhood Unintentional Injuries: Need for a Community-Based Home Injury Risk Assessments in Pakistan

Background. A substantial proportion of the annual 875,000 childhood unintentional injury deaths occur in the home. Very few printed tools are available in South Asia for disseminating home injury prevention information. Methods. Three tools were planned: an injury hazard assessment tool appropriate for a developing country setting, an educational pamphlet highlighting strategies for reducing home injury hazards, and an in-home safety tutorial program to be delivered by a trained community health worker. Results. The three tools were successfully developed. Two intervention neighborhoods in Karachi, Pakistan, were mapped. The tools were pretested in this local setting and are now ready for pilot testing in an intervention study. Conclusion. Planning for an innovative, community-based pilot study takes considerable time and effort in a low-income setting like Pakistan. The primary outcome of the pre-testing phase of the study was the development of three important tools geared for low-income housing communities in Pakistan