The Sevenless signaling pathway: variations of a common theme

AbstractMany developmental processes are regulated by intercellular signaling mechanisms that employ the activation of receptor tyrosine kinases. One model system that has been particular useful in determining the role of receptor tyrosine kinase-mediated signaling processes in cell fate determination is the developing Drosophila eye. The specification of the R7 photoreceptor cell in each ommatidium of the developing Drosophila eye is dependent on activation of the Sevenless receptor tyrosine kinase. This review will focus on the genetic and biochemical approaches that have identified signaling molecules acting downstream of the Sevenless receptor tyrosine kinase which ultimately trigger differentiation of the R7 photoreceptor cell

Handreichung Leaving Care

Übergänge aus der Heimerziehung oder aus Pflegefamilien ins Erwachsenenleben sind mit einer sehr einschneidenden Veränderung der Lebenssituation junger Menschen verbunden. Sobald die Fremdunterbringung nicht mehr besteht, ordnen sich auch die Rechtsverhältnisse für Care Leaver komplett neu. Diese Handreichung richtet sich an Care Leaver, Fachkräfte, Pflegeeltern und andere im Übergang beteiligte Akteure. Sie bündelt die Rechte auf Betreuungsleistungen und finanzielle Unterstützung innerhalb der Kinderund Jugendhilfe, im Übergang sowie in nachgehenden Sozialleistungssystemen, die nach dem Verlassen der stationären Erziehungshilfen in Anspruch genommen werden können

The Unfolding of Digital Transformation in Pre-Digital Companies: A Meta-Case Analysis

Due to the growing dispersion of digital technology, many organizations engage in digital transformation. While digital transformation case studies have increased in the information systems and management domain, different ways in which digital transformation unfolds have been proposed. We perform a qualitative meta-analysis of case studies on digital transformation initiatives. From this analysis, we develop two core narratives (a dialectical and a teleological narrative) that we explain in-depth and derive two research avenues from our analysis. Thus, we are advancing the discussion on the unfolding of digital transformation by 1) summarizing existing case studies into two core narratives and 2) shifting the discussion from an explorative character towards a more explanatory approach to better understand how digital transformation unfolds within pre-digital organizations

Clinical assessment of deficits after SAH: hasty neurosurgeons and accurate neurologists

For survivors of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), somatic and cognitive deficits can affect long-term outcomes. We were interested in comparing the deficits identified in SAH patients, including cognitive deficits, at discharge by neurosurgeons and deficits identified by neurologists upon admission to the rehabilitation unit on the same day. The assessment of deficits might have an impact on referring patients to rehabilitation. This retrospective study included 494 SAH patients treated between 2005 and 2010. Of these, 50 patients were discharged to an affiliated rehabilitation unit. Deficits were grouped into 18 categories and summarized into three groups: major somatic, minor somatic, and cognitive deficits. Major somatic deficits were identified in 16 and 20 patients (p=0.53), minor somatic deficits in 16 and 44 (p<0.0001) patients, and cognitive deficits in 36 and 45 (p<0.04) patients by neurosurgeons and neurologists, respectively. The absolute number of deficits in daily activities identified by the neurosurgeon and neurologist were 21 and 31 major somatic deficits (p=0.2), 18 and 97 minor somatic deficits (p<0.0001), and 61 and 147 cognitive deficits (p<0.0001), respectively. Significant differences in assessment of cognitive and minor somatic deficits between neurosurgeons and neurologists exist. Based on these findings, it is evident that for the neurosurgeon, there needs to be an increased awareness of the assessment of cognitive deficits and a more routine interdisciplinary approach, including the use of neuropsychological evaluations, to ensure a better triage of patients to rehabilitation or for discharge hom

