Economy of South Pannonian Danube areain the late la tène period:archaeozoological approach

Predmet istraživanja doktorske disertacije je upotreba životinja u ekonomiji kasnolatenskih naselja na prostoru južnopanonskog Podunavlja koja je ispitana putem analize arheozoološkog materijala sa četiri lokaliteta. U pitanju su nalazišta iz različitih delova današnje Vojvodine (Bačke, Srema i Banata) – Čarnok, Stari vinogradi (Čurug), Gomolava i Židovar. Cilj je bio ustanoviti moguće lokalne stočarske i lovne strategije, kao i ispitati postojanje sličnosti/razlika među naseljima na osnovu arheozoološkog materijala. Budući da je reč o naseljima utvrđenog i otvorenog tipa, koja uz to sadrže i niz specifičnosti, rezultati su posmatrani u kontekstu lokalnih društveno-ekonomskih okolnosti. Pokazano je da postoje izvesne sličnosti, ali i razlike u eksploataciji domaćih i divljih životinja među naseljima različitog, kao i naseljima istog tipa. Čini se da je u svim naseljima praktikovano mešovito stočarstvo, odnosno da nije postojala specijalizacija ka jednoj životinji ili proizvodu. Kada je reč o lovu, uočene su razlike koje se odnose na zastupljenost divljih životinja u naseljima smeštenim sa leve i desne obale Dunava. Značajane su i arheozoološke potvrde o procesuiranju tela, kao i uzgoju sitnije stoke unutar utvrđenih naselja, što svedoči o obavljanju svakodnevnih aktivnosti u ovom tipu naselja. Očigledni arheozoološki pokazatelji postojanja sistema snabdevanja/nabavke životinja ili životinjskih proizvoda nisu detektovani, iako se prema nekim od pokazatelja može pretpostaviti postojanje ovakih strategija preživljavanja. Pojava krupnijih jedinki domaćih životinja takođe može ukazivati na uključenost u šire mreže povezanosti, a od posebnog je značaja pronalazak ovih indikatora u naselju otvorenog tipa.This thesis addresses animal use in economy of the Late La Tène settlements in the South Pannonian Danube Area, which is examined throught analisis of animal bones from four sites located in different part of present-day Vojvodina (Bačka, Srem i Banat) – Čarnok, Stari vinogradi (Čurug), Gomolava i Židovar. The aim was to define potential local husbandry and hunting strategies, as well as to explore possible existence of similarities/differences between settlements based on archaeozoological material. Data were obsreved in the context of local socio-economic setting due to settlements' unique characters. Results showed existence of similarities, but also differences, in exploatation of domestic and wild animals between and among settlement types. It appears that mixed husbandry was practiced in every settlement, without specialisation toward one animal or product. When it comes to hunting, difference in relative representation of wild animals is noticed between settlements located on the left and right side of the Danube river. Based on archaeozoological confirmation for processing animal carrcasses, as well as herding small livestock in fortified settlements it can be assumed that everyday activities were practised in this settlement type. Although there are no clear arheozoological indicators for existence of animal/animal products supply/acquisition system, this kind of subsistence strategy can be assumed based on some indicators. Existence of larger domestic animals can indicate involvement in wider communication networks, so their appearance in opet settlement is of great importance

Supplementary data for article: Kostić, A. T.; Barać, M. B.; Stanojević, S. P.; Milojković-Opsenica, D. M.; Tešić, T. L.; Šikoparija, B.; Radišić, P.; Prentović, M.; Pešić, M. B. Physicochemical Composition and Techno-Functional Properties of Bee Pollen Collected in Serbia. LWT - Food Science and Technology 2015, 62 (1), 301–309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2015.01.031

Supplementary material for: [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2015.01.031]Related to published version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1680

Near-ground Effect of Height on Pollen Exposure

The effect of height on pollen concentration is not well documented and little is known about the near-ground vertical profile of airborne pollen. This is important as most measuring stations are on roofs, but patient exposure is at ground level. Our study used a big data approach to estimate the near-ground vertical profile of pollen concentrations based on a global study of paired stations located at different heights. We analyzed paired sampling stations located at different heights between 1.5 and 50m above ground level (AGL). This provided pollen data from 59 Hirst-type volumetric traps from 25 different areas, mainly in Europe, but also covering North America and Australia, resulting in about 2,000,000 daily pollen concentrations analyzed. The daily ratio of the amounts of pollen from different heights per location was used, and the values of the lower station were divided by the higher station. The lower station of paired traps recorded more pollen than the higher trap. However, while the effect of height on pollen concentration was clear, it was also limited (average ratio 1.3, range 0.7–2.2). The standard deviation of the pollen ratio was highly variable when the lower station was located close to the ground level (below 10m AGL). We show that pollen concentrations measured at >10m are representative for background near-ground levels

