Demands of physical activities and efforts in elite basketbal

There is a great importance in describing the demands of physical exertion of the players in official games for we can organize better periodization training. The aim of this study is to propose a new form of demand physical exertion rating of basketball players and analyze the five existing positions in the game. The classification was divided into five classes and their subclass, as follows: a displacement class with its subclasses: forward pair back side, stopped and defensive position, the class of power contact with its subclass one against one, box out, pick and faults, the class of jump, upper-body movements and dribble. We analyzed two teams in a game quarter of the New Basketball Brazil, the players were divided by the positions / functions operating in the basketball game. Found difference between the frequencies, medium time and total time in the displacement class and power contact between positions thus we conclude that it is necessary to detail the demands of physical exertion and analyze five separate positions indicating the need individualized training

Demandas de las actividades físicas y los esfuerzos en el baloncesto de elite

Existe una gran importancia en la descripción de las exigencias de esfuerzo físico de los jugadores en los juegos oficiales podemos organizar mejor la formación periodización. El objetivo de este estudio es proponer una nueva forma de demanda de calificación esfuerzo físico de los jugadores de baloncesto y analizar las cinco posiciones existentes en el juego. La clasificación se divide en cinco clases y sus subclases, como sigue: una clase de desplazamiento horizontal con su lado trasero hacia adelante par subclase, se detuvo y posición defensiva, la clase de intercambio contacto de potencia con sus subclases uno contra uno, rebote de protección, las cerraduras y las fallas, la clase de los desplazamientos verticales, el movimiento de los miembros superiores e regate. Se analizaron dos equipos en una sala de juegos Nuevo Baloncesto Brasil, los jugadores se dividieron por las posiciones / funciones que operan en el juego de baloncesto. diferencia encontrada entre la frecuencia, el tiempo medio y el tiempo total en el desplazamiento horizontal y clases de contacto de potencia de cambio entre las posiciones tanto, llegamos a la conclusión de que es necesario detallar las exigencias de esfuerzo físico y analizar cinco posiciones independientes, indicando la necesidad formación individualizada.There is a great importance in describing the demands of physical exertion of the players in official games for we can organize better periodization training. The aim of this study is to propose a new form of demand physical exertion rating of basketball players and analyze the five existing positions in the game. The classification was divided into five classes and their subclass, as follows: a displacement class with its subclasses: forward pair back side, stopped and defensive position, the class of power contact with its subclass one against one, box out, pick and faults, the class of jump, upper-body movements and dribble. We analyzed two teams in a game quarter of the New Basketball Brazil, the players were divided by the positions / functions operating in the basketball game. Found difference between the frequencies, medium time and total time in the displacement class and power contact between positions thus we conclude that it is necessary to detail the demands of physical exertion and analyze five separate positions indicating the need individualized training.Existe uma grande importância em descrever as demandas de esforço físico dos jogadores em jogos oficias para podemos organizar uma melhor periodização de treinamento. O objetivo deste estudo é propor uma nova forma de classificação da demanda de esforço físico de jogadores de basquetebol e analisar nas cinco posições existente no jogo. A classificação foi dividida em cinco classes e com as suas subclasses, sendo elas: a classe de deslocamento horizontais com as suas subclasses: para frente, par trás, lateral, parado e posição defensiva, a classe de troca de contato de força com as suas subclasses de um contra um, proteção de rebote, bloqueios e faltas, a classe de deslocamentos verticais, movimentação de membros superiores e drible. Analisamos dois times em um quarto de jogo do Novo Basquete Brasil, os jogadores foram divididos pelas posições/funções que atuam no jogo de basquete. Encontramos diferença entre a frequência, tempo médio e tempo total nas classes de deslocamento horizontais e troca de contato de força entre as posições, deste modo, podemos concluir que é necessário detalhar as demandas de esforço físico e analisar as cinco posições separadas, indicando a necessidade de treinamento individualizado.peerReviewe

