Automation a conveyor belt furnace for annealing metals in a protective atmosphere

Abstract The paper presents the revitalization of a conveyor belt furnace for annealing metal, which included the design and implementation of a control system based on a programmable logic controller. The goal of the revitalization of the furnace is its modernization through the digital transformation of technological process variables as a new form of data availability in the context of Industry 4.0. The application of a modern control system ensures optimal control of the technological process and thus significantly extends the useful life of the machine

Application of CAD/CAE/CAM Systems in Permanent-Mold Casting Improvement

This paper presents the application of CAD/CAE/CAM systems at the improvement of the manufacturing the flotation balls for grinding ore. Flotation balls need to satisfy the appropriate requirements in terms of dimensional, chemical, mechanical and physical properties. These properties are directly related to technology of ball manufacturing, in this case - permanent-mold casting technology. Software tolls from the group of CAD/CAE/CAM systems were used for designing the casting parts, casting and feeding systems, mold and simulation of permanent-mold casting process. Based on results of casting process simulation the casting process in real industrial conditions was realized. After the casting process, testing of casting parts has been performed. The testing gave satisfactory results, so the presented methodology, based on CAD/CAE/CAM systems, is acceptable for manufacturing program in foundry

Identification of Phases Formed by Cu and Ni in Al?Si Piston Alloys

This paper presents the results of identifying and analyzing the phases present in the microstructure of 4 aluminum piston alloys with different chemical composition. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to study the microstructure of the samples and EDS analysis was used to identify thecomposition of the phases. The phase stoichiometry was identified by comparing the results of EDS analysis with the results reported in the studied literature. The results show that different intermetallic phases can appear depending on the chemical composition of the microstructure of aluminum piston alloys

INTERMETALLIC BONDING BETWEEN A RING CARRIER AND AN ALUMINUM PISTON ALLOY

Abstract This paper presents an analysis of the intermetallic bond between a ring carrier and an aluminum piston alloy. An optical microscope combined with the SEM / EDS analysis has been used to metallographically analyze the quality of the intermetallic bonding layer. The obtained results show that can be established intermetallic bond between two materials of different qualities

CAD/CAM DESIGN AND GENETIC OPTIMIZATION OF FEEDERS FOR SAND CASTING PROCESS

The paper proposes methodology of feeder design and optimization for sand casting process. Casting part is a part of excavator buckets, i.e. holder of the cutting tooth. Process of design and optimization is based on the application of the rules, which are the result of many years of work researchers in the field of metal casting. Computer Aided Design (CAD) is used as a methodology in the design of feeders. Genetic Algorithm (GA) as an artificial intelligence technique is used in the optimization process of the feeder geometry. Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) is used as methodology that involves numerical simulation of the casting process. Numerical simulation is used to verify the validity of the optimized geometry of the feeding system

CASTING IMPROVEMENT BASED ON METAHEURISTIC OPTIMIZATION AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION

This paper presents the use of metaheuristic optimization techniques to support the improvement of casting process. Genetic algorithm (GA), Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), Simulated annealing (SA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) have been considered as optimization tools to define the geometry of the casting part’s feeder. The proposed methodology has been demonstrated in the design of the feeder for casting Pelton turbine bucket. The results of the optimization are dimensional characteristics of the feeder, and the best result from all the implemented optimization processes has been adopted. Numerical simulation has been used to verify the validity of the presented design methodology and the feeding system optimization in the casting system of the Pelton turbine bucket

Simulation of the casting process - a powerfull tool for enchanced design of the cutting teeth in surface mining

Recent development in the computer simulation technology caused a tremendous influence on a rapid prototyping in casting process. These computational tools facilitate engineering work and urge moulding verification in foundries. Among dedicated software packages the MAGMASoft is selected for availability reasons. Its effectiveness is proved with the simulation of moulding process of the cutting teeth for a bucket wheel excavator Use of MAGMASoft enables a shortcut to a forceful and durable product, without internal cavities and micro-porosity. Such advancement of the moulding process is described in this paper

Identification of phases formed by Cu and Ni in Al-Si piston alloys

This paper presents the results of identifying and analyzing the phases present in the microstructure of 4 aluminum piston alloys with different chemical composition. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to study the microstructure of the samples and EDS analysis was used to identify the composition of the phases. The phase stoichiometry was identified by comparing the results of EDS analysis with the results reported in the studied literature. The results show that different intermetallic phases can appear depending on the chemical composition of the microstructure of aluminum piston alloys

Sigurnost protokola rutiranja u ad hoc mrežama i mogući napadi u mreži

U članku se opisuju ad hoc mreže, specifične po svojoj mobilnosti, iznenadnoj promeni stanja i samoorganizovanju. Zbog svojih svojstava protokoli rutiranja u ad hoc mrežama moraju biti prilagođeni primenama i zadovoljavati sigurnosne zahteve – tajnost, integritet i raspoloživost. Navedena su svojstva i izazovi za razvoj protokola koji bi se suprotstavili napadima, posebno u vojnim primenama. Opisani su neki od poznatih napada i navedena jedna od metoda za ispitivanje sigurnosti protokola rutiranja.</p

Automation of Furnaces for Metal Heat Treatment: Cases of Vacuum Furnace and Conveyor Belt Furnace with Protective Atmosphere

Abstract and Figures Sustainability, one of the most important aspects of every production plant, can be enhanced through retrofitting. In this paper, retrofitting of two furnaces for metal heat treatment, namely vacuum furnace and conveyor belt furnace with protective atmosphere, are presented. The goal of the revitalization of the furnaces is modernization through the digital transformation of technological process variables as a new form of data availability in the context of Industry 4.0. The application of a modern control system based on a programmable logic controller ensures optimal control of the technological process which significantly extends the useful life of the machine. For the vacuum furnace, the replacement of a dilapidated vacuum system is also performed