Predicting Walnut (Juglans spp.) Crop Yield Using Meteorological and Airborne Pollen Data

Crop yield determines economy by influencing prices on the trade market,and so accurate forecasts of the yield are important for planning various aspects of agricultural production. The main aim of this study is to construct a model for predicting walnut yield in an important walnut production area (the region of Novi Sad in Northern Serbia). Relationships between the amount of walnuts produced annually (2000–2011) and a biotic (e.g. meteorological) and biotic (e.g. airborne pollen data) factors were examined using Pearson correlation analysis. Walnut yield data were then entered into linear regression models with variables that had the highest correlations. The models were constructed using 10 years of data, and tested using 2 years of data not included in constructing the model. This paper has shown that walnut yield is greatly dependent on weather conditions, particularly during fertilisation and seed growth, but the amount of available airborne pollen also plays an important role. The introduction of the seasonal pollen index, as a proxy for the amount of pollen available for fertilisation, improved the performance of models predicting walnut yield

Modele upadłości : weryfikowanie ich ważności jako czynnik prognostyczny niepowodzenia korporacyjnego

Although the issue of corporate failure analysis is a hot topic for business research since the last century, even nowadays there are numerous researches focusing on assessing the financial health of companies. Within increasing internationalization and globalization the demand for bankruptcy prediction is important not only for owners of the companies, but also for other interested groups. We aim to test the validity of prediction models developed as partial results of our research project. Bankruptcy prediction models were constructed on the data set of Slovak companies covering the year 2015 and based on the various statistical methodologies. We provided the validity of these models and their prediction accuracy on the data set of Slovak companies covering the following year 2016.Chociaż kwestia analizy niepowodzenia korporacyjnego jest gorącym tematem badań biznesowych od zeszłego wieku, nawet obecnie prowadzone są liczne badania skupiające się na ocenie kondycji finansowej firm. W warunkach rosnącej internacjonalizacji i globalizacji zapotrzebowanie na prognozy bankructwa jest ważne nie tylko dla właścicieli firm, ale także dla innych zainteresowanych grup. Celem artykułu jest sprawdzenie ważności modeli prognostycznych opracowanych jako częściowe wyniki projektu badawczego przez autorów. Modele przewidywania bankructwa zostały zbudowane na zbiorze danych słowackich firm w roku 2015 na podstawie różnych metodologii statystycznych. Zapewniona została poprawność tych modeli i dokładność ich prognozowania na zbiorze danych słowackich firm obejmująca rok 2016

Genetic analysis of Croatian autochthonous pig breeds based on microsatellite markers

Black Slavonian pig (BS) and Turopolje pig (TP) are two Croatian autochthonous pig breeds. At the beginning of this century attempts were made to preserve and re-establish them, which included also employment of the genetic methods for studying genetic characteristics of both breeds. The number of Black Slavonian breed sows was increased from 237 in 2001 to 1305 last year, while the number of Turopolje breed sows rose from 45 to 132 in the same period. A set of 18 microsatellite markers was used to genotype 20 BS pigs, 20 TP pigs and 20 wild boars. The basic statistical analysis included number of samples, number of alleles for each locus, expected and observed heterozygosity, FIS and their statistical significance FISsign. In observed populations, a relatively high variety of loci was present. Average heterozygosity was between 0.35 and 0.64. The average fixation index (FST) was 0.24. Multilocus FST values indicated that around 24% of the total genetic variation was explained by population differences, with the remaining 78% corresponding to differences among individuals within population. Genetic distances between populations were made with PCA method and it was noticed that studied populations are clearly defined. The analysis of population structure indicates no admixture among analysed breeds. However, some substructuring in the Black Slavonian pig population was observed. Results confirmed usefulness of microsatellites for studying genetic diversity among Croatian autochthonous pig breeds, but for obtaining more accurate results, a study involving larger number of animals and other related breeds would be required.Os suínos Black Slavonian (BS) e Turopolje (TP) são duas raças autóctones da Croácia. No início do presente século foram feitas tentativas para as preservar e reestabelecer, que incluíram o uso de metodologias genéticas para o estudo das características genéticas de ambas as raças. O número de porcas reprodutoras BS aumentou de 237 em 2001 para 1305 no último ano, enquanto que o número de porcas reprodutoras TP aumentou de 45 para 132 no mesmo período. Foram genotipados 20 porcos BS, 20 porcos TP e 20 javalis usando um conjunto de 18 microssatélites. Foi feita uma análise estatística básica em relação ao número de amostras, número de alelos em cada locus, heterozigosidade esperada e observada, FIS e a sua significância estatística FISsign. Nas populações observadas foi detetada uma variedade de loci relativamente elevada. A heterozigosidade média variou entre 0.35 e 0.64. O índice médio de fixação (FST) foi de 0.24. Os valores multilocus do FST indicaram que cerca de 24% da variação genética total era explicada pelas diferenças entre populações e os restantes 78% correspondiam a diferenças entre animais dentro da mesma população. As distâncias genéticas entre populações foram determinadas com o método PCA e verificou-se que as populações estudadas estavam claramente definidas. A análise da estrutura da população indica a ausência de mistura entre as raças analisadas. No entanto foi observada alguma subestruturação na população BS. Os resultados confirmam a utilidade dos microssatélites para estudar a diversidade genética entre as raças suínas autóctones da Croácia mas, para obter resultados mais precisos, será necessário um estudo envolvendo um maior número de animais e outras raças relacionadas

