CAN LANDSCAPE UNITS MAP HELP THE CONSERVATION OF SPIX´S MACAW?

Several studies suggest that Cyanopsitta spixii occurs mainly in Tabebuia caraiba (Mart.) Bureau gallery woodlands of northern Bahia (Brazil). The recently creation of two Protected Areas (2018) is combining efforts to ensure the reintroduction and conservation of this Critically Endangered (Possibly Extinct in the Wild) macaw. Achieving species conservation requires the definition of priority conservation areas and habitat recovery and the Landscape Cartography can be a relevant tool for this purpose. This research aimed to verify if there is a correlation between Landscape Units map and the Spix’s macaw occurrence. Here the Protected Areas landscape is described in three main components: land cover, landforms and superficial geology and then overlapped to occurrence map of Spix’s macaw and its most similar syntopic parrot, Primolius maracana. Spatial correlation revealed a correspondence of 85.48% to Dry River Environment Landscape pattern and C. spixii occurrence, indicating the importance to prioritize fluvial Landscapes conservation, combined with conservation strategies that must include the local population, since this are important territories for their survival

COMPORTAMENTO HEMOLÍTICO DE BACTÉRIAS DO GÊNERO Streptococcus Rosenbach, 1884 EM MEIO DE CULTURA PRODUZIDO COM SANGUE DE TARTARUGA DE ÁGUA DOCE Trachemys adiutrix Vanzolini, 1995.

Este trabalho apresenta dados sobre o comportamento hemolítico de bactérias do gênero Streptococcus, causadoras de Pneumonia e da Síndrome do Choque Tóxico, em meios de cultura fabricado com sangue de tartaruga de água doce Trachemys adiutrix. Esta tartaruga tem sido estudada por sua endemicidade no Estado do Maranhão, resistência a ambientes desérticos e por apresentar anomalias congênitas com causas ainda indeterminadas. Nossos resultados mostraram diferenças na coloração do meio fabricado com sangue de tartaruga em oposição ao meio normal no qual se utiliza sangue de carneiro. Diferenças também foram observadas quanto ao tempo de crescimento das colônias bacterianas. Quanto à atividade hemolítica, nenhuma diferença foi constatada sugerindo que as hemolisinas bacterianas atuam com a mesma intensidade no sangue de mamíferos e de tartarugas.   ABSTRACT Hemolytic behavior of Streptococcus bacterium in culture mean made with freshwater turtle blood Trachemys aidutrix Vanzolini, 1995 This work presents data about the hemolytic behavior of Streptococcus bacterium to cause diseases such as Pneumonia and Toxic Shock Syndrome, in culture mean made with freshwater turtle blood Trachemys adiutrix species. This turtle has been studied by its endemicity in Maranhão state, resistence to the desert environments and by presenting congenital anomalies with unknowed causes. Our results showed differences in coloration of the mean made with turtle blood to the contrary to the normal mean where to use sheep blood. Also, differences were observed as to the growth time bacterium colonies. For the hemolytic activity no difference was observed what suggest that the bacteriotoxins to act with the same intensity in mammal and turtle bloods

Produção de redes sociais digitais como estratégia de educação em saúde no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19

This is an experience report through the elucidation of the communication production process, through digital social networks, as a health education strategy in the context of the pandemic by physiotherapists from the Extended Nucleus in Family Health and Primary Care 1 (NASF- AB 1) residents of Family Health, from information cards to Instagram. The production took place in four blocks of publications including: exercises in the quarantine; myths and truths about COVID-19; self-care and home office; racial inequality. With the adopted care strategy, it was possible to reach the users assigned to the territory and to extrapolate the geographic space, including other municipalities through professional accounts, functioning as a powerful tool for scientific dissemination and we consider it important to adopt clarification technologies through digital social networks in public health services to optimize dialogue and interaction with users.Trata-se de um relato de experiência com o objetivo de elucidar o processo de produção de comunicação, por meio da rede social digital Instagram, a partir de cards informativos, como estratégia de educação em saúde no contexto da pandemia por fisioterapeutas do Núcleo Ampliado em Saúde da Família e Atenção Básica 1 (NASF-AB 1) residentes em Saúde da Família. A produção se deu por quatro blocos de publicações incluindo: exercícios na quarentena; mitos e verdades sobre a COVID-19; autocuidado e home office; desigualdade racial. Com a estratégia de cuidado adotada foi possível atingir alcance dos usuários adscritos ao território e extrapolar o espaço geográfico incluindo outros municípios por meio das contas profissionais funcionando como uma potente ferramenta de divulgação científica e consideramos importante a adoção de tecnologias de comunicação pelas redes sociais digitais nos serviços públicos de saúde para otimizar o diálogo e a interação com os usuários

Avaliação da mortalidade por COVID-19 no Brasil/ COVID-19 mortality assessment in Brazil

A COVID-19 trata-se de uma doença respiratória aguda causada por infecção pelo novo coronavírus. O vírus induz complicações patológicas no organismo humano, como por exemplo, a dificuldade respiratória aguda grave, podendo resultar em óbito. A disseminação do novo coronavírus fez com que a Organização Mundial da Saúde, no dia 11 de março de 2020, instituísse a COVID-19 como uma pandemia. Diante disso, foi objetivo deste trabalho avaliar as taxas de mortalidade causadas pela COVID-19 nas cinco regiões do Brasil, bem como nos estados da região que apresentou maior taxa de mortalidade neste estudo, no período de fevereiro a agosto de 2020. Metodologicamente, foram coletados dados epidemiológicos referentes ao número de habitantes, óbitos e a taxa de mortalidade por 100.000 habitantes referentes à COVID-19 nas cinco regiões brasileiras, bem como nos estados da região com maior taxa de mortalidade a partir da plataforma Coronavírus Brasil (Ministério da Saúde – Brasil). As maiores taxas de mortalidade foram registradas na região Norte (68,74) e na região Nordeste (56,27). Os estados da região Norte com maior taxa de mortalidade registrada foram Roraima (93,76) e Amazonas (83,55). Diante disso, conclui-se que, a gravidade da crise sanitária enfrentada pelo Brasil neste período pode esta diretamente relacionada com o contexto socioeconômico de cada região ou estado. Sendo assim, são necessárias medidas e diretrizes direcionadas à promoção de maior acessibilidade às populações das regiões e estados menos favorecidos economicamente

Mapping density, diversity and species-richness of the Amazon tree flora

Using 2.046 botanically-inventoried tree plots across the largest tropical forest on Earth, we mapped tree species-diversity and tree species-richness at 0.1-degree resolution, and investigated drivers for diversity and richness. Using only location, stratified by forest type, as predictor, our spatial model, to the best of our knowledge, provides the most accurate map of tree diversity in Amazonia to date, explaining approximately 70% of the tree diversity and species-richness. Large soil-forest combinations determine a significant percentage of the variation in tree species-richness and tree alpha-diversity in Amazonian forest-plots. We suggest that the size and fragmentation of these systems drive their large-scale diversity patterns and hence local diversity. A model not using location but cumulative water deficit, tree density, and temperature seasonality explains 47% of the tree species-richness in the terra-firme forest in Amazonia. Over large areas across Amazonia, residuals of this relationship are small and poorly spatially structured, suggesting that much of the residual variation may be local. The Guyana Shield area has consistently negative residuals, showing that this area has lower tree species-richness than expected by our models. We provide extensive plot meta-data, including tree density, tree alpha-diversity and tree species-richness results and gridded maps at 0.1-degree resolution

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio