EDUCAÇÃO MATEMÁTICA PARA E COM IDOSOS EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA

O projeto de extensão Conversas Matemáticas desenvolve atividades pedagógicas envolvendo matemática para e com pessoas idosas na Universidade Federal de Alfenas. Neste artigo, abordamos novas formas de ser e compor um projeto extensionista em tempos de pandemia, considerando o desenvolvimento do Conversas Matemáticas no ano pandêmico de 2020, bem como as avaliações das participantes sobre o projeto e as expectativas em relação à edição de 2021 do projeto. Em 2020, a equipe elaborou e desenvolveu vinte atividades remotamente para e com dezessete idosas, utilizando um grupo de Whatsapp para as interações e a entrega de atividades em domicílio, via correio. Também foram realizadas ligações de áudio para manter o contato com as idosas e para conversar sobre as vivências pessoais delas durante a pandemia. Como resultado, as participantes apontam a importância do projeto, que possibilitou que elas se mantivessem ativas e permitiu o senso de pertencimento ao grupo, proporcionando alegria e aprendizado. Além disso, as idosas destacaram aspectos relevantes para a execução do projeto em 2021, com interesse pela continuidade das atividades. Concluímos que o projeto tem impactado positivamente a vida das idosas, viabilizando a inclusão social e a interação dialógica

EDUCAÇÃO MATEMÁTICA PARA E COM IDOSOS EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA

O projeto de extensão Conversas Matemáticas desenvolve atividades pedagógicas envolvendo matemática para e com pessoas idosas na Universidade Federal de Alfenas. Neste artigo, abordamos novas formas de ser e compor um projeto extensionista em tempos de pandemia, considerando o desenvolvimento do Conversas Matemáticas no ano pandêmico de 2020, bem como as avaliações das participantes sobre o projeto e as expectativas em relação à edição de 2021 do projeto. Em 2020, a equipe elaborou e desenvolveu vinte atividades remotamente para e com dezessete idosas, utilizando um grupo de Whatsapp para as interações e a entrega de atividades em domicílio, via correio. Também foram realizadas ligações de áudio para manter o contato com as idosas e para conversar sobre as vivências pessoais delas durante a pandemia. Como resultado, as participantes apontam a importância do projeto, que possibilitou que elas se mantivessem ativas e permitiu o senso de pertencimento ao grupo, proporcionando alegria e aprendizado. Além disso, as idosas destacaram aspectos relevantes para a execução do projeto em 2021, com interesse pela continuidade das atividades. Concluímos que o projeto tem impactado positivamente a vida das idosas, viabilizando a inclusão social e a interação dialógica

Guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment for acute promyelocytic leukemia: Associacao Brasileira de Hematologia, Hemoterapia e Terapia Celular Guidelines Project: Associacao Medica Brasileira - 2013

Universidade Estadual de CampinasUniversidade de São PauloUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Universidade de BrasiliaUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisUniversidade Federal de PernambucoUNIFESP, EPMSciEL

Association Between Periodontitis and Cognitive Impairment in Adults: A Systematic Review

Periodontitis is an oral inflammatory disease and may contribute to low-grade systemic inflammation. Based on the contribution of periodontitis to systemic inflammation and the potential role of systemic inflammation in neuroinflammation, many epidemiological studies have investigated a possible association between periodontitis and mild cognitive impairment or dementia. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical/epidemiological evidence regarding the association between periodontitis and cognitive decline in adult patients. A search conducted between September and October 2018 was performed in the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, LILACS, OpenGrey, and Google Scholar, with no publication date or language restrictions. Analytical observational studies in adults (P—Participants), with (E—Exposure) and without periodontitis (C—Comparison) were included in order to determine the association between periodontitis and cognitive decline (O—Outcome). The search identified 509 references, of which eight observational studies were accorded with the eligibility criteria and evaluated. The results should, however, be interpreted cautiously due to the limited number of studies. This systematic review points to the need for further well-designed studies, such as longitudinal observational studies with control of modifiable variables, as diagnostic criteria and time since diagnosis of periodontitis and cognitive impairment, to confirm the proposed association

Heterofucan from Sargassum filipendula Induces Apoptosis in HeLa Cells

Fucan is a term used to denominate a family of sulfated polysaccharides rich in sulfated l-fucose. Heterofucan SF-1.5v was extracted from the brown seaweed Sargassum filipendula by proteolytic digestion followed by sequential acetone precipitation. This fucan showed antiproliferative activity on Hela cells and induced apoptosis. However, SF-1.5v was not able to activate caspases. Moreover, SF-1.5v induced glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) activation, but this protein is not involved in the heterofucan SF-1.5v induced apoptosis mechanism. In addition, ERK, p38, p53, pAKT and NFκB were not affected by the presence of SF-1.5v. We determined that SF-1.5v induces apoptosis in HeLa mainly by mitochondrial release of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) into cytosol. In addition, SF-1.5v decreases the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and increased expression of apoptogenic protein Bax. These results are significant in that they provide a mechanistic framework for further exploring the use of SF-1.5v as a novel chemotherapeutics against human cervical cancer

