Contribuição ao estudo da obesidade

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina InternaSem resumo e abstrac

Systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of amfepramone and mazindol as a monotherapy for the treatment of obese or overweight patients

The aim of this study was to evaluate efficacy and safety of amfepramone, fenproporex and mazindol as a monotherapy for the treatment of obese or overweight patients. A systematic review of primary studies was conducted, followed by a direct meta-analysis (random effect) and mixed treatment comparison. Medline and other databases were searched. Heterogeneity was explored through I2 associated with a p-value. Of 739 identified publications, 25 were included in the meta-analysis. The global evaluation of Cochrane resulted in 19 studies with a high level of bias and six with unclear risk. Due to the lack of information in primary studies, direct meta-analyses were conducted only for amfepramone and mazindol. Compared to placebo, amfepramone resulted in higher weight loss in the short-term

Avaliação e auto-avaliação puberal em crianças e adolescentes obesos

Objective: Evaluate the agreement among the medical evaluation and self-assessment of pubertal stage in overweight children and adolescents. Methods: This study had the participation one hundred and one overweight subjects (55 girls and 46 boys), aged between 10 and 17 years. The Body Mass Index (BMI) was categorized according to the age and sex. The pubertal stage was evaluated according to Tanner (1986). The participants indicated the most similar drawings with their present pubertal stage (self-assessment) and next the medical evaluation was fulfilled. The parametric data were analyzed by student t test and the agreement between the methods by Kappa index (k), assuming significance at the p < 0,05. Results: On boys, the agreement was regular for the pubic hair evaluation (k=0.58) and good for the genitalia (k=0.78). On girls, there was a great concurrence for the pubic hair (k=0.84) and good for breast (k=0.78). Conclusion: The self-assessment of pubertal stage in overweight children reported major agreement in the evaluation of the genitalia stage for boys and pubic hair for girls.Objetivo: Avaliar a concordância entre a avaliação médica e auto-avaliação puberal em crianças e adolescentes com excesso de peso. Métodos: Participaram 101 indivíduos (55 meninas e 46 meninos) com excesso de peso com idade entre 10 e 17 anos. Classificou-se o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) conforme idade e sexo. O estágio puberal foi avaliado conforme Tanner (1986). Os participantes indicaram as gravuras mais semelhantes com seu estágio atual (auto-avaliação) e após foi realizada a avaliação médica. Analisaram-se os dados paramétricos pelo testes t de student e a concordância entre os métodos pelo índice de Kappa (k), assumindo significância p < 0,05. Resultados: Nos meninos a concordância foi regular na avaliação dos pêlos pubianos (k=0.58) e boa nas gônadas (k=0.78). Nas meninas, houve uma ótima concordância nos pêlos pubianos (k=0.84) e boa nas mamas (k=0.78). Conclusão: A auto-avaliação puberal em obesos apresentou maior concordância na avaliação das gônadas para os meninos e pêlos pubianos nas meninas

Comparison of three equations for predicting the body fat by bioimpedance in young obese females || Comparación de tres ecuaciones para predicción de la grasa corporal por bioimpedancia en jóvenes obesas

