69 research outputs found

    Filmmusik im Dokumentarfilm - Die Gestaltung von Wirkmomenten im Spannungsfeld dokumentarischer und fiktionaler ErzÀhlformen durch Musik

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    Der Text beleuchtet die dramaturgische Rolle der Filmmusik im Dokumentarfilm. Ausgehend von verschiedenen Dokumentarfilm-Typen sollen sehr unterschiedliche Beispiele zeigen, wie Musik und Tongestaltung verschiedenartige ErzĂ€hlstrukturen, Wirkungsmechanismen und Ă€sthetische Merkmale ausprĂ€gen. Zugleich wird ein Trend eingehender untersucht, der publikumswirksame Dokumentarfilme im Kinoformat hervorgebracht hat, zu dessen Charakteristikum es gehört, dass Musik fĂŒr eine Dramatisierung des an sich Dokumentarischen und zur Immersion in Dienst genommen wird. Es zeigt sich, wie groß der Anteil der Musik daran ist, dass Wirkungsmechanismen, die dem Publikum aus dem fiktionalen Genre vertraut sind, in den Dokumentarfilm ĂŒbertragen werden können und dort ebenso funktionieren. Inwieweit dies der poetischen Verdichtung dient oder einer EinfĂŒhlungsĂ€sthetik zuarbeitet und möglicherweise die GlaubwĂŒrdigkeit des abgehandelten Themas in Frage stellt, ist eine kritisch zu diskutierende, stets fĂŒr den Einzelfall zu beantwortende Frage. Der Beitrag möchte ĂŒber die Anwendung beim Dokumentarfilm hinausgehend dafĂŒr eintreten, Filmmusik als "tiefenwirksames" dramaturgisches Element zu analysieren, wofĂŒr die vorgestellten Kategorien Anwendung finden und als Grundlage weiterer Diskussionen verstanden werden können

    Fortschritte in der operativen Behandlung des Prostatakarzinoms

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    Tunneling and Suture of Thoracic Epidural Catheters Decrease the Incidence of Catheter Dislodgement

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    Background. Dislocation of epidural catheters (EC) is associated with early termination of regional analgesia and rare complications like epidural bleeding. We tested the hypothesis that maximum effort in fixation by tunneling and suture decreases the incidence of catheter dislocation. Methods. Patients scheduled for major surgery (n=121) were prospectively randomized in 2 groups. Thoracic EC were subcutaneously tunneled and sutured (tunneled) or fixed with adhesive tape (taped). The difference of EC length at skin surface level immediately after insertion and before removal was determined and the absolute values were averaged. Postoperative pain was evaluated by numeric rating scale twice daily and EC tips were screened microbiologically after removal. Results. Both groups did not differ with respect to treatment duration (tunneled: 109 hours ±46, taped: 97±37) and postoperative pain scores. Tunneling significantly reduced average extent (tunneled: 3 mm ±7, taped: 10±18) and incidence of clinically relevant EC dislocation (>20 mm, tunneled: 1/60, taped: 9/61). Bacterial contamination showed a tendency to be lower in patients with tunneled catheters (8/59, taped: 14/54, P=0.08). Conclusion. Thorough fixation of EC by tunneling and suturing decreases the incidence and extent of dislocation and potentially even that of bacterial contamination

    Displacement, repetition and repression : Die Meistersinger von NĂŒrnberg on stage in the Weimar Republic

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    Relatively little scholarly attention has been paid to the performance and reception history of Die Meistersinger von NĂŒrnberg during the Weimar Republic (1919-33), but as this article will demonstrate, the opera played an indispensable role in the repertories of Weimar opera houses. Despite an evident desire on the part of some Weimar directors and designers of Die Meistersinger to draw on staging innovations of the time, productions of the work from this period are characterised by scenic conservatism and repetition of familiar naturalistic imagery. This was not coincidental, I will argue, since Die Meistersinger served as a comforting rite for many opera-going members of the Weimar middle classes, at least some of whom felt economically or socially beleaguered in the aftermath of World War I. But no matter how secure the conservative theatrical conventions surrounding the Weimar Meistersinger appeared, the repressed turmoil of the Weimar Republic seeped into ideas about the work, haunting the performance and reception of constructed German stability

    Ventilation and outcomes following robotic-assisted abdominal surgery: an international, multicentre observational study

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    Background: International data on the epidemiology, ventilation practice, and outcomes in patients undergoing abdominal robotic-assisted surgery (RAS) are lacking. The aim of the study was to assess the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), and to describe ventilator management after abdominal RAS. Methods: This was an international, multicentre, prospective study in 34 centres in nine countries. Patients ≄18 yr of age undergoing abdominal RAS were enrolled between April 2017 and March 2019. The Assess Respiratory Risk in Surgical Patients in Catalonia (ARISCAT) score was used to stratify for higher risk of PPCs (≄26). The primary outcome was the incidence of PPCs. Secondary endpoints included the preoperative risk for PPCs and ventilator management. Results: Of 1167 subjects screened, 905 abdominal RAS patients were included. Overall, 590 (65.2%) patients were at increased risk for PPCs. Meanwhile, 172 (19%) patients sustained PPCs, which occurred more frequently in 132 (22.4%) patients at increased risk, compared with 40 (12.7%) patients at lower risk of PPCs (absolute risk difference: 12.2% [95% confidence intervals (CI), 6.8–17.6%]; P<0.001). Plateau and driving pressures were higher in patients at increased risk, compared with patients at low risk of PPCs, but no ventilatory variables were independently associated with increased occurrence of PPCs. Development of PPCs was associated with a longer hospital stay. Conclusions: One in five patients developed one or more PPCs (chiefly unplanned oxygen requirement), which was associated with a longer hospital stay. No ventilatory variables were independently associated with PPCs. Clinical trial registration: NCT02989415

    Kompositorische Effizienz und dramaturgische Vielfalt. Der Fabelzusammenhang in der Filmmusik Ennio Morricones und die Beziehungen zu narrativ wirksamen Topik-Reihen

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    Am Beispiel der eher unbekannten Filmmusik zu Sostiene Pereira (I/F/P 1995, Regie: Roberto Faenza) wird ein zentraler Aspekt des Filmmusikschaffens Ennio Morricones beleuchtet, der sich durch enge Korrespondenz zwischen der Musik und den narrativen Strukturen des Films auszeichnet. Rhythmische und melodische Elemente sowie einzelne Aspekte der Instrumentierung eines in der filmischen Narration verankerten Lied-Arrangements werden variiert, neu kombiniert und gezielt zwischen der â€șinternenâ€č auditiven Darstellungsebene der Szene und der â€șexternenâ€č auditiven Ebene transferiert. Dabei werden heterogene musiksprachliche Elemente integriert: portugiesischer Fado, klassisch geprĂ€gte Orchestermusik mit schlichter Polyphonie und vereinzelte Elemente der Neuen Konzertmusik. Dieses Verfahren ist nicht nur kompositorisch effizient, Morricone hat damit auch eine individuelle Lösung fĂŒr das Erreichen eines Fabelzusammenhangs und das generelle Formproblem in der Filmmusik gefunden
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