Association between respiratory diseases and molar-incisor hypomineralization: A systematic review and meta-analysis

The molar-incisor permineralização (MIH) is a qualitative enamel developing abnormality involving the occlusal and/or incisal third of one or more molars or permanent incisors, caused by systemic factors. Several systemic disorders and environmental factors, such as respiratory diseases, have been reported as probable causes of MIH. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate whether respiratory diseases and MIH are associated. The searches were carried out in electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, LILACS, OpenGrey, and Google Scholar. The acronym PECO was used, in which the P (population) was humans in permanent dentition stage; (E-exposure) molar-incisor hypomineralization; (C-comparison) reference population and (O - outcome) respiratory diseases. After the search retrieval, the duplicates were removed, and the articles were evaluated by title and abstract; then, the papers were read and thoroughly assessed. After selection, the risk of bias assessment was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for observational studies. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) tool was used to assess the level of evidence. Three thousand six hundred and sixty six were found through the searches. After exclusion by duplicates, title, abstract, and full-reading, 13 articles remained. The articles included in this review evaluated the association of MIH with asthma, tonsilitis, pneumonia, and bronchitis. Most reports showed a low risk of bias. When exploring through GRADE, a very low level of evidence was found. We observed that the included studies showed that children with MIH had more respiratory diseases than the group that did not have MIH.Systematic review registrationhttps://osf.io/un76d

Clinical features and outcomes of 134 Brazilians with acute promyelocytic leukemia who received ATRA and anthracyclines

We report an increased incidence of high relapse risk features in 157 APL Brazilian patients. Out of 134 patients treated with ATRA and anthracyclines, only 91 (67.9%) achieved remission because 43 (32%) died during induction. the death rate during consolidation was 10.5%. Bleeding complications were the most frequent cause of failure (21.6%).Med Sch Riberao Preto, Dept Internal Med, Ribeirao Preto, BrazilHosp Amaral Carvalho, Bone Marrow Transplantat Unit, Jau, BrazilUniv Fed Minas Gerais, Hematol Serv, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilSanta Casa São Paulo, Hematol Serv, São Paulo, BrazilFundacao Pio XII Barretos, Barretos, BrazilClin Hematol Riberao Preto, Ribeirao Preto, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Hematol & Hemotherapy, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Estadual Campinas, Hemoctr, Campinas, BrazilSt Jude Childrens Hosp, Internal Outreach Program, Memphis, TN USAUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Hematol & Hemotherapy, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

O uso dos operadores como estratégia de busca em revisões de literatura científica

Introduction: In view of the exponential increase in the production of scientific knowledge and the notorious need to employ an objective selection, capable of filtering studies that hold the categories of analysis used in scientific research, it appears that the use of different resources of search contribute to the effectiveness of the research carried out. Objective: To present the main Boolean operators and the search terms, exposing how they can be used by researchers, aiming at the quality of scientific production. Material and Method: For this purpose, a bibliographic review was carried out. Literature Review: It is highlighted that: the Boolean operators AND, OR and NOT or AND NOT, are connectors used to combine the search terms of interest; truncation uses special characters, especially the asterisk (*), the dollar sign ($) and the question mark, whose use varies according to the search platform; and the search keywords help in finding materials consistent with the themes investigated insofar as they are constituted from a specific and standardized vocabulary within the scientific environment. Final Considerations: It is suggested that new studies be carried out, where different review methodologies are employed, aiming at expanding the questions.Introdução: À face do exponencial aumento na produção de conhecimentos científicos e da notória necessidade de empregar-se uma seleção objetiva, capaz de filtrar os estudos que detenham as categorias de análise utilizadas na investigação científica, depreende-se que os empregos de diferentes recursos de busca contribuem para a eficácia das pesquisas realizadas. Objetivo: Apresentar os principais operadores booleanos e os unitermos de busca, expondo como eles podem ser utilizados pelos pesquisadores, visando a qualidade da produção científica. Material e Método: Para tanto, realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica. Revisão de Literatura: Destaca-se que: os operadores booleanos AND, OR e NOT ou AND NOT, são conectores utilizados para combinar os termos de interesse da pesquisa; no truncamento utiliza-se de caracteres especiais, sobretudo o asterisco (*), o cifrão ($) e o ponto de interrogação, cujo uso variam de acordo com a plataforma de pesquisa; e os unitermos de busca auxiliam no encontro de materiais condizentes com as temáticas investigadas na medida em constituem-se a partir de um vocabulário próprio e padronizado dentro do meio científico. Considerações Finais: Sugere-se a realização de novos estudos, onde diferentes metodologias de revisão sejam empregadas, visando a ampliação das questões apresentadas

Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities of Heterofucans from the Seaweed Sargassum filipendula

