Exploiting the therapeutic potential of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway in enriched populations of gynecologic malignancies

Given the prevalence of phosphatase & tensin homolog mutations in histologic specimens harvested from patients with endometrial cancer, significant interest in systemic treatment with PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitors has emerged. Several Phase II trials have been completed studying mTOR inhibitors in advanced/recurrent endometrial cancer. The mTOR pathway also appears to be important in some cervical cancers. Finally, because clear cell carcinoma of the ovary and renal cell carcinoma have a shared histology, the potential for activity of mTOR inhibitors in clear cell cancer of the ovary is implicit. This article reviews the results of Phase II clinical trials of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway inhibitors in patients with endometrial cancer, and discusses the potential therapeutic landscape of mTOR inhibition in enriched populations in gynecologic cancers

Understanding How University Students Use Perceptions of Consent, Wantedness, and Pleasure in Labeling Rape.

While the lack of consent is the only determining factor in considering whether a situation is rape or not, there is sufficient evidence that participants conflate wantedness with consent and pleasurableness with wantedness. Understanding how people appraise sexual scenarios may form the basis to develop appropriate educational packages. We conducted two large-scale qualitative studies in two UK universities in which participants read vignettes describing sexual encounters that were consensual or not, wanted or unwanted and pleasurable or not pleasurable. Participants provided free-text responses as to whether they perceived the scenarios to be rape or not and why they made these judgments. The second study replicated the results of the first and included a condition where participants imagined themselves as either the subject or initiator of the sexual encounter. The results indicate that a significant portion of our participants held attitudes reflecting rape myths and tended to blame the victim. Participants used distancing language when imagining themselves in the initiator condition. Participants indicated that they felt there were degrees of how much a scenario reflected rape rather than it simply being a dichotomy (rape or not). Such results indicate a lack of understanding of consent and rape and highlight avenues of potential educational materials for schools, universities or jurors

Cleavage modification did not alter blastomere fates during bryozoan evolution

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.The study was funded by the core budget of the Sars Centre and by The European Research Council Community’s Framework Program Horizon 2020 (2014–2020) ERC grant agreement 648861 to A

Influence of sideband oscillations on gyrotron efficiency

We report the observation of sideband mode effects on the efficiency of overmoded gyrotron operation. Two cavities were designed and operated which differed in the presence of sideband modes. In one version of the cavity, parasitic backward waves modes were observed and efficiencies were approximately 22% at 40 A beam current. With the use of a multi-mode self-consistent nonlinear code, a modified design was generated which eliminated the sideband modes. Experiments were conducted with this new cavity which produced efficiencies of approximately 33% at 30 A and 27% at 40 A beam current, but with a slightly higher velocity ratio than seen with the earlier cavity. An additional cavity, also with no sideband modes but with a longer cavity length and therefore higher Q obtained powers up to 1.3 MW with an efficiency of 39% at a 40 A beam current.© IEE