A impedância bioelétrica (BIA) tem sido bastante utilizada para o monitoramento da composição corporal em indivíduos de diferentes idades e estados nutricionais. Entretanto, não se sabe qual das equações propostas para crianças e adolescentes é a mais recomendada para utilização em adolescentes com excesso de peso. Objetivo: Verificar a concordância dos métodos de BIA usando três equações diferentes com a absorciometria de raio-X de dupla energia (DXA), para análise da composição corporal de adolescentes com sobrepeso e obesidade. Participaram do estudo 27 adolescentes do sexo feminino, com sobrepeso e obesidade. Foram avaliados o percentual de gordura corporal (%GC), a massa gorda (MG) e a massa livre de gordura (MLG) por DXA e por BIA utilizando as equações propostas por Houtkooper, Schaefer e Deurenberg. ANOVA oneway, gráficos de Bland-Altman e o coeficiente de correlação intraclasse foram utilizados para comparação e verificação da concordância entre os métodos. A BIA utilizando a equação proposta por Houtkooper foi a única que não apresentou diferença estatística significativa na estimativa de %GC, MG e MLG em comparação ao DXA e apresentou boa concordância com o DXA na estimativa de %GC (-1,9 ± 3,29%), MG (1,5 ± 2,59 kg) e MLG (1,4 ± 2,60 kg), bem como boa reprodutibilidade para %GC (CCI = 0,81), MG (0,96) e MLG (0,89). As equações de Schaefer e de Deurenberg apresentaram menor concordância com o DXA, superestimando a MG e subestimando a MLG e apresentaram reprodutibilidade de moderada a baixa na maioria das medidas da composição corporal. Quando comparamos as três equações propostas para BIA com o DXA, verificamos que a equação proposta por Houtkooper foi a que melhor concordou com DXA e apresentou boa reprodutibilidade para estimar %GC, MG e MLG em adolescentes com sobrepeso e obesidade.214266270COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESSem informaçãoThe bioelectrical impedance (BIA) has been widely used for monitoring body composition of individuals of different ages and nutritional statuses. However, it is unknown which of the equations for children and adolescents is the most recommended to be used for adolescents who are overweight. Objective: To assess the agreement of the BIA method using three different equations with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for analysis of body composition in overweight and obesity. Twenty-seven female adolescents with overweight or obesity were included in this study. The percentage of body fat (%BF), fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) were evaluated by DXA and BIA using the equations proposed by Houtkooper, Schaefer and Deurenberg. Oneway ANOVA, Bland-Altman plots and the intraclass correlation coefficient were used for comparison and verification of the agreement among the methods. BIA using the equation proposed by Houtkooper was the only one that showed no statistically significant difference in the estimating %BF, FM and FFM compared to DXA and showed good agreement with DXA in estimating %BF (-1.9±3.29), FM (1.5±2.59) and FFM (1.4±2.60) and good reproducibility for %BF (0.81), FM (0.96) and FFM (0.89). The Schaefer and Deurenberg equations showed less agreement with DXA, overestimating the MG and underestimating the FFM, and presented moderate to low reproducibility in most measures of body composition. When we compared the three equations proposed to BIA with DXA, we find that the Houtkooper equation was the best agreed with DXA and showed good reproducibility for estimate %BF, FM and FFM in female adolescents with overweight and obesity. || La impedancia bioeléctrica (BIA) ha sido bastante utilizada para el monitoreo de la composición corporal en individuos de diferentes edades y estado nutricional. Entretanto, no se sabe cuál de las ecuaciones propuestas para niños y adolescentes es la más recomendada para uso en adolescentes con exceso de peso. Objetivo: Verificar la concordancia de los métodos de BIA usando tres ecuaciones diferentes con la absormetría de rayos X de doble energía (DXA), para análisis de la composición corporal de adolescentes con sobrepeso y obesidad. Participaron en el estudio 27 adolescentes, del sexo femenino, con sobrepeso y obesidad. Fueron evaluados el porcentual de grasa corporal (%GC), la masa gorda (MG) y la masa libre de grasa (MLG) por DXA y por BIA utilizando las ecuaciones propuestas por Houtkooper, Schaefer y Deurenberg. ANOVA oneway, Bland-Altman y el coeficiente de correlación intraclase fueron utilizados para comparación y verificación de la concordancia entre los métodos. La BIA utilizando la ecuación propuesta por Houtkooper fue la única que no presentó diferencia estadística significativa en la estimativa de %GC, MG y MLG en comparación a DXA y presentó buena concordancia con el DXA en la estimativa de % GC (-1,9±3,29%), MG (1,5±2,59kg) y MLG (1,4±2,60kg), bien como buena reproductibilidad para %GC (CCI=0,81), MG (0,96) y MLG (0,89). Las ecuaciones Schaefer y de Deurenberg presentaron menor concordancia con el DXA, sobreestimando la MG y subestimando la MLG y presentaron valores de moderada a baja reproductibilidad en la mayoría de las medidas de la composición corporal. Cuando comparamos las tres ecuaciones propuestas para BIA en comparación al DXA, verificamos que la ecuación propuesta por Houtkooper fue la que mejor concordó con DXA y presentó buena reproductibilidad para estimar %GC, MG y MLG en adolescentes con sobrepeso y obesidad

Association between adiposity indicators, metabolic parameters and inflammatory markers in a sample of female adolescents

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between total and abdominal adiposity with metabolic parameters and inflammatory markers, in female adolescents. The sample consisted of 53 adolescents aged 13 to 17 years from a public school in Curitiba, Brazil. The adiposity indicators studied were body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), trunk fat mass (TKFM), total fat mass (TFM) and body fat percentage (BF%) measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The metabolic and inflammatory parameters studied were systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment index for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), lipids, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), leptin, adiponectin and resistin. Eighty percent of WC variation, 87% of TKFM and TFM, and 73% of BF% were predicted by BMI variation. There was a significant positive correlation between all indicators of adiposity with SBP, DBP, insulin, HOMA-IR, CRP and leptin. Triglycerides were positively correlated with BMI and WC, and adiponectin correlated negatively with BMI. TNF-α, IL-6, glucose, total cholesterol, and high- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol did not correlate to the studied variables. BMI showed a significant association with most of the parameters studied, and WC was slightly better than BMI to predict insulin resistance in this specific population.59432533