Anti rickettsia-antibody for spotted fever group in horses and dogs in the North of Paraná Stated, Brazil

The Brazilian Spotted Fever (BSF) is a zoonosis that can be fatal if not trteated. As there are few studies of the BSF in the Paraná State, the occurrence of BSF was serologically investigated in dogs and horses by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), in the North of that State, in animals that are regarded as sentinels for BSF. A total of 241 samples of sera of equine, four of asinine, and 29 of dogs were collected in nine farms of three municipalities in the North of Paraná: Arapongas, Douradina, and Umuarama. From fifteen samples of equine serum with positive titres for RIFI, eight (53.3 %) had titre of 64 against R. rickettsii, two (13.3 %) 128 against R. rickettsii, and five (33.3 %) were reactants for R. parkeri and R. rickettsii, with titres ranging from 64 to 2048, and 128 to 1024, respectively. The results showed that domestic animals, sentinels for BSF, are under low exposition to ticks infected with spotted fever group Rickettsia, indicating low risk of human infection by these agents in the studied area

Implementation and calibration of finite-length plastic hinge elements for use in seismic structural collapse analysis

Finite-length plastic hinge (FLPH) models have shown advantages over the concentrated plasticity hinge (CPH) models. However, empirical phenomenological relationships, such as Modified Ibarra–Medina–Krawinkler (ModIMK) deterioration model, were mainly calibrated for use in CPH models. ModIMK relationships are versatile and have been applied to steel, reinforced concrete, and timber structures. Herein, a calibration procedure of FLPH models and a unified algorithm for use of ModIMK relationships in CPH and FLPH models are presented. Results from included examples validate the proposed algorithms, which were implemented in OpenSees. Additionally, results highlight that FPLH models avoid errors and convergence pitfalls of CPH models

Interaction between leptin and insulin signaling pathways differentially affects JAK-STAT and Pl 3-kinase-mediated signaling in rat liver

Chronic leptin treatment markedly enhances the effect of insulin on hepatic glucose production unproportionally with respect to body weight loss and increased insulin sensitivity. In the present study the cross-talk between insulin and leptin was evaluated in rat liver. Upon stimulation of JAK2 tyrosine phosphorylation, leptin induced JAK2 co-immunoprecipitation with STAT3, STAT5b, IRS-1 and IRS-2. This phenomenon parallels the leptin-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT3, STAT5b, IRS-1 and IRS-2. Acutely injected insulin stimulated a mild increase in tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK2, STAT3 and STAT5b. Leptin was less effective than insulin in stimulating IRS phosphorylation and their association with PI 3-kinase. Simultaneous treatment with both hormones yielded no change in maximal phosphorylation of STAT3, IRS-1, IRS-2 and Akt, but led to a marked increase in tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT5b when compared with isolated administration of insulin or leptin. This indicates that there is a positive cross-talk between insulin and leptin signaling pathways at the level of JAK2 and STAT5b in rat liver

Application of reliability-based robustness assessment of steel moment resisting frame structures under post-mainshock cascading events

This paper proposes a reliability-based framework for quantifying structural robustness considering the occurrence of a major earthquake (mainshock) and subsequent cascading hazard events, such as aftershocks that are triggered by the mainshock. These events can significantly increase the probability of failure of buildings, especially for structures that are damaged during the mainshock. The application of the proposed framework is exemplified through three numerical case studies. The case studies correspond to three SAC steel moment frame buildings of three, nine, and 20 stories, which were designed to pre-Northridge codes and standards. Two-dimensional nonlinear finite-element models of the buildings are developed with the Open System for Earthquake Engineering Simulation framework (OpenSees), using a finite length plastic hinge beam model and a bilinear constitutive law with deterioration, and are subjected to multiple mainshock-aftershock seismic sequences. For the three buildings analyzed herein, it is shown that the structural reliability under a single seismic event can be significantly different from that under a sequence of seismic events. The reliability based robustness indicator shows that the structural robustness is influenced by the extent to which a structure can distribute damage