Molecular movie of ultrafast coherent rotational dynamics of OCS

Recording molecular movies on ultrafast timescales has been a longstanding goal for unravelling detailed information about molecular dynamics. Here we present the direct experimental recording of very-high-resolution and -fidelity molecular movies over more than one-and-a-half periods of the laser-induced rotational dynamics of carbonylsulfide (OCS) molecules. Utilising the combination of single quantum-state selection and an optimised two-pulse sequence to create a tailored rotational wavepacket, an unprecedented degree of field-free alignment, 〈cos2θ2D〉 = 0.96 (〈cos2θ〉 = 0.94) is achieved, exceeding the theoretical limit for single-pulse alignment. The very rich experimentally observed quantum dynamics is fully recovered by the angular probability distribution obtained from solutions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation with parameters refined against the experiment. The populations and phases of rotational states in the retrieved time-dependent three-dimensional wavepacket rationalises the observed very high degree of alignment

ヘクサコプターのための耐故障制御と視覚に基づくナビゲーション

学位の種別:課程博士University of Tokyo(東京大学

Annexins animal models - from fundamental principles to translational research

Routine manipulation of the mouse genome has become a landmark in biomedical research. Traits that are only associated with advanced developmental stages can now be investigated within a living organism, and the in vivo analysis of corresponding phenotypes and functions advances the translation into the clinical setting. The annexins, a family of closely related calcium (Ca2+)- and lipid-binding proteins, are found at various intra- and extracellular locations, and interact with a broad range of membrane lipids and proteins. Their impacts on cellular functions has been extensively assessed in vitro, yet annexin-deficient mouse models generally develop normally and do not display obvious phenotypes. Only in recent years, studies examining genetically modified annexin mouse models which were exposed to stress conditions mimicking human disease often revealed striking phenotypes. This review is the first comprehensive overview of annexin-related research using animal models and their exciting future use for relevant issues in biology and experimental medicine

Long-term effectiveness of 6 mm micro-rough implants in various indications: A 4.6- to 18.2-year retrospective study.

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the long-term effectiveness of 6 mm implants in various indications with a micro-rough surface after 4.6-18.2 years in function and to assess key factors associated with implant survival, success, and biologic/technical complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-five patients with seventy-four 6 mm implants placed from 2000 to 2013 attended the re-examination assessing well-established clinical and radiographic parameters, biologic and prosthetic complications, and patient-reported outcome measures. RESULTS Five implants were lost after a mean follow-up period of 9.1 years resulting in a survival rate of 93.2%. All losses occurred in free-end situations in the mandible. Smoking habit significantly reduced implant survival (hazard ratio 36.25). Two implants exhibited a history of peri-implantitis, and one implant showed progressive marginal bone loss (MBL) resulting in a success rate of 89.2%. The mean MBL amounted to 0.029 mm. Increased MBL was found for implants placed in the maxilla (0.057 mm) and for implants with a diameter of 4.1 mm (0.043 mm). Soft tissue thickness (1.39 mm) and width of keratinized mucosa (1.91 mm) had no effect on MBL. Patient-reported outcome measures showed high satisfaction (mean VAS scores 88%) and high quality of life (mean OHIP-G14 score 2.2). CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated survival and success rates of 93.2% and 89.2% for 6 mm implants used in various indications. A factor leading to higher implant failure was smoking, whereas modulating factors increasing annual MBL included implants placed in the maxilla and implants with a diameter of 4.1 mm compared to 4.8 mm

Correlation between weather and incidence of selected ophthalmological diagnoses: a database analysis

Purpose: Our aim was to correlate the overall patient volume and the incidence of several ophthalmological diseases in our emergency department with weather data. Patients and methods: For data analysis, we used our clinical data warehouse and weather data. We investigated the weekly overall patient volume and the average weekly incidence of all encoded diagnoses of "conjunctivitis", "foreign body", "acute iridocyclitis", and "corneal abrasion". A Spearman's correlation was performed to link these data with the weekly average sunshine duration, temperature, and wind speed. Results: We noticed increased patient volume in correlation with increasing sunshine duration and higher temperature. Moreover, we found a positive correlation between the weekly incidences of conjunctivitis and of foreign body and weather data. Conclusion: The results of this data analysis reveal the possible influence of external conditions on the health of a population and can be used for weather-dependent resource allocation