Fucan is a term used to denominate a type of polysaccharide which contains substantial percentages of l-fucose and sulfate ester groups. We obtained five heterofucans from Sargassum filipendula by proteolytic digestion followed by sequential acetone precipitation. These heterofucans are composed mainly of fucose, glucose, glucuronic acid, galactose and sulfate. These fucans did not show anticoagulant activity in PT and aPTT tests. Their antioxidant activity was evaluated using the follow tests; total antioxidant capacity, scavenging hydroxyl and superoxide radicals, reducing power and ferrous ion [Fe(II)] chelating. All heterofucans displayed considerable activity, especially SF-1.0v which showed the most significant antioxidant potential with 90.7 ascorbic acid equivalents in a total antioxidant capacity test and similar activity when compared with vitamin C in a reducing power assay. The fucan antiproliferative activity was performed with HeLa, PC3 and HepG2 cells using MTT test. In all tested conditions the heterofucans exhibited a dose-dependent effect. The strongest inhibition was observed in HeLa cells, where SF-1.0 and SF-1.5 exhibited considerable activity with an IC50 value of 15.69 and 13.83 μM, respectively. These results clearly indicate the beneficial effect of S. filipendula polysaccharides as antiproliferative and antioxidant. Further purification steps and additional studies on structural features as well as in vivo experiments are needed to test the viability of their use as therapeutic agents

Análise dos Indicadores de Neoplasia Maligna de Estômago no Brasil, no Período entre 2013 e 2023

INTRODUCTION: Stomach malignancy, or gastric cancer, refers to the disordered growth of malignant cells in the lining of the stomach, resulting in a tumor that can invade adjacent tissues and spread to other parts of the body. Considered one of the main causes of cancer mortality worldwide, this condition is especially prevalent in developing countries. This article will analyze the hospitalizations, deaths and mortality rates associated with this condition, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and advanced therapeutic interventions. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to quantify and analyze the rates of hospitalizations, deaths and mortality rates due to stomach malignancy in Brazil. METHODOLOGY: This is a retrospective study with a quantitative approach, carried out from data collection by the SUS Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS), made available by the secondary database of the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (TABNET /DATASUS). The data studied referred to hospitalizations, deaths and the mortality rate due to malignant neoplasia of the stomach in Brazil in the period between January 2013 and December 2023. The analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics, tabulation in an electronic spreadsheet using the Microsoft Excel program 2016 arranged in tables using Microsoft Word 10. RESULTS: From January 2013 to December 2023, 316,228 hospitalizations for malignant stomach neoplasia were recorded in Brazil. The Southeast Region had the highest percentage of hospitalizations (43.25%), followed by the South Region (24.02%). In the same period, there were 48,785 deaths, with the highest concentration also in the Southeast Region (48.28%). The mortality rate varied between 12.16 in the South Region and 22.39 in the North Region. CONCLUSION: Therefore, the analysis highlights significant regional disparities in the management of stomach malignancy in Brazil, highlighting the urgent need for public policies to improve access to early diagnosis and treatment, especially in regions with high mortality rates, such as the North. Specific regional strategies are crucial to reducing inequalities in the care and treatment of this condition, promoting a more equitable distribution of healthcare resources and improving outcomes for patients across the country.INTRODUÇÃO: A neoplasia maligna de estômago, ou câncer gástrico, refere-se ao crescimento desordenado de células malignas no revestimento do estômago, resultando em um tumor que pode invadir tecidos adjacentes e se disseminar para outras partes do corpo. Considerada uma das principais causas de mortalidade por câncer mundialmente, essa condição é especialmente prevalente em países em desenvolvimento. Este artigo analisará as internações, óbitos e taxa de mortalidade associados a essa condição, destacando a importância do diagnóstico precoce e das intervenções terapêuticas avançadas. OBJETIVO: Este estudo visa quantificar e analisar as taxas de internações, óbitos e taxa de mortalidade por neoplasia maligna de estômago no Brasil. METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo com abordagem quantitativa, realizado a partir de coleta de dados pelo Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do SUS (SIH/SUS), disponibilizados pela base de dados secundária do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (TABNET/DATASUS). Os dados estudados referiam-se às internações, aos óbitos e à taxa de mortalidade por neoplasia maligna de estômago no Brasil no período entre janeiro de 2013 e dezembro de 2023. A análise foi realizada por estatística descritiva, tabulação em planilha eletrônica do programa Microsoft Excel 2016 disposta em tabelas pelo Microsoft Word 10. RESULTADOS: No período de janeiro de 2013 a dezembro de 2023, foram registradas 316.228 internações por neoplasia maligna de estômago no Brasil. A Região Sudeste apresentou a maior porcentagem de internações (43,25%), seguida pela Região Sul (24,02%). No mesmo período, ocorreram 48.785 óbitos, com a maior concentração também na Região Sudeste (48,28%). A taxa de mortalidade variou entre 12,16 na Região Sul e 22,39 na Região Norte. CONCLUSÃO: Portanto, a análise evidencia disparidades regionais significativas no manejo da neoplasia maligna de estômago no Brasil, destacando a necessidade urgente de políticas públicas para melhorar o acesso ao diagnóstico precoce e tratamento, especialmente nas regiões com altas taxas de mortalidade, como o Norte. Estratégias regionais específicas são cruciais para reduzir as desigualdades no cuidado e tratamento dessa condição, promovendo uma distribuição mais equitativa dos recursos de saúde e melhorando os resultados para os pacientes em todo o país