Comparison of carcass and meat quality traits of Black Slavonian pigs regarding the duration of fattening period

The aim of the study was to estimate the possibility of shortening the fattening period of Black Sla - vonian pig without deteriorating their meat quality. The research was carried out on 30 Black Slavonian pigs divided into two equal groups, A and B, according to the duration of fattening period: 18 and 12 months, respectively. Pigs from both groups were reared in extensive system (pastures, woods). During the year pigs were fed cereal mixture (50% corn, 30% barley, 10% oats, 10% soybean) which was supplemented with alfalfa during the vegetation period; during the winter pigs were fed alfalfa hay. At the end of their respective fattening period pigs were slaughtered at a commercial abattoir. Carcass and meat quality traits were collected: carcass weight, carcass length, muscle and backfat thickness, as well as ham length and circumference, pH45 in semimembranosus and longissimus dorsi muscle, meat colour (CIE L*a*b*), drip loss by EZ drip and WB shear force. Pigs from group B had significantly lighter and shorter carcasses characterised by thinner backfat than pigs form group A. The ham length and circumference were not affected by duration of fattening period. On the other hand, the results showed that shortening of fattening period significantly deteriorated some important meat quality traits, most of all drip loss and CIE L* values of the meat in group B. The meat of pigs from this group was also tougher than meat of pigs from group A as shown by significantly higher WB shear force (N

The Effect of Changes to the Method of Estimating the Pollen Count from Aerobiological Samples

Pollen data have been recorded at Novi Sad in Serbia since 2000. The adopted method of producing pollen counts has been the use of five longitudinal transects that examine 19.64% of total sample surface. However, counting five transects is time consuming and so the main objective of this study is to investigate whether reducing the number to three or even two transects would have a significant effect on daily average and bi-hourly pollen concentrations, as well as the main characteristics of the pollen season and long-term trends. This study has shown that there is a loss of accuracy in daily average and bi-hourly pollen concentrations (an increase in % ERROR) as the sub-sampling area is reduced from five to three or two longitudinal transects. However, this loss of accuracy does not impact on the main characteristics of the season or long-term trends. As a result, this study can be used to justify changing the sub-sampling method used at Novi Sad from five to three longitudinal transects. The use of two longitudinal transects has been ruled out because, although quicker, the counts produced: (a) had the greatest amount of % ERROR, (b) altered the amount of influence of the independent variable on the dependent variable (the slope in regression analysis) and (c) the total sampled surface (7.86%) was less than the minimum requirement recommended by the European Aerobiology Society working group on Quality Control (at least 10% of total slide area)

A Method For Producing Airborne Pollen Source Inventories: An Example of Ambrosia (Ragweed) on the Pannonian Plain

We present here a simple methodology for calculating species inventories for allergenic pollen that can be used by atmospheric transport models. Ragweed (Ambrosia) species distribution or infection level on the Pannonian Plain has been used as an example of how the methodology can be used. The Pannonian Plain is one of the three main regions in Europe recognized as being polluted by Ambrosia. The methodology relies on spatial variations in annual Ambrosia pollen counts, knowledge on ragweed ecology and detailed land cover information. The results of this analysis showed that some of the highest mean annual ragweed pollen concentrations were witnessed around Kecskemét in central Hungary and Novi Sad in northern Serbia. These areas are also the areas with the highest density of Ambrosia habitats. The resulting inventory can be entered into atmospheric transport models in combination with other components such as a phenological model and a model for daily pollen release, in order to simulate the movement of ragweed pollen from the Pannonian Plain. The methodology is likely to be generally applicable for creating inventories of species distribution of allergenic plants. The main requirement is availability of: detailed land cover information; pollen indexes; a list of the most important habitats; and a region of interest that is mainly